纳米TiO_2抗菌复合膜的制备及其在枇杷保鲜中的应用

为制备出综合性能较好的抗菌绿色包装材料用于枇杷保鲜。以明胶、羧甲基纤维素钠为成膜基材,添加具有抗菌活性的纳米TiO_2对复合膜进行改性处理,研究纳米TiO_2添加量对复合膜机械性能、阻隔性能和抑菌性能等方面的影响。通过膜的性能测试,确定最佳的纳米TiO_2添加量并将其应用于枇杷保鲜。研究表明:纳米TiO_2添加量为2%时,复合膜的机械性能、成膜特性及抗菌活性相对最好。该处理组枇杷的呼吸强度、失重率,木质化含量显著低于对照组(P0.05)。冷藏至35 d时,处理组枇杷的菌落总数、腐烂率及MAD含量显著低于对照组(P0.05)。该研究可为纳米TiO_2抗菌复合膜的制备及枇杷保鲜提供新参考。     

无机纳米粒子增强大豆蛋白膜功能特性的比较

大豆分离蛋白作为完全可降解性的生物聚合物,无抗菌性、机械性能及阻隔性能差限制了其在包装领域中的应用,该研究通过将纳米ZnO和纳米TiO2分别加入大豆分离蛋白（Soy Protein Isolate,SPI）中制备SPI/纳米ZnO复合膜和SPI/纳米TiO2复合膜,并对复合膜的包装特性进行比较,确定一种更有利于提升大豆分离蛋白基薄膜相关性能的纳米材料。分析结果表明：纳米ZnO在SPI膜液中的分散性优于纳米TiO2在SPI膜液中的分散性,纳米ZnO和大豆蛋白的相容性更好,且成膜后能更好的发挥协同作用,SPI/纳米ZnO复合膜较SPI/纳米TiO2复合膜的机械性能、阻隔性能和抗菌性能更为突出（P<0.05）。纳米ZnO和大豆蛋白以3%的质量比制备复合膜时,SPI/纳米ZnO（SZ3）复合膜相比较于SPI膜,拉伸强度从6.64 MPa升至18.33 MPa,水蒸气透过率从 20.63×10-2 g•mm/(m2•h•kPa)降至2.94×10-2 g•mm/(m2•h•kPa),氧气透过率从3.32×10-5 g•m/(m2•d•kPa)降至1.54×10-5 g•m/(m2•d•kPa)。此外,复合膜对大肠杆菌和短小芽孢杆菌表现出优异的抗菌性能,抑菌性随着纳米粒子的添加呈上升趋势,在活性包装应用中具有极大潜力。以上研究结果将为大豆蛋白基薄膜的未来应用提供理论参考。     

纳米Ag/纳米TiO_2/CS复合膜材料的抗大肠杆菌特性研究

以壳聚糖CS为基质,添加纳米Ag和纳米TiO_2两种抗菌剂所制备的复合膜,针对大肠杆菌的抗菌性研究。实验根据前期单因素实验结果,设计了纳米Ag/纳米TiO_2/CS复合膜材料的三个因素的3个水平的正交实验,制备了不同优化工艺参数下的纳米Ag/纳米TiO_2/CS复合膜材料。同时,对制备的复合膜进行了抗菌性实验。探讨了优化工艺参数下的最优抗菌效果的工艺参数。结果表明:抗菌性最优工艺是:壳聚糖的浓度为4%,硫酸银的浓度为0.05mol/L,二氧化钛为0.007%时,纳米Ag/纳米TiO_2/CS复合膜材料的抑菌效果最好。研究结果为壳聚糖制备成生物质复合抗菌膜提供了理论及实验参考。     

明胶/纳米TiO_2膜的制备与特性研究

将纳米TiO_2添加到明胶中制备明胶/纳米TiO_2复合膜,研究TiO_2添加量对膜厚度、水溶性、机械性能、水蒸气透过系数、色泽、透光性和不透明度的影响以及膜对鱼肉的保鲜效果。结果表明:随着TiO_2添加量的增加,膜的厚度、水溶性和水蒸气透过系数降低,膜的拉伸强度先降后升而断裂伸长率先升后降;添加纳米TiO_2的膜色泽改变显著,具有优异光阻透作用和有效抑制鱼肉脂肪氧化作用。明胶/纳米TiO_2复合膜在食品包装保鲜方面具有潜在的应用价值。     

