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1.
Martin Schrepp 《Universal Access in the Information Society》2006,5(2):180-188
An efficient keyboard access to Web sites is highly important for many groups of disabled users. However, the current design of most Web sites makes the efficient keyboard navigation nearly impossible. This paper investigates the performance of the keyboard and mouse navigation in Web pages. The comparison is based on the theoretical arguments and on two small studies. The results show that the current amount of keyboard support in common Web sites is far from being sufficient. Typical problems concerning keyboard support in Web sites are discussed, along with possible solutions and the related constraints.
相似文献
Martin SchreppEmail: |
2.
Zhangxi Lin Sathya Ramanathan Huimin Zhao 《Information Systems and E-Business Management》2005,3(3):221-242
Web services technology is becoming an important technological trend in Web application development and integration. Based on open standards, such as SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI, Web services allow Web-based applications to communicate with each other through standardized XML messaging and to form loosely coupled distributed systems. Although the open feature of Web services benefits service providers in servicing consumers, the unlimited computing resources access of Web services to network bandwidth, storage throughput, and CPU time may lead to overexploitation of the resources when applications based on the Web services technology are widely accepted. Therefore, it is critical to optimize the operation of Web services, subject to the QoS requirements of service requests, to assure the total benefits of the service providers and the service consumers. This paper proposes a usage-based dynamic pricing approach to optimizing resource allocation of Web services in the principle of economics, and reports on a pilot implementation demonstrating the technical feasibility of the proposed approach.
相似文献
Huimin ZhaoEmail: |
3.
Rafael Romero Zúnica Vicenta Ávila Clemente 《Universal Access in the Information Society》2007,6(1):103-110
The results of an online questionnaire for Spanish-speaking Internet users with visual impairment are presented in this work.
The research was carried out during 2002. The data collected shows that Internet is a very valuable tool for visually impaired
people, as it allows them to access written information in an autonomous and instantaneous manner and to communicate with
others through individual email and discussion lists. However, all users found frequent and important problems of accessibility
in many web pages that prevent them from having complete access to the information and functionalities of those websites.
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Vicenta ávila ClementeEmail: |
4.
Caroline Jay Robert Stevens Mashhuda Glencross Alan Chalmers Cathy Yang 《Universal Access in the Information Society》2007,6(3):307-320
It is well known that many Web pages are difficult to use for visually disabled people. Without access to a rich visual display,
the intended structure and organisation of the page is obscured. To fully understand what is missing from the experience of
visually disabled users, it is pertinent to ask how the presentation of Web pages on a standard display makes them easier
for sighted people to use. This paper reports on an exploratory eye tracking study that addresses this issue by investigating
how sighted readers use the presentation of the BBC News Web page to search for a link. The standard page presentation is
compared with a “text-only” version, demonstrating both qualitatively and quantitatively that the removal of the intended
presentation alters “reading” behaviours. The demonstration that the presentation of information assists task completion suggests
that it should be re-introduced to non-visual presentations if the Web is to become more accessible. The conducted study also
explored the extent to which algorithms that generate maps of what is perceptually salient on a page match the gaze data recorded
in the eye tracking study. The correspondence between a page’s presentation, knowledge of what is visually salient, and how
people use these features to complete a task might offer an opportunity to re-model a Web page to maximise access to its most
important parts.
相似文献
Cathy YangEmail: |
5.
IMS is the only standardized way to offer IP based services that are enabled by one common core and all types of access networks
and devices. The management of devices can benefit services enabling and improve user experience. This paper presents the
device management issues in the IMS. Requirements of device management are presented and a management architecture is proposed
to satisfy the requirements. The architecture utilizes distributed design by separating management and executing functionalities
and provides service provisioning and tracing functionