醋酸乙烯酯乳液与聚乙烯醇接枝反应的研究

研究了以聚乙烯醇为保护胶体的醋酸乙烯乳液聚合中,作为保护胶体的聚乙烯醇与醋酸乙烯的接枝反应。发现聚乙烯醇的接枝主要发生在初期,而醋酸乙烯的接枝链一直增长到胶粒沉析;另外,保护胶体黏度对接枝率也有影响,黏度越大醋酸乙烯的接枝率越低。     

以聚乙烯醇为保护胶体的乳液与部分官能团的接枝反应研究

主要研究了在以聚乙烯醇为保护胶体的醋酸乙烯乳液聚合中,乳液与环氧丙烯酸酯、聚氨酯、硅烷等官能团的接枝反应.在以过硫酸铵为引发剂、以聚乙烯醇为保护胶体的醋酸乙烯乳液聚合中,乳液与上述各类官能团间发生的接枝反应直接影响乳液的黏度、固体含量、剪切强度等宏观性质.研究发现官能单体脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、丙烯酸异辛酯(2-EHA)等单体和丙烯酸(AA)与乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷共同作用时对乳液的宏观性质影响显著.     

醋酸乙烯酯-大豆蛋白接枝共聚乳液胶黏剂的研制

以尿素和亚硫酸钠改性大豆蛋白,与醋酸乙烯酯等复合单体在过硫酸铵引发下进行接枝共聚,合成了性能较好的醋酸乙烯酯-大豆蛋白接枝共聚乳液胶黏剂,降低了原料成本.研究了不同反应条件对乳液胶黏剂性能的影响,优化的反应条件是以聚乙烯醇作保护胶体,采用半连续乳液聚合工艺,复合单体与大豆蛋白比例为3.0:1,引发剂用量1.2%(占单体质量),反应温度控制在70～75℃,共聚时间4.5h,制备的乳液胶黏剂具有最大剪切强度和良好综合性能.     

木薯双醛淀粉制备木材用胶粘剂的研究

以木薯淀粉为原料、高碘酸钠为氧化剂,在一定条件下制得双醛淀粉(DAS);然后以过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂、聚乙烯醇(PVA)为保护胶体和醋酸乙烯酯(VAc)为DAS的接枝单体,再配合其他助剂制得双醛接枝淀粉基木材用胶粘剂。结果表明:当w(DAS中醛基)=20%、m(DAS)∶m(VAc)=1∶2.5、w(PVA)=75%、VAc为25 mL、接枝反应温度为65℃和反应时间为3 h时,胶粘剂的干、湿强度分别为3.0、2.4 MPa。     

影响聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAc)乳液粘度几种因素的探讨

对聚乙烯醇作保护胶体、2—甲基—2丙烯酰胺丙磺酸钠作乳化剂的聚醋酸乙烯乳液的反应机理及粘度的影内因素，聚乙烯醇、乳化剂、引发剂、加料方式及反应温度等对乳液粘度影响的规律进行了探讨。     

影响聚醋酸乙烯树脂乳液粘度的因素及反应机理探讨

本文对以聚乙烯醇作保护胶体的聚醋酸乙烯乳液的粘度的影响因素（如聚乙烯酵、醋酸乙烯活性度、反应温度、引发剂等）及反应机理作了探讨。对醋酸乙烯聚合反应原理作了简介。     

聚醋酸乙烯乳液保护胶体的改性

介绍了聚醋酸乙烯乳液保护胶体改性的一些现状和进展。包括聚乙烯醇的缩醛化、酰基化、烷基化、醋酸乙烯共聚物皂化、添加剂改性等方法以及其他保护胶体的应用。     

乳液聚合中保护胶体的研究进展

介绍了乳液聚合中保护胶体稳定聚合物乳液的机理,详细综述了保护胶体在乙烯基单体、共轭烯单体和丙烯酸酯类单体乳液聚合中的研究进展。指出了单体在保护胶体上的适量接枝是乳胶粒稳定的必要条件,因此,合理使用保护胶体在乳液聚合中有重要意义。     

聚乙烯醇与苯甲醇的接枝合成与性能研究

本文研究了聚乙烯醇与苯甲醇的接枝合成,探讨了在不同温度,不同摩尔比等不同条件对该反应产物性能的影响。获得较好的反应条件:反应温度120℃,浓硫酸作催化剂,聚乙烯醇与苯甲醇的摩尔比为1∶2时,接枝聚合物的耐水性得到了大幅度的提高。     

新型接枝淀粉浆料的制备

通过理论设计选用丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸、苯乙烯三种单体在廉价的氧化还原引发剂体系下与淀粉进行接枝,并加入胶体保护剂稳定反应体系,提高接枝效果.重点考察了pH值、胶体保护剂与引发剂浓度对接枝的影响.通过红外光谱与SEM对产物进行了表征.采用本体系可有效降低成本,提高反应稳定性,提高接枝效果,有望成为一种环保的新型浆料.     

低聚合度、低醇解度聚乙烯醇的合成与性能研究——I.低聚合度聚醋酸乙烯酯的合成

以甲醇为溶剂,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,采用自由基聚合方法合成了低聚合度聚醋酸乙烯酯,并对其结构进行了表征。讨论了聚合时间、引发剂用量、物料配比、聚合温度等因素对聚合率的影响,获得了相对较佳的工艺参数。     

PVAc耐水性能改性研究

以过硫酸钠作为引发剂,以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、叔碳酸乙烯酯(VeoVa10)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)作为醋酸乙烯酯(VAc)的共聚改性单体,采用先预乳化后半连续滴加法制备改性聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAc)乳液.探讨了搅拌速率、共聚单体配比、聚乙烯醇(PVA)和引发剂含量等对改性PVAc乳液性能的影响.结果表明:当m(VAc ...     