Fe~(3+)掺杂纳米TiO_2改性水性聚氨酯的制备及性能研究

以过氧钛酸水溶液为前驱体,在100℃下回流4 h,制备了透明的Fe~(3+)掺杂纳米二氧化钛(TiO_2)溶胶,可见光下的催化性能测试表明Fe~(3+)的最佳掺杂浓度为0.1%。将该掺杂浓度的纳米TiO_2溶胶与水性聚氨酯乳液通过简单共混制备了Fe3+掺杂纳米TiO_2改性水性聚氨酯复合膜。采用SEM、UV-Vis、TG等测试方法对复合膜进行表征,结果表明,纳米粒子均匀分散于复合膜中,并赋予了水性聚氨酯良好的紫外吸收能力。机械性能测试表明复合膜的抗张强度得到明显提高,并且在添加量为1%时达到最强(43 MPa),相对增强了13%。可见光下复合膜对亚甲基蓝(MB)的去除实验表明,Fe~(3+)掺杂纳米TiO_2的添加使得水性聚氨酯膜具有光催化自清洁能力。     

壳聚糖与纳米TiO_2对复合膜结构和性能的影响及复合膜的应用

以马铃薯淀粉为基材,壳聚糖和纳米TiO_2为增强相,共混制备马铃薯淀粉单膜(P)、马铃薯淀粉/壳聚糖复合膜(P+Ch)、马铃薯淀粉/纳米TiO_2复合膜(P+TiO_2)、马铃薯淀粉/壳聚糖/纳米TiO_2复合膜(P+Ch+TiO_2),对圣女果和青椒进行涂膜保鲜实验,通过测定贮藏期间圣女果和青椒的失重率、可溶性糖和可滴定酸含量的变化,评估复合涂膜对圣女果和青椒的保鲜效果,同时对四组复合膜的吸湿性、力学强度和保鲜效果进行比较。结果表明:壳聚糖、纳米TiO_2与马铃薯淀粉共混制膜具有良好的相容性; P+Ch+TiO_2的拉伸强度相比P、P+Ch、P+TiO_2分别提高了91.13%、77.78%、84.82%;吸湿性依次降低了60.91%、6.76%、49.45%。室温15℃存储30 d后,圣女果和青椒处理组的失重率均低于对照组,可溶性糖含量和可滴定酸含量高于对照组,处理组中P+Ch+TiO_2复合涂膜表现最佳保鲜效果。综上,壳聚糖和纳米TiO_2的添加改善了淀粉复合膜的性能,复合膜液对圣女果和青椒具有良好的保鲜效果。     

脱脂棉纳米微晶纤维素的制备及其作为海藻酸盐-淀粉复合薄膜增强剂的应用

探究了纳米微晶纤维素对海藻酸盐-淀粉复合薄膜的增强效果。以脱脂棉为原料,采用化学预处理结合超声破碎法制备纳米微晶纤维素(NCC);以马铃薯淀粉与海藻酸钠为成膜基材,以甘油为增塑剂,将NCC作为增强组分,通过流延法制备复合薄膜。微观形貌观察表明,脱脂棉NCC呈棒状,直径30 nm左右,长径比约为8;对复合膜的机械性能、阻隔性能、光学性能、水溶性、热稳定性和红外光谱检测表明,当NCC的添加量为5%(w/w)时,可以有效提高复合膜的拉伸强度、水溶时间和热稳定性,降低复合膜的透湿系数,而对复合膜的透光性影响不大。     

响应面法优化纳米SiO_2改性大豆蛋白/聚乙烯醇复合薄膜工艺

为增强大豆蛋白/聚乙烯醇复合薄膜的综合性能,以纳米SiO2含量、分散剂聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVPK-30)的含量、膜液pH值为影响因子,以薄膜拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、透光率、吸水率为主要评价指标,通过响应曲面试验确定纳米SiO2改性大豆蛋白/聚乙烯醇复合膜的最佳工艺条件。试验结果表明:当加入1.75%的SiO2纳米粒子(占大豆蛋白和PVA干重),1.20%的PVP(占纳米粒子干重),膜液的pH值控制在5.50时,复合薄膜的综合性能最好;与原大豆蛋白/PVA复合膜相比,改性后薄膜的抗张强度由4.61 MPa增加到9.76 MPa,断裂伸长率由64.98%提升到92.76%,透光率由15.54%升到24.12%,而吸水率由46.37%略降到45.28%。本试验为大豆蛋白/聚乙烯醇复合薄膜性能的改善以及生产应用提供理论和试验基础。     

