铬绿结晶釉呈色机理的研究

主要探讨基础釉化学组成中各氧化物对结晶釉呈色的影响。结果表明,其中氧化铝、氧化锌、氧化铁对铬离子呈色有较大的影响,铬绿结晶釉呈色机理为离子着色。     

釉里红的研究

在已有的研究基础上,本实验通过改变釉里红釉的色料、盖釉和底釉的配方及组合方式,探讨了影响釉里红呈色及流动状态的因素。实验结果表明：CuO含量不仅影响釉里红釉的呈色,还对釉料的高温流动性有明显的影响。底釉、盖釉配料中的熔剂对釉里红呈色的影响十分明显。     

采用通用原料仿制石湾广钧蓝釉初探

以现今陶瓷生产用的通用原料,采用正交设计进行实验,得出广钧釉料呈色规律。在一定组成范围,其釉的呈色效果比较理想。通过直观分析,影响面釉呈色的因素大小依次为石英、Ca3(PO4)2、氧化钴和氧化锌。底釉的呈色元素对于面釉呈色影响较大。因此获得石湾钧蓝釉的最优配比,为石湾仿钧釉的下一步仿制提供了参考。     

氧化锡对陶瓷色料釉呈色的影响

通过在高温透明釉中添加氧化锡,研究了釉中不同氧化锡含量对各种陶瓷色料呈色的影响,并揭示了陶瓷色料在透明釉和乳浊釉中呈色的显著差异。     

嫣红釉呈色机理的研究

本文从工艺试验与微观结构研究两方面初步探讨了嫣红釉的呈色机理,并认为嫣红釉的呈色主要是由于均匀分布在基础釉中的Se、Cd、S固熔体所致。     

基于化学组成的龙泉窑粉青和梅子青釉呈色研究

以龙泉青釉为基础，首先根据氧化铁的含量不同设计粉青和梅子青两大系列釉，再通过改变石灰石、滑石、钾长石、钠长石的相对含量，采用正交配釉法总共配制了39种釉，分别施于龙泉弟窑白胎上进行烧制实验，通过观察烧成制品釉的呈色，推论出釉的化学组成即各氧化物对釉呈色的影响结果为：釉中氧化铁含量决定了釉的色调，即釉色的深浅浓淡，而还原比例决定了釉的颜色，即黄绿青兰色；对比碱金属和碱土金属氧化物，碱土金属氧化物有利于铁保持低价态，使釉呈蓝青色，碱金属氧化物有利于铁保持高价态，使釉呈黄绿色；对于碱金属氧化物而言，当碱金属含量低时，氧化钾使釉呈青中带蓝色，而氧化钠使釉呈蓝色中泛黄色，当碱金属含量高时，氧化钠使釉呈青中带蓝色，而氧化钾使釉呈青中带黄色；对于碱土金属而言，氧化钙有利于铁保持低价态，使釉呈蓝青色，而氧化镁则使釉的色调变浅，颜色变青白色。     

问：基础釉影响色料发色的机理有哪些？

正答:1定义基础釉与色料适应性是指基础釉与色料相互接触,不会因为熔解、化学反应等而影响色料烧成后发色的性能。2基础釉影响色料发色的机理1)色料被基础釉熔解后,发色离子的价态发生变化。基础釉中的Li、Na、K、Ca、Mg等成分在高温作用下对色料起助熔作用,有助于胶体呈色色料的发色,却不利于晶体呈色色料的发色。2)色料被基础釉熔解后,发色离子的配位发生变     

釉烧工艺及氧化铁含量对钧瓷呈色及微观组织的影响

钧瓷的呈色效果与其高温窑变直接关联,分析其高温釉烧过程中的化学变化,可以进一步解释钧瓷的窑变,提高钧瓷釉烧成品率。通过在基体釉料中添加不同含量的氧化铁,借助X-射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)等检测手段,系统分析了氧化铁添加量、施釉方式、釉烧气氛及釉烧温度对钧瓷釉层的微观组织形貌、呈色及分相等的影响。结果显示,不同气氛下烧制的相同氧化铁含量的钧瓷试片呈色不同;氧化铁含量在1~3%范围内,呈色较好;伴随氧化铁含量的增加,钧瓷试片的析晶程度越高;蘸釉的施釉方式制备的钧瓷产品,呈色效果更优。     

