冷轧薄板接触弧长的确定及轧制压力计算

本文在计算冷轧薄板接触弧长度和轧制压力时,不仅考虑轧辊弹性变形,而且也考虑轧件弹性变形。把变形区分为入口弹性区、塑性区和出口弹性区。应用弹性力学基本方程、塑性条件和平板压缩理论导出了入口弹性区和出口弹性区单位宽度轧制力公式及塑性区平均单位压力公式。应用弹性接触理论和变形区的几何关系导出了计算冷轧薄板接触弧长度公式。最后给出了考虑轧辊和轧件弹性变形时计算冷轧薄板的总的轧制力公式。该公式不仅适用于一般工程计算,而且也能为在线控制的电子计算机提供较为精确的轧制力数学模型。     

非稳态轧制过程的热力耦合刚塑性有限元模拟

采用三维大变形热力耦合刚塑性有限元法对平板轧制咬入阶段进行仿真,仿真条件与实际轧制过程一致。将仿真结果与实际生产数据进行比较,结果表明采用该方法对非稳态轧制过程进行仿真是可行并且可靠的。研究了非稳态阶段的轧制力分布特点和轧件的变形特点,分析了轧件表面温度对头部厚跃现象的影响规律。     

AZ31镁合金热轧制工艺及数值模拟研究

针对AZ31镁合金平板的轧制过程进行试验研究,通过控制温度及不同道次的压下率等工艺条件,最终将36mm厚的镁合金铸锭,压制成厚度为1mm的板材.同时运用MSC.Marc软件,采用显式弹塑性有限元法对AZ31镁合金平板的轧制过程进行热-机耦合三维数值模拟.对轧件在轧制过程的金属流动、温度、应力及应变分布等特点进行分析,并与实际试验结果进行对比,验证了模拟结果的准确性.     

非稳态轧制过程的热力耦合刚塑性有限元模拟

采用三维大变形热力耦合刚塑性有限元法对平板轧制咬入阶段进行仿真,仿真条件与实际轧制过程一致。将仿真结果与实际生产数据进行比较,结果表明采用该方法对非稳态轧制过程进行仿真是可行并且可靠的。研究了非稳态阶段的轧制力分布特点和轧件的变形特点,分析了轧件表面温度对头部厚跃现象的影响规律。
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中厚板轧制过程的三维显式动力学有限元分析

运用显式动力学有限元方法对中厚板轧制过程进行模拟计算.通过分析计算结果得出,在稳定轧制阶段,轧件沿截面高度方向应力和应变呈不均匀分布状态.绘制测试节点的速度时程曲线,分析沿轧件应力应变场分布不均的原因.计算出不同轧制压下率下的轧制压力分布曲线,并分析轧制压力的分布特点.分析结果与实验研究的结论相符合,表明显式动力学有限元法的可靠性.     

薄板轧制力的研究与模拟分析

薄板冷轧过程中,轧制力的计算与研究是关键.本文综合考虑了轧辊弹性变形与轧件的弹塑性变形,采用数值迭代法对轧制力进行了推导分析,并建立了轧制力计算模型,最后运用有限元模拟软件ANSYS对轧制过程进行了模拟分析,从而验证了此计算公式正确性.     

基于影响函数法的轧制压力横向分布规律分析

轧制压力横向分布直接影响轧辊的弹性变形和轧件的出口厚度分布。文中基于影响函数矩阵法,对轧机辊系受力和弹性变形进行计算分析,研究轧制过程中弯辊力和压下率对轧制力横向分布的影响,揭示轧制压力横向分布系数与弯辊力呈近似线性增长、与压下率呈近似线性减小的规律。分析表明,通过调节弯辊力或在轧制规程中改变压下率设定,可改变轧制压力的分布。为轧制压力横向分布函数的在线快速计算和板凸度控制模型的建立提供基础。     

箔带轧制的三维接触有限元分析

基于对三维多体接触问题有限元混合法基本原理及接触面的定解条件和判定条件的分析 ,本文将箔带轧机辊系及轧件组成的辊带系统视为三维多体接触问题 ,建立了接触有限元分析模型。对某厂四辊铝箔轧机初轧工况进行了数值计算 ,求得了辊缝内轧制压力的真实分布规律 ,充分揭示了箔带轧制过程中非轧制辊面存在压靠的事实。最后 ,针对来料板凸度对轧件板形的影响进行了有限元仿真分析 ,得出了与轧制规程图分析法一致的结论     