壳聚糖/纳米TiO_2复合涂膜对芒果保鲜效果的影响

研究用壳聚糖单一涂膜及壳聚糖/纳米TiO_2复合涂膜对芒果保鲜效果的影响,并对不同纳米TiO_2添加量的复合膜进行微观形态观察。结果表明,当壳聚糖/纳米TiO_2复合膜中壳聚糖质量分数为1%,纳米TiO_2质量分数为0.03%时,涂膜处理可以保持芒果果实硬度、V_C及可滴定酸含量,延缓果胶的降解速度,保持细胞膜的功能活性。在贮藏第20 d时,芒果转黄指数为58.16%,失重率为6.72%,说明壳聚糖/纳米TiO_2复合涂膜对芒果在13℃贮藏条件下起到了较好的保鲜作用。     

静电纺丝制备TiO_2/CA复合纳米纤维及其光催化降解染料性能

本文以醋酸纤维(CA)为原料,采用静电纺丝方法制备二氧化钛(TiO_2)/CA纳米纤维,利用其光催化性能降解染液中的染料。扫描电镜和透射电镜显示TiO_2颗粒均匀分布在复合纤维的表面和内部,X衍射结果显示TiO_2颗粒是四方形的锐钛矿相,红外光谱和接触角结果显示TiO_2颗粒未影响CA的亲水性,且CA和TiO_2有相互作用,热重分析显示TiO_2增加了CA的热稳定性,光催化降解染料测试显示纳米纤维具有良好的光催化性能,CA的光催化效率经过240 min实验后仅降低10%。     

抗菌性无定型纳米二氧化钛/聚乳酸膜的制备及表征

溶胶-凝胶法水解异丙醇钛制备纳米二氧化钛（TiO2）溶液,进行粒径优化及表征。紫外光谱、红外光谱、X射线衍射、粒径测试结果表明制备的纳米TiO2为较高可见光利用率的无定型纳米粒子。采用溶液共混法制备聚乳酸/纳米二氧化钛（polylactic acid/nano-TiO2,PLA/nano-TiO2）复合膜,研究不同纳米TiO2质量分数对PLA/nano-TiO2复合膜的性质影响。结果表明,PLA/nano-TiO2复合膜中纳米TiO2质量分数为0.6%时拉伸强度达到最大值,为63.3 MPa,此时断裂伸长率最小,为2.3%。PLA/nano-TiO2复合膜接触角均低于纯PLA膜,从78.40°减小到72.83°;PLA/nano-TiO2复合膜的吸水率显著高于纯PLA膜,从0.56%提高为1.48%;PLA/nano-TiO2复合膜水蒸气透过率比纯PLA膜高,从3.46×10－8（g·m）/（m2·h·Pa）提高到4.66×10－8（g·m）/（m2·h·Pa）。由PLA/nano-TiO2复合膜的抑菌性实验可知,添加纳米TiO2的复合膜在紫外光照下有明显的抑菌效果。     

Anatase titanium dioxide loaded polylactide membranous films: preparation,characterization, and antibacterial activity assessment

In this study, the preparation method and characteristics of anatase titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticle-loaded polylactide (PLA) films and their antibacterial efficacy against Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 4352) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) bacterium were studied. A series of PLA nanocomposites containing, respectively, 0, 1, and 5% (wt.) titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles were prepared by melt intercalation method. The effect of TiO₂ nanoparticles on the thermal and mechanical characteristics of the films was determined. Thermal analysis showed that the glass transition temperature, crystallization temperature, melting temperature, and decomposition temperatures (Td_0.5 and Td_0.05) decreased with the filler content. The results obtained from tensile tests showed that TiO₂ nanoparticles reduced the mechanical properties and moduli of the PLA films. On the other hand, the water absorption properties of the nanocomposite films increased with the addition of nanoparticles and nanocomposite films exhibited bacteriostatic and limited bactericidal efficacy according to AATCC 147. Consequently, nanocomposite films may be good materials for medical applications due to their membranous properties.     