中温裂纹釉的研究

随着技术的不断进步,中温裂纹釉在陶瓷界引起了广泛的关注。本文从中温裂纹釉的配方组成、着色剂的呈色效果等方面阐述了中温裂纹釉的制备情况,同时探讨了釉料组成与呈色效果的关系以及坯体组成与裂纹釉的适应问题。     

氧化物含量对电瓷釉用棕色料及釉呈色的影响

采用固相合成法制备了尖晶石型棕色料,用XRD、综合热分析、色度仪等手段对合成色料和色釉进行了表征,讨论了氧化物含量对色料和釉呈色的影响。结果表明:加入MgO可使色料在釉料中呈红棕色,提高色料的呈色性能,MgO添加量为0.05 mol时,色料在色釉中的呈色效果较好。此外,基础釉中加入少量的ZnO也可以提高色料在釉中的呈色效果,减少色差及其釉面缺陷。     

A short but glorious porcelain glaze of Early Ming Dynasty: New finding of raw material and colorants in the copper red glaze

Copper red glaze is considered to be Chinese unique high-temperature copper colored glaze. The sample of Hongwu underglaze red of the Ming Dynasty was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), synchrotron radiation micro-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (SR-μ-XRF), synchrotron radiation micro-X-ray diffraction (SR-μ-XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the results show that there are nano-scale metal copper particles in the diffusion layer of the glaze, and irregular copper sulfide particles at the bottom layer. The presence of metal copper nanoparticles shows the glaze red, but under the influence of black copper sulfide, the appearance of underglaze red is relatively dull and dark. It is assumed that the pigments in Hongwu underglaze red are natural copper ores due to the existence of irregular particles. Referring to the record of "Bright red clay" in ancient literatures, a mixture of cuprite and chalcopyrite are probably the raw materials, the exhaustion of which may be the main reason for the interruption of copper red glaze after the mid-Ming Dynasty.     

Color Fading of Underglaze Decalcomania

A study was made of some possible causes of color fading of underglaze decalcomania used in the commercial production of semivitreous dinnerware, While the quality of the decalcomania employed is of primary importance, ware losses due to color fading can be minimized by careful control of glost firing procedures, adjustment of glaze composition, and proper fritting practice. Cone 2 dinnerware glazes identical in chemical composition but different in constituency were found to have widely different characteristics toward underglaze colors. Best results were obtained when lead oxide was fritted and 10% or more whiting was left unfritted and added as a mill addition. Low-melting frits did not produce so good results as did the more refractory frits. Strontia, as a lead replacement, was effective in reducing color fading. Barium oxide also showed characteristics favorable to underglaze colors, but tin oxide, zinc oxide, and magnesia, even in small amounts, were decidedly harmful to most colors. When alumina and silica were varied and other oxides were kept constant, increases in alumina were decidedly unfavorable to most colors, resulting in extreme fading at the higher alumina contents. The effect of raising the silica content was generally favorable. For best results, glazes should be compounded to prevent the formation of low-temperature melts. Adjustment of glaze composition to increase viscosity and lower surface tension of the molten glaze is suggested as a method of minimizing glaze attack on color.     