工艺参数对多楔轧件接口质量的影响规律

楔横轧多楔成形工艺是生产长轴类零件的先进方法,但生产过程中模具工艺参数对轧件接口质量的影响比较复杂。根据楔横轧多楔模具的工艺特点,建立多楔轧制长轴类零件的三维有限元模型。基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元模拟软件,在不同模具工艺参数下对多楔轧制过程进行了有限元模拟,得到模具工艺参数对轧件接口质量的影响规律。在与模拟工艺参数相同的条件下进行轧制试验,试验结果和模拟结果一致。通过对理论模拟和轧制试验获得结果的分析,得到工艺参数中过渡角对轧件的接口质量影响最大、展宽角对轧件接口质量影响最小的结论。综合考虑各工艺参数的影响,给出保证轧件接口质量良好的过渡角选择范围。研究结果为多楔成形长轴类零件的模具设计提供理论依据和参考。     

板宽对轧辊受力分布的影响规律

轧辊受力分布的形态直接影响轧辊的弹性变形和轧件的出口板凸度.基于影响函数法,对轧机辊系受力和轧辊弹性变形进行计算分析,研究了轧制过程中板宽对轧制压力、辊间压力横向分布的影响.分析表明,边部轧制压力先随着板宽的增大而增大,达到某极值点后又逐渐减小;而随着板宽的增大辊间平均压力增大,压力分布变得不均并向轧辊端部集中;这些规律为不同板宽轧件的轧制规程安排、轧辊磨损的计算分析以及轧件出口板凸度的计算模型与控制提供了基础.     

Simulation of the cold rolling of strip using an elastic-plastic finite element technique

Strip rolling is simulated using an elastic-plastic finite element technique which includes the extent of both elastic and plastic deformation outside the nominal contact deformation zone. Solutions for non-steady and steady-state rolling are obtained. The stress and strain distributions within the workpiece, the velocity fields (absolute and relative to the roll surface), and the normal pressure and shear stress distributions along the arc of contact are calculated. Analyses are conducted with different levels of friction, material properties, workpiece dimensions and reductions. The results are compared with previous theoretical and experimental work, with which good agreement is found. The usefulness of numerical analyses for the investigation of parameters relevant to industrial rolling practice is demonstrated.     

Effect of contact configuration on the durability and friction coefficient of pressure‐sprayed MoS2 coatings under fretting conditions

Fretting wear is often found at the contact surfaces of a tight assembly where small‐amplitude oscillatory movement occurs, which can be the concealed origin of some enormous accidents. Employment of solid lubrication coatings, as one of effective measurements to palliate the fretting damage, has been widely acknowledged. The present work studied the fretting behaviour of a molybdenum disulphide coating on SUS 316 stainless steel substrate by a relatively cheap and easy‐to‐use process: pressure spraying. Two contact configurations (cylinder‐on‐flat and ball‐on‐flat) were used in the tests with different displacement amplitudes (from 5 to 75 µm) and normal loads (from 100 to 400 N for ball‐on‐flat and from 400 to 1000 N for cylinder‐on‐flat). The results showed that large displacement amplitude is adverse to friction coefficient and coating lifetime and that under a critical contact pressure, coating endurance is improved contact pressure increases. Contact configuration influences friction coefficient by changing contact area and distribution of contact pressure. One master curve of average dissipated energy per cycle in initial stable stage was obtained for two contact configurations, which can be employed to approximately predict coating lifetime. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Numerical simulation of wheel rolling over rail at high-speeds

In the paper, a contact element method was used to analyze a wheel rolling over a rail at high-speeds. The rolling contact of the wheel and rail was considered as a two-dimensional rolling contact in a pure rolling and steady state. The loads applied to the wheel are the different axle-loads of train and the inertia forces caused by accelerations of the wheel in its pure rolling state. The convergence of non-linear numerical analysis on frictional contact was reached through repeated contact calculations. The normal contact pressure and tangential traction on wheel/rail contact surface were obtained for the different axle-loads and the different rolling speeds. The highest rolling speed in the numerical simulation is 400 km/h. Through the detailed numerical simulation and analysis, it was found that there exist some differences between the traditional Hertzian contact pressure and the present normal pressure. With the speed increasing the normal contact pressure becomes larger in the leading area of the contact surface, and becomes smaller in the trailing area of the contact surface. However, in the trailing area the tangential traction become larger, and in the leading area becomes smaller with the speed increasing.     

A robust model for rolling of thin strip and foil

A new analysis for cold rolling of thin strip and foil is developed. This model follows the approach of Fleck et al. [8], but relaxes their assumption of a central flat neutral zone. Instead of following their inverse method to obtain the pressure distribution in this neutral zone, an explicit equation for the contact pressure variation is obtained from the sticking condition in this region. This significantly simplifies the solution method, leading to a much more robust algorithm. Moreover the method treats the cases either where the roll retains its circular arc or where there is very significant roll deformation in the same way, greatly simplifying the method of obtaining solutions. This will facilitate the incorporation of other effects such as the friction models currently being developed. Results are in line with the theory of Fleck et al. [8]. The effect of entry and exit tensions on the non-dimensional load and forward slip is investigated. It is found that the effect of equal entry and exit tensions is equivalent to reducing the yield stress of the strip by this tension stress.     

The Effect of Dwell Time on the Static Friction in Creeping Elastic–Plastic Polymer Spherical Contact

A theoretical model is developed to study the effect of dwell time on the junction growth and static friction of a creeping polymer sphere in contact with a rigid flat under full stick contact condition. A rapid normal loading into the elastic–plastic contact regime is followed by a rest period during which creep takes place causing contact area growth, and stress relaxation that can completely eliminate the plastic zone in the sphere. At the end of this rest time, an increasing tangential loading is applied to the flat till sliding inception occurs. During this loading step, further increase of the contact area and reappearing of a plastic zone in the sphere take place. An increase in static friction resulting from the dwell time during the creep stage is clearly demonstrated and explained.     

Changes in the stress field in the elastohydrodynamic contact zone due to some operating factors and their possible role in the rolling contact fatigue of cylindrical surfaces

A theoretical analysis has been carried out of changes in the stress field in the elastohydrodynamic contact zone of cylindrical surfaces due to operating variables. Their possible role in rolling contact fatigue has been assessed by accelerated rolling contact fatigue tests. The results show that changes of the elastohydrodynamic pressure distribution in the contact zone associated with increase of the viscosity-velocity parameter induce considerable changes in the stress field in the contact zone. The poor correlation of rolling contact fatigue life with material effects according to elastohydrodynamic theory and the considerable changes in rolling contact fatigue life due to lubrication effects suggests that the explanation lies outside elastohydrodynamic theory and possibly in the theory of asperity lubrication.     

两种型面轮轨滚动接触应力分析

利用非Hertz滚动接触理论分析计算了磨耗型轮对、锥型轮对与钢轨之间滚动接触斑的作用力分布。再利用弹性力学中Bossinesq-Cerruti力/位移计算公式并借助Gauss数值积分方法,确定了两种型面轮轨滚动接触时体内的弹性位移、应变和应力的分布情况。数据结果为轮轨型面优化设计和轨底坡的设计提供了重要的参考依据。     

冷轧铝工作区的混合润滑特性研究

为研究冷轧铝工作区的混合润滑特性,基于平均流量理论建立考虑表面粗糙度的冷轧铝工作区混合润滑模型,并通过相关文献的数据验证模型的正确性.在不同轧制速度、润滑油黏度以及前后张应力条件下对整个工作区内的润滑特性进行分析,研究轧制工艺参数对油膜厚度、接触面积比以及应力分布的影响.仿真结果表明:随着轧制速度的提高,轧制压力有一定...     

Fretting wear behaviour of polymethylmethacrylate under linear motions and torsional contact conditions

The fretting wear behaviour of PMMA against a rigid counterface has been investigated under various contact zone kinematic conditions. A specific device has been used in order to achieve load axis spin or stationary rolling motions in a contact between a PMMA flat and a steel ball. Wear processes under such conditions have been investigated by means of laser profilometry and in-situ optical observations of the contact area during tests. Very different wear patterns were produced depending on the contact kinematics. For stationary rolling conditions, the progressive accumulation and compaction of debris induced the formation of a single ripple located in the middle of the contact. Very little debris was found to be eliminated from the contact and the resulting wear was quite low. On the other hand, little accumulation of debris was observed for torsional contact conditions and the wear was drastically enhanced. These results are analysed by considering the effects of contact zone kinematics on particle detachment and third body elimination.     

润滑条件下旋转轴唇形密封件磨损分析

将全局网络重构的有限元方法与润滑条件下的数值计算模型相结合,分析油封在润滑条件下的磨损过程中,唇口轮廓、接触压力、最大接触压力、泵吸率和摩擦扭矩等密封性能参数的变化趋势。模拟结果表明：油封磨损可以分为2个阶段,第一阶段为初期磨损阶段,该阶段唇口的磨损速率较大,最大接触压力也呈现较大的下降趋势;第二阶段为稳定磨损阶段,该阶段磨损速率较小,磨损量也较小,最大接触压力变化趋势趋于平缓;唇口轮廓的磨损程度随着磨损时间的增加而逐渐趋于平缓,并且空气侧的磨损程度比油侧更为严重;泵吸率呈现出先下降后上升的变化趋势,说明磨损会导致的唇尖材料损失,会引起油封密封性能的不稳定;摩擦扭矩由于受磨损导致的径向力和润滑油剪切作用相互变化的叠加影响,呈现上升的趋势。