Preparation and Characterization of Whey Protein Film Incorporated with TiO2 Nanoparticles

ABSTRACT:  Biodegradable titanium dioxide (TiO₂)/whey protein isolate (WPI) blend films were made by casting denatured WPI film solutions incorporated with TiO₂ nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction, UV-vis spectra, and fluorescence spectra of the films showed the successful incorporation of TiO₂ nanoparticles into the WPI matrix and indicated the interactions between TiO₂ and WPI. Mechanical tests revealed the antiplasticizing effect of TiO₂ nanoparticles on the WPI/TiO₂ film. Small amounts (<1 wt%) of added TiO₂ nanoparticles significantly increase the tensile properties of WPI film, but also decrease the moisture barrier properties. The addition of higher amounts (>1 wt%) of TiO₂ improves moisture barrier properties but lowers the tensile properties of the film. Microstructural evaluation confirmed the aggregation and distribution of TiO₂ nanoparticles within the WPI matrix and validated the results of functional properties of the WPI/TiO₂ film.     

纳米二氧化钛抗菌食品包装复合膜的研究进展

纳米二氧化钛具有较好的抗菌作用,且在传统包装材料中有较好的分散性,添加了纳米二氧化钛的食品包装薄膜具有较好的抗菌效果,能在一定程度上延长食品的保质期。目前,有较多关于纳米二氧化钛食品包装复合膜的研究,主要是围绕抗菌性,机械性能和安全性等方面展开,研究表明：纳米二氧化钛复合膜的抗菌性受光照影响;复合膜的机械性能、热力学性能和阻隔性等随纳米二氧化钛的加入有所改变;复合膜中的纳米二氧化钛可能会迁移到包装的食品中,造成食品安全隐患;制备复合膜时需综合考虑以上因素。本文主要对纳米二氧化钛的抗菌机理、纳米二氧化钛抗菌食品包装薄膜的制备和应用、纳米二氧化钛的迁移研究进展进行概述,旨在扩展纳米二氧化钛复合膜更好更安全地应用于食品包装。     

结冷胶-黑米花青素-二氧化钛复合膜在蓝莓涂膜保鲜中的应用研究

以结冷胶、黑米花青素、二氧化钛为原料制备了可食性复合膜液,并利用复合膜液对蓝莓进行涂膜保鲜实验,研究新型复合膜对蓝莓的保鲜效果。首先,扫描电子显微镜发现结冷胶膜(GG)、结冷胶-黑米花青素复合膜(GG-BRA)和结冷胶-黑米花青素-二氧化钛复合膜(GG-BRA-TiO₂)的横截面无明显裂缝、无分层现象,傅里叶红外光谱进一步表明结冷胶可以通过非共价键与黑米花青素和二氧化钛进行相互作用。抑菌实验发现结冷胶-黑米花青素-二氧化钛复合膜(GG-BRA-TiO₂)具有良好的抑菌性,其中对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和面包酵母的抑菌圈分别为4.14、2.77和3.55mm。其次,利用复合膜液对蓝莓进行涂膜保鲜实验,结果表明GG-BRA和GG-BRA-TiO₂涂膜组能减缓蓝莓果实贮藏过程中的物理化学性质的变化速率,其中GG-BRA-TiO₂的延缓效果优于GG-BRA。经贮藏10 d,GG-BRA-TiO₂膜组的蓝莓失重率、硬度、花色苷、总酚、多酚氧化酶活力的下降分别较空白对照减少了1.56%、2...     

包载山苍子油的醇溶蛋白纳米粒子对明胶膜结构和性能的影响

本文以明胶、玉米醇溶蛋白和山苍子油为基材,通过流延法制备包载山苍子油的醇溶蛋白纳米粒子/明胶复合膜,研究了纳米粒子与明胶的相互作用,以及不同纳米粒子添加量对复合膜的透光性、微观结构、热稳定性、机械性能、疏水性、抑菌和抗氧化性能的影响。结果表明,纳米粒子与明胶之间发生了氢键相互作用,具有良好的相容性。随着纳米粒子添加量的增大,复合膜的透明度显著降低,其疏水性和抗氧化性显著增强（P<0.05）。复合膜对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均具有明显的抑菌活性,其抑菌圈直径分别为（9.17～10.00） mm和（10.02～11.10） mm。当纳米粒子分散液添加量为30%(v/v)时,复合膜的截面最致密,其热稳定性最好,断裂伸长率最大。本研究为开发含有山苍子油的食品活性包装材料提供了一定的参考依据。     

Conductive Polyaniline/Cellulose/Graphite Composite Films with High Thermal Stability and Antibacterial Activity