铜红釉

本分析了铜红釉的化学组成，组成与釉呈色的关系；讨论了铜红釉难以烧成的根本原因，分析了生产工艺对铜红釉呈色的影响，介绍了几种现代铜红釉的曲型配方及生产工艺要点；对铜红釉的呈色机理作了初步探讨。     

鹤壁集窑黑,红彩陶瓷的显微结构特征

鹤壁集窑是我国著名的民窑之一,它位于河南省的西北部。鹤壁集窑的黑、红彩装饰技艺的发展在陶瓷和艺术史上占有重要地位。本文对红彩、褐红彩的装饰技术和呈色机理作了研究,发现: 1.北宋样品都有两层化妆土,这在胎釉之间起到过渡作用,它不仅可以增加陶瓷外观白度,而且能使釉减少应力并避免产生裂纹。 2.北宋、金和部分元代样品都是釉下彩。釉下彩样品的色层物相都是以磁铁矿为主,花纹呈黑色。但是部分元代样品色层在釉上,部分釉上彩色层物相是以赤铁矿为主,花纹呈铁红色。两个元代样品釉上色层物棚的含磁铁矿量和赤铁矿接近,花纹呈褐红色。     

包裹法国红色料在陶瓷领域应用的探索

探索包裹法国红色料在建筑陶瓷工业釉料、坯体中应用的工艺技术条件，采用正交实验方法找出包裹法国红色料在陶瓷釉料、外墙砖、地砖中的最佳发色条件：在釉料中一价的钾、钠离子特别利于该色料的发色；二价离子钡较好、钙次之、镁最差；法国红色料在普通熔块中发色不理想，在特制的熔块中发色良好。     

Red Slime from Alumina Production as Material for Tinted Glazes

The possibility of introducing red bauxite slime into the composition of raw glaze is analyzed. Dull pigment-free glaze coatings of a black color have been developed, and the crystalline phases formed in firing of the glaze layer have been identified.     

高着色力锰红色料的研制

通过以Mn的可溶性盐、Al(OH)3,加入适量的P化合物及添加少量的PbO、CaO等矿化剂 ,经高温合成 ,酸处理。获得着色力强、呈色鲜艳、高温稳定的锰红色料 ,可广泛应用于坯体 ,釉料及釉中彩的装饰     

Reproduction of Jun‐red glazes with nano‐sized copper oxide

Nano sized copper oxide was firstly employed for producing Jun‐red glazes. A series of Jun‐red glazes were prepared by adjusting the copper oxide nanoparticle content and the valance state of elemental copper in the glaze matrix. The coloring and microstructure of each glaze was investigated by spectrophotometer, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, X‐ray photoelectron spectrometer, and transmission electron microscope. Under reducing conditions, the red glaze color gradually darkens with increasing CuO content from 0.5 to 1.0 wt%. Interestingly, the coloring of the samples fired under reducing atmosphere turned to be green‐blue, when the content of nanosized CuO was increased to 1.5 wt%. We also found that increased CuO content increases the size of phase separation in the glazes. As comparison, the coloring of samples fired without nanosized CuO are slightly blue under reducing atmosphere, which is attributed to the structural color generated owing to the Rayleigh scattering. Red color of the Jun glazes may arise from elemental copper nanoparticles. The current research utilizing modern nanotechnology provides a new insight into both the “furnace transmutation” and “color regulating” of the ancient Jun‐red glazes.     

圆明园琉璃瓦表面釉层变色机理的研究

主要利用光学显微镜、能量色散(EDXRF)、XPS、SEM、TEM对圆明园出土的部分绿色琉璃瓦釉-绿中泛红现象进行分析,以研究圆明园出土琉璃瓦的变色机理和烧制过程.通过以上分析表明,琉璃瓦的釉层属于一种铅硅系玻璃,其绿色和红色是由于釉中Cu元素存在价态与含量不同所致,并且绿色区域是以Cu2+形式存在,黑红色和鲜红色区域主要以Cu+和Cu0并存形式存在,而且黑红色区域Cu0的含量要高于鲜红色,所以Cu0对于呈红色起到主要作用.绿色到红色转变是釉层中Cu2+被圆明园遭到火烧时产生的C和CO还原为Cu0和Cu2O析出富集到表面所致,其本质与铜红釉呈色机理相同.