Solution of the Problem of H∞-control in the Presence of Regular Nonlinearities

For the problem with H-criterion and uncertain nonlinear block with a regular part of the perturbation vector, equations of a class of controllers were obtained. These controllers can exert a sufficiently small influence of the regular component on the given output process.     

On the Formalization of the Modal μ-Calculus in the Calculus of Inductive Constructions

We present a natural deduction proof system for the propositional modal μ-calculus and its formalization in the calculus of inductive constructions. We address several problematic issues, such as the use of higher-order abstract syntax in inductive sets in the presence of recursive constructors, and the formalization of modal (sequent-style) rules and of context sensitive grammars. The formalization can be used in the system Coq, providing an experimental computer-aided proof environment for the interactive development of error-free proofs in the modal μ-calculus. The techniques we adopt can be readily ported to other languages and proof systems featuring similar problematic issues.     

On the Development of Applications of Logic in Programming

1.Preliminary RemarksBy Logic we mean the discipline which includes proof theory,model theory,recur-sion thoery and axiomatic set theory.In recent years there is a growing recognition of therelevance of logic to computer programming.The close relationship between these twofields seems to be aptly capsuled in the formula proposed by Patrick Hayes among others     

Latitudinal variation of trends in ClO in the vertical structure of the tropical–subtropical stratosphere

Trends in chlorine monoxide (ClO) over the tropical–subtropical stratosphere (40° S–40° N) have been studied by analysing data from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) onboard the Upper Atmospheric Research Satellite (UARS) for the period 1991–1999 using the multifunctional regression model. Trends in ClO show latitudinal variation and they are almost symmetrical around the equator. Trend profiles reveal negative trends in the middle stratosphere (46–30 mb), no trends near 20 mb and then positive trends in the upper stratosphere. A negative maximum near 46 mb and a positive maximum near 6.8–4.6 mb level is observed over the tropical and subtropical belts.     

Concerning the knowledge domain of anticipation – awareness of early contributions in the context of defining the field

The knowledge domain of anticipation is still in the process of being defined, and is therefore subject to controversies. Science was never an endeavour of consensus but rather of debate. This additional argument to the debate integrates awareness of the early Soviet/Russian contributions to a science of anticipation. From this awareness derives the understanding of why anticipation faces opposition from established viewpoints. This article ascertains that anticipation advances a fundamental view of the living. Within this view, anticipation is always expressed in action. Short of this definitory condition, anticipation fades into the grey mass of speculative predictive methods.     

Convergence Analysis in the Maximum Norm of the Numerical Gradient of the Shortley–Weller Method

The Shortley–Weller method is a standard central finite-difference-method for solving the Poisson equation in irregular domains with Dirichlet boundary conditions. It is well known that the Shortley–Weller method produces second-order accurate solutions and it has been numerically observed that the solution gradients are also second-order accurate; a property known as super-convergence. The super-convergence was proved in the \(L^{2}\) norm in Yoon and Min (J Sci Comput 67(2):602–617, 2016). In this article, we present a proof for the super-convergence in the \(L^{\infty }\) norm.     

Internet technology in support of the concept of “communities-of-practice”: the case of Xerox

Work practices usually differ fundamentally from the way that organizations describe their operations in manuals, training programs, etc. This paper focuses on the way that certain work practices are supported at Xerox, and the conclusions of this effort are related to complementary investigations on learning and innovation. Here we propose that the combination of work, learning and innovation should be reconsidered within the framework of informal “communities-of-practice.” Information Technology tends to be used in order to reinforce the old work and study paradigms. This paper suggests a different use of IT, a use especially well suited to intra- and internets, with the aim of supporting informal structures rather than formal procedures. The case of Xerox Corporation is used as an example.     

On the Consequences of the Adoption of the Zaremba–Jaumann Objective Stress Rate in FEM Codes

This paper deals with a particular issue of computational mechanics in main FEM codes nowadays available, i.e. the outcomes of implementations of large strain constitutive models based on the adoption of so-called objective stress rates, in order to satisfy objectivity requirements. The point here is that of directly inquiring whether well-known incoherencies due to the adoption of the Zaremba–Jaumann objective stress rate may manifest themselves when the most used elastic and elastoplastic constitutive models are adopted. The present investigation aims at providing a comprehensive review of the theoretical aspects and at developing an informed knowledge to final users of FEM codes, in terms of exposing which constitutive models and FEM implementations may be affected by Zaremba–Jaumann objective stress rate induced incoherencies. Towards this end, local FEM simple shear tests are explored and clearly show that kinematic cases characterized by a non zero spin may be heavily affected by oscillatory incoherencies, which arise for expected cases, i.e. Cauchy stress responses, but also for other less expected cases, i.e. strain responses, whether they are total, elastic or plastic. Beyond local tests, structural simple shear tests are also performed and show as well that oscillatory incoherencies found in local simple shear tests may heavily influence the overall structural outcomes. A non-secondary target of the paper is that of reviewing the relevant scientific and technical literature about objective stress rates, by critically analyzing correlated issues and proposed solutions, considering scientific contributions spanning over a century, keeping specific attention to the treatment of the Zaremba–Jaumann objective stress rate and to the possible flaws related to its adoption.     

Progress in the Development of National Knowledge Infrastructure

This paper presents the recent process in a long-term research project,called National Knowledge Infrastructure(or NKI).Initiated in the early 2000,the project aims to develop a multi-domain shareable knowledge base for knowledge-intensive applications.To develop NKI,we have used domain-specific ontologies as a solid basis,and have built more than 600 ontologies.Using these ontologies and our knowledge acquisition methods,we have extracted about 1.1 millions of domain assertions.For users to access our NKI knowledge,we have developed a uniform multi-modal human-knowledge interface.We have also implemented a knowledge application programming interface for various applications to share the NKI knowledge.     

An examination of the Internet’s development as a disabling environment in the context of the social model of disability and anti-discrimination legislation in the UK and USA

Research indicates that inaccessible website design persists despite the existence of anti-discrimination legislation and the influence of the social model of disability on policy development. In this paper, the concept of universal access is examined in the light of the social model of disability in relation to both the physical and virtual environments. The manner in which disability is often deemed a design afterthought is highlighted. The need for universal access is then placed alongside a discussion of access to the Internet in relation to an ageing population and people with cognitive difficulties. Subsequently, anti-discrimination provisions are analysed in relation to how they support designers’ focus on an accepted normality to which reasonable adjustments need to be made, rather than the acquisition of full universal access.     

Reverse engineering in the design of turbine blades – a case study in applying the MAMDP

This paper presents a case study on the reverse engineering of turbine blades used in nuclear power generators. Reverse engineering has been widely recognised as a crucial step in the product design cycle. However, major problems with current reverse engineering technology are the inefficient surface reconstruction process, lack of digitising accuracy control in the data digitisation process, and bottlenecks resulted from huge amounts of digitised surface points in the surface modeling process. Moreover, under this limitation, modern concurrent engineering concepts are difficult to implement to obtain optimal product design. This study applies a developed reverse engineering approach – the modified adaptive model-based digitizing process (MAMDP) to the 3D geometric design of turbine blades. The approach integrates surface digitising and modeling processes of turbine blades into a single surface reconstruction process. Using the approach, accurate product CAD models can be efficiently generated and the product design cycle of turbine blades can be successfully linked.     

Point Asymptotics for Probabilities of Large Deviations of the ω2 Statistics in Verification of the Symmetry Hypothesis

We consider the ² statistic, destined for testing the symmetry hypothesis, which has the form

Game-Theoretic Control of the Object’s Random Jump Structure in the Class of Pure Strategies

Journal of Computer and Systems Sciences International - The optimal control problem of the random-jump structure of an object under counteraction conditions is considered. The counteracting...     

A hybrid rule – neural approach for the automation of legal reasoning in the discretionary domain of family law in Australia

Few automated legal reasoning systems have been developed in domains of law in which a judicial decision maker has extensive discretion in the exercise of his or her powers. Discretionary domains challenge existing artificial intelligence paradigms because models of judicial reasoning are difficult, if not impossible to specify. We argue that judicial discretion adds to the characterisation of law as open textured in a way which has not been addressed by artificial intelligence and law researchers in depth. We demonstrate that systems for reasoning with this form of open texture can be built by integrating rule sets with neural networks trained with data collected from standard past cases. The obstacles to this approach include difficulties in generating explanations once conclusions have been inferred, difficulties associated with the collection of sufficient data from past cases and difficulties associated with integrating two vastly different paradigms. A knowledge representation scheme based on the structure of arguments proposed by Toulmin has been used to overcome these obstacles. The system, known as Split Up, predicts judicial decisions in property proceedings within family law in Australia. Predictions from the system have been compared to those from a group of lawyers with favourable results.     

PAC-learning in the presence of one-sided classification noise

We derive an upper and a lower bound on the sample size needed for PAC-learning a concept class in the presence of one-sided classification noise. The upper bound is achieved by the strategy “Minimum One-sided Disagreement”. It matches the lower bound (which holds for any learning strategy) up to a logarithmic factor. Although “Minimum One-sided Disagreement” often leads to NP-hard combinatorial problems, we show that it can be implemented quite efficiently for some simple concept classes like, for example, unions of intervals, axis-parallel rectangles, and TREE(2,n,2,k) which is a broad subclass of 2-level decision trees. For the first class, there is an easy algorithm with time bound O(m logm). For the second-one (resp. the third-one), we design an algorithm that applies the well-known UNION-FIND data structure and has an almost quadratic time bound (resp. time bound O(n ² m logm)).     

Parameter Estimation in the Presence of Measurement Noise†

The parameter estimation problem is formulated for the situation in which the measurement of every variable is subject to noise. The method of maximum likelihood is shown to produce estimators for which the amount of computation is prohibitive but these estimators fire used as a standard against which the accuracy of more easily computed methods may be judged, A number of alternative methods are introduced, a form of weighted least squares being shown to require the least computation and to approximate the accuracy of the maximum likelihood estimators. An example of the appli-cation of this method is given.     

Algorithms for the Determination of Cutsets in a Hypergraph

Given a hypergraph,this paper provides three algorithms for finding all its minimal cutsets,minimal link cutsets and the least cutsets.The result not only set up a new studying field on cutsets of hypergraph,but also lay a foundation of analyzing the performance of multibus systems.The algorithm for determining all the least cutsets in a hypergaph is polynomial complex and more efficient than that in [2].     

Application of mathematical programming in the design of optimal control systems†

The problem of applying the various computational methods of mathematical programming in the design of an optimal control system is discussed. A general case of non-linear, non-autonomous, state equations, subject to inequality constraints on both state and control variables, is considered. Both continuous and discrete time systems are investigated. In case of discrete time systems, the sampling intervals are assumed generally unequal and aperiodic, with inequality constraints imposed upon them.

Systems like these impose considerable computational difficulties when treated by the maximum principle or dynamie programming. Using mathematical programming, one may simplify a wide class of those computational problems.

Several examples of applying mathematical programming to particular control problems are presented.     

The upper bound of the optimal number of clusters in fuzzy clustering

The upper bound of the optimal number of clusters in clustering algorithm is studied in this paper. A new method is proposed to solve this issue. This method shows that the rule cmax≤n~(1/n), which is popular in current papers, is reasonable in some sense. The above conclusion is tested and analyzed by some typical examples in the literature, which demonstrates the validity of the new method.     

Theory of truth degrees of propositions in the logic system L_n~*

Approximate reasoning based on the idea of fuzzy sets was firstly proposed by Zadeh[1] in 1973, which differs from the one advocated in Artificial Intelligence. Indeed, Artificial Intelligence emphasizes symbolic manipulation and roots itself in logic, em…