Functional composite films were successfully prepared from cellulose, graphite (GP), and polyaniline (PANI) using a combination of physical and chemical processes. Cellulose was dissolved in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide monohydrate (NMMO) and regenerated in water to form the matrix. GP was dispersed in the NMMO solvent prior to the dissolution of the cellulose, and PANI was deposited on the surfaces of the cellulose/GP films by in situ chemical polymerization. The structures of the PANI/cellusose/GP composite films were investigated using X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and SEM/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The mechanical strengths, thermal stabilities, conductivities, and antibacterial activities of the films were studied in detail. The results showed that GP formed a multilayered structure in the cellulose matrix and that the PANI nanoparticles were tightly wrapped on the film surface. The film thickness increased from 40 m to 100 m after the addition of GP and PANI. The tensile strength of the composite films was 80~107 MPa, with the elongation at break being 3%~10%. The final residual weight of the composite films was as high as 65%, and the conductivity of the composite films reached 14.36 S/m. The cellulose matrix ensured that the films were flexible and exhibited desirable mechanical properties, while the GP filler significantly improved the thermal stability of the films. The PANI coating acted as a protective layer during burning and provided good electrical conductivity and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli; both of these characteristics were slightly enhanced by the incorporation of GP. These PANI/cellulose/GP composite films should be suitable for use in electronics, antistatic packing, and numerous other applications.     

蛋壳膜酶解肽对大豆蛋白包装膜抑菌、抗氧化性能的影响

蛋白膜具有良好的机械性能,是一种环境友好的可食性包装材料,但其抑菌、抗氧化性能等包装活性较差,限制其在某些易腐食品包装领域的广泛应用.本研究以大豆分离蛋白(soy protein isolate,SPI)为成膜基质,加入不同添加量的蛋壳膜(eggshell membrane,ESM)酶解肽制备复合膜,以机械性能、阻隔性...     

Effect of Chitosan Nanoparticles and Pectin Content on Mechanical Properties and Water Vapor Permeability of Banana Puree Films

Abstract: Puree prepared from over‐ripe peeled bananas was used as raw material for films processing in a laboratory padder. Pectin and glycerol as plasticizer were added in small concentrations and chitosan nanoparticles (88.79 ± 0.42 nm medium size) incorporated at 0.2% (dry weight basis) as reinforcement material. The mechanical properties, water vapor transmission, thermal stability, and scanning electron microscopy of fractured film surfaces were characterized. Both pectin and glycerol demonstrated an important role in promoting elongation and film handability as was expected. The incorporation of nanoparticles promoted noticeable improvement of the mechanical properties and acted in reducing the water vapor permeation rate, by 21% for films processed with pectin and up to 38% for films processed without pectin, when compared to the control (puree films with no pectin and nanoparticles additions). Microscopic observation revealed a denser matrix when nanoparticles are incorporated into the films. Practical Application: The development of films from fruit purees head to a new strategy for plastic processing from natural resources. The over‐ripe or even waste banana can be adequately prepared for batch films processed with reasonable mechanical and barrier properties, suitable for applications in the food segment. The addition of small fractions of chitosan nanoparticles, form nanocomposites enhancing mechanical and thermal stability broadening potential film applications.     

肉桂醛浓度对浓缩乳清蛋白/壳聚糖复合膜性能的影响

为了研究新型高性能抗菌包装材料,本文将肉桂醛添加到浓缩乳清蛋白/壳聚糖复合膜中制成抗菌复合膜,采用FT-IR对复合膜的微观结构进行表征,研究了肉桂醛浓度对复合膜厚度、透光率、机械性能、水蒸气透过系数、氧气透过率等性质的影响,以及其对复合膜抗菌性能的影响。肉桂醛与浓缩乳清蛋白/壳聚糖复合膜有很好的相容性。结果表明:随着肉桂醛浓度的增加,膜的透光率和抗拉强度减小,当肉桂醛浓度为0.3%时,膜的水蒸气透过系数最小,为1.15×10-13 g/(cm·s·Pa),当肉桂醛浓度为0.4%时,膜的厚度和氧气透过率最小,氧气透过率为1.1×10-5 cm3/(m2·d·Pa),当肉桂醛浓度为0.5%时,膜的断裂伸长率最大,为57.5%,膜的抑菌效力随着肉桂醛浓度的增大而显著增大。该研究可为肉桂醛/浓缩乳清蛋白/壳聚糖复合抗菌膜的生产工艺参数的优化提供新的参考。