非腈复合引发剂用于乙酸乙烯溶液聚合

以生物乙烯法生产的乙酸乙烯为单体、过氧化月桂酰-十二烷基二甲基叔胺为非腈复合引发剂、甲醇为溶剂进行溶液聚合反应的研究。实验考察了反应温度、反应时间、甲醇用量、引发剂用量对反应产物聚合率和聚合度的影响,采用正交试验优化了乙酸乙烯溶液聚合的反应条件,确定反应因素对聚合率和聚合度影响的相对大小。结果表明,最优的乙酸乙烯溶液聚合条件为:反应温度65℃,反应时间3h,甲醇用量10%,引发剂用量0.010%,获得聚乙烯醇产品的聚合度为3776,聚合率为45.29%。直观分析确定影响聚合率的因素主次顺序为引发剂用量> 反应时间> 甲醇用量> 反应温度;影响聚合度的因素主次顺序为甲醇用量 >引发剂用量 >反应温度 >反应时间。     

Polymerization and copolymerization of vinyl carbamates and vinyl carbonates

Poly(vinyl carbamates) and poly(vinyl carbonates) of high molecular weight have been obtained by polymerization of the corresponding monomers prepared from vinyl chloroformate. Poly(vinyl carbonates) can also be prepared by chemical modification of poly(vinyl chloroformate) with alcohols and phenols. Copolymerization parameters of phenyl vinyl carbonate with vinyl acetate have been determined in methylene chloride, at 35°C, with dicyclohexyl peroxydicarbonate as initiator.     

复合引发剂存在下的氯乙烯聚合动力学

Kinetic models for the rate constants of vinyl chloride polymerization in the presence of initiator mixtures were proposed. They may be used to design the initiator recipes for the vinyl chloride polymerization with uniform rate at different temperatures at which various grades of poly(vinyl chloride) will be prepared.     

甲基乙烯基醚/马来酸酐共聚物合成研究

以过氧化十二酰为引发剂(IN),采用溶液自由基共聚合方法,实现了甲基乙烯基醚(MVE)与马来酸酐(MAN)的交替共聚合。通过详细研究反应温度、引发剂用量、溶剂配比、溶剂用量及反应时间等因素对共聚物产率及产品特性粘度的影响,优化了制备甲基乙烯基醚/马来酸酐共聚物的工艺条件。最后通过FTIR和13CNMR表征了共聚物的结构。     

乙烯基吡咯烷酮与乙酸乙烯酯共聚的研究

以偶氮二异丁腈 (AIBN)为引发剂 ,乙醇为溶剂 ,采用自由基溶液聚合方法研究了乙烯基吡咯烷酮 (VP)—乙酸乙烯酯 (VAC)共聚反应。研究了引发剂质量分数及单体质量分数与转化率和分子质量的关系 ,还研究了聚合反应温度对转化率与分子质量的影响 ,同时探索了控制共聚物组成分布均匀的方法     

Metal-containing initiator systems

Summary The polymerization of vinyl monomers with the initiator systems of ferrocene and acid anhydrides were investigated. The initiator activity for radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) was higher than that for styrene (St). However, isobutyl vinyl ether was not polymerized. The rate of polymerization of MMA with ferrocene/benzoic anhydride system was in proportional to the square root concentrations of both compounds of the initiator system, indicating the mechanism of radical polymerization. When an alternating copolymer of ethylene with maleic anhydride was used as an acid anhydride, a graft copolymer, which was soluble in dimethylformamide and tetrahydrofuran, was produced from radical polymerization of MMA.     

Continuous Dosing of a Fast Initiator during Suspension Polymerization of Vinyl Chloride for Enhanced Productivity: Mathematical Modeling and Experimental Study

An adopted mathematical model was developed to reduce the batch time required for the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride in order to improve the productivity by continuous dosage of a fast initiator during polymerization reaction. The model was accompanied by a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, so as to optimize the initiator dosage rate during the process for a certain conversion. A pilot scale reactor was employed to verify the mathematical model predictions. This showed that the model predictions are in very good agreement with the experimental data. A proper initiator dosage trajectory during the course of the reaction was obtained in such a way that the reaction rate over the course of polymerization was constant and corresponded to the maximum rate in the conventional case (non-continuous addition of a mild initiator). The maximum reduction in reaction time relative to conventional polymerization for the predefined conversion was 53%. Analyzing the molecular characteristics of the samples showed that the molecular characteristics of the final poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) product remained relatively unchanged under an optimum initiator dosage trajectory compared with the conventional process.     

Polymerization of epoxides and vinyl monomers by nitrosyl hexafluorophosphate

Summary The polymerization of certain 1,2-epoxides, styrene and n-butyl vinyl ether has been accomplished by the use of nitrosyl hexafluorophosphate as the initiator. Heretofor, nitrosyl hexafluorophosphate has been known as an initiator only for tetrahydrofuran. The polymers prepared had broad molecular weight distributions.Nitrosyl hexafluorophosphate (NOPP₆) has been used to initiate the polymerization of tetrahydrofuran (ECKSTEIN and DREYFUSS, 1979; SEUNG, et al., 1981). In this communication we report on the use of NOPF₆ for the polymerization of three 1,2-epoxides, namely styrene oxide (SO), cyclohexene oxide (CHO), and 1,2-epoxybutane (EB). In addition, styrene (S) and n-butyl vinyl ether (nBVE) were also polymerized with this initiator.