粉煤灰显微结构与流态化脱炭实验

在分析粉煤灰显微结构的基础上，提出了采用流态化方法脱除粉煤灰中残余炭并提高粉煤灰活性的基本思路，流态化分选实验表明：这种思路是有效的，这一思路将为解决我国粉煤灰的综合利用问题提供有益的借鉴。     

粉煤灰分选、脱炭及生产工艺研究

针对国内火力发电厂粉煤灰未燃炭含量过高的问题,对粉煤灰的理化特征、未燃炭在粉煤灰颗粒中的分布进行了研究,分析比较了不同分选、脱炭技术及分选、脱炭生产工艺流程,分析了粉煤灰分选脱炭的经济效益.     

粉煤灰脱炭研究进展及展望

为了提高粉煤灰质量,实现粉煤灰的高效脱炭技术发展,促进粉煤灰资源可回收利用,介绍了粉煤灰脱炭的3种方法,即浮选法、重选法和电选法,其中,浮选法主要依据矿物的表面性质对粉煤灰进行脱炭;重选法依据矿物密度性质的差异对粉煤灰进行脱炭分离;电选法则依据矿物摩擦带电性质的不同进行分选。同时,对粉煤灰脱炭方法的发展趋势进行了展望,建议未来应深入研究粉煤灰性质,将脱炭方法与新型选矿设备相结合进行工业化生产,创新结合方式,如采取活性油泡与旋流静态微泡浮选柱结合的方式对粉煤灰进行脱炭处理。     

太西无烟煤基粉煤灰摩擦电选脱炭试验研究

针对太西无烟煤基粉煤灰未燃炭含量偏高的问题,研究分析了三种不同组分的粉煤灰理化特性,对三种粉煤灰进行了摩擦电选脱炭研究,确定了初步工艺流程,为今后粉煤灰的综合利用做好了前期准备工作。     

气固流态化干法选煤技术现状

介绍了固体颗粒流态化的概念,分析了在流化床内固体颗粒经历的固定床阶段、流态化阶段和输送阶段的变化过程及各阶段颗粒状态,列举了国内外科研人员在采用流态化技术进行干法选煤及选矿方面的研究进展。     

非线性电场中电选粉煤灰颗粒分离过程研究

在粉煤灰摩擦电选脱炭中,针对颗粒因带电荷质比小导致分选效率不高的问题,提出了一种新的非线性电场结构;在建立非线性电场二维模型和数学模型的基础上,对带电粉煤灰颗粒的运动过程进行了数值模拟,深入研究了颗粒荷质比、入射速度、电场强度和极板最小间距等因素对粉煤灰颗粒分离行为的影响,探索了非线性电场用于74μm粉煤灰颗粒高效脱炭的可行性,获得了操作参数的合理范围,为实现粉煤灰电选高效脱炭提供了新思路。     

生物炭干法同时脱硫脱硝脱汞研究进展

从制备方法、同时脱除的影响因素等方面对生物炭干法同时脱硫脱硝脱汞进行了综述,结合国内外研究现状,介绍了贵金属、过渡金属、卤素对脱硫脱硝脱汞的影响。最后对同时脱硫脱硝脱汞技术的发展趋势和前景进行了展望。     

干法造粒炉黑臭氧氧化流化床技术的开发 (Ⅰ)干法炉黑物料的流动特性评价及流化床床型的选择

采用目前流态化领域常用的方法（Ｇｅｌｄａｒｔ分类法、判断散式、聚式流态化的公式法和流化床床层塌落法）,对干法炉黑物料在流化床内的流动特性进行评价,为干法炉黑臭氧氧化流化床床型的选择提供合理依据     

空气重介流化床干法选煤技术

<正> 前言空气重介流化床干法选煤技术是将流态化技术应用于煤炭干法分选领域的一种高效干选技术,其特点是以气——固悬浮体作为分选介质,不同于目前选煤中普遍采用的以水作为介质的跳汰、重介和浮选,也不同于风力分选。因此这项干法选煤技术无论在国内     

粉煤灰综合处理设备流程及设备选型

江西某能源公司对湿排粉煤灰进行浮选脱炭,再对脱碳后的粉煤灰进行烧干、磨细、分选处理使其成一级粉煤灰和超细粉煤灰,介绍了该综合利用过程所需设备、流程及特点。     

回收粉煤灰中未燃炭和降低碳含量的浮选研究

针对粉煤灰中未燃炭含量过高不利于大规模综合利用的问题,从理论上分析了浮选回收粉煤灰中未燃炭的基本原理,采用全浮选流程对粉煤灰中未燃炭进行了浮选回收试验,探讨了影响粉煤灰中未燃炭浮选效果的主要因素,确定了适宜的工艺条件。试验结果表明,采用全浮选流程可以使粉煤灰中可燃物降至4.1%左右。     

回收粉煤灰中未燃炭和降低碳含量的选研究

针对粉煤灰中未燃炭含量过高不利于大规模综合利用的问题,从理论上分析了浮选回收粉煤灰中未燃炭的基本原理,采用全浮选流程对粉煤灰中未燃炭进行了浮选回收试验,探讨了影响粉煤灰中未燃炭浮选效果的主要因素,确定了适宜的工艺条件.试验结果表明,采用全浮选流程可以使粉煤灰中可燃物降至4.1%左右.     

Prediction of unburnt carbon in tangentially fired boiler using Indian coals

Accurate prediction of percentage unburnt carbon in fly ash in the case of high ash content Indian coal, at the design stage, is generally difficult. In the present paper, a large number of laboratory test data and site data are used to understand the mechanism of unburnt carbon in fly ash as well as in bottom ash. Rigorous statistical analysis of the performance data taken from tangentially fired boilers shows that empirical correlation between a combination of coal properties and percentage unburnt carbon in fly ash exist. Equations to predict percentage unburnt carbon in fly ash and bottom ash have been proposed.     

Size distribution of unburned carbon in coal fly ash and its implications

A set of nine coal fly ashes, obtained from various US utilities, were fractionated by standard dry-sieving techniques. The carbon contents of the different size fractions were measured, and the nature of the carbon particles was microscopically examined. Significant differences were found in the distribution of carbon in class F and class C ashes. The ‘foam index’ test is commonly used for quick evaluation of the suitability, with respect to air entrainment, of pozzolanic additives for concrete. This test measures adsorption of air entraining admixtures (AEAs) by the carbon in the fly ash. Application of this test to the different ash fractions confirmed that the smallest particle size fractions of ash make the major contribution to AEA adsorption. The carbon from class F ash has a comparable capacity for AEA adsorption as carbon from class C ash, when compared on a surface area basis. What makes the class C carbons apparently ‘worse’ is the fact that they have much higher surface areas than class F carbons (and it is only by virtue of the low carbon mass in most class C ashes that problems with these ashes are not more common). The importance of accessibility of the surface is also clearly seen from these results.     

外部流化床燃烧气化反应器的试验研究

针对循环流化床气化炉普遍存在的飞灰及底渣含碳量高、煤炭利用率低、气化效率不高等问题，研制了外部流化床燃烧气化反应器。通过冷态试验，研究了外部流化床燃烧气化反应器的布风板空板阻力和料层阻力与流化风量的关系，测定了飞灰在反应器内的停留时间，研究了外部流化床燃料气化反应器的输送特性。试验证明外部流化床燃烧气化反应器对于降低循环流化床气化炉飞灰和底含碳量是完全可行的。     

The impact of fly ash resistivity and carbon content on electrostatic precipitator performance

Despite the wide use of electrostatic precipitators for particulate control in pulverised coal combustion, there are still some aspects surrounding the performance of these devices which are not fully understood, particularly with respect to high carbon ash. The introduction of low NO_x burners to meet more stringent emissions regulations has also resulted in an increase in the carbon present in fly ash. An investigation was carried to assess how the operating conditions of a pilot-scale single-stage electrostatic precipitator test facility (ESPTF) affected the collection efficiency of two high carbon fly ashes. Whilst our findings demonstrated the effectiveness of the ESPTF in collecting both fly ash and carbon particles, the performance of the high-resistivity fly ash was significantly better than expected, particularly at higher temperatures. It was concluded that ESP performance of any particular fly ash and the separation of the carbon fraction may not necessarily be predicted by its resistivity alone.     

飞灰快速水化团聚颗粒的热态磨耗研究

利用热态磨耗实验台研究快速水化团聚颗粒在流化床中热态条件下的磨耗特征.研究表明,飞灰团聚用水量、添加剂用量和流化速度是影响飞灰团聚颗粒磨耗速率大小的关键因素.随着流化速度的降低和添加剂用量的提高,团聚颗粒的磨耗速率降低.飞灰团聚用水量在40%左右时,团聚颗粒磨耗速率最低.亦即在上述条件下团聚颗粒在流化床中停留时间相对较长,进而飞灰碳降低的幅度和自由氧化钙的利用率可能较大.     

Classification of carbon in Canadian fly ashes and their implications in the capture of mercury

Fly ashes produced from Canadian power plants using pulverized coal and fluidized bed combustors were examined for their carbon content to determine their ability to capture mercury. The feed coal used in these power plants were lignite, subbituminous, high and medium volatile bituminous, their blends, and also blends of coal with petroleum coke (Petcoke). The carbon and mercury content of the coals and fly ashes were determined using the ASTM standard method and by the cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry method. The carbon content of the fly ash was concentrated by strong acid digestion using HCl and HF. The quantitative and qualitative analyses of the carbon concentrate were made by using a reflected light microscope. The results show that the carbon content of fly ash appears to be partially related to depositional environment during coalification and to the rank of the coal. The Hg captured by the fly ash depends on the rank and blend of the feed coals and the type of carbon in the fly ash. The isotropic vitrinitic char is mostly responsible for the capture of most Hg in fly ash. The inadvertent increase in carbon content due to the blending of coal with petroleum coke did not increase the amount Hg captured by the fly ash. The fly ash collected by the hot side electrostatic precipitator has a low Hg content and no relation between the Hg and carbon content of the ash was observed. These results indicate that the quantity of carbon in the fly ash alone does not determine the amount Hg captured. The types of carbon present (isotropic and anisotropic vitrinitic, isotropic inertinitic and anisotropic Petcoke), the halogen content, the types of fly ash control devices, and the temperatures of the fly ash control devices all play major roles in the capture of Hg.     

降低循环流化床锅炉飞灰含碳量的因素分析

循环流化床锅炉的飞灰含碳量是锅炉燃烧工况好坏的直接反映 ,其对锅炉的热效率的影响是很大的 ,它还直接影响着粉煤灰的综合开发和利用 .在对云天化循环流化床锅炉的生产实验研究中 ,分析了影响循环流化床锅炉飞灰含碳量的各种因素 (床温、煤质煤粒、一次风、二次风、床压和旋风分离器效率等 ) ,通过实验研究找到了降低循环流化床锅炉飞灰含碳量的具体而又行之有效的操作方法 ,以指导实际生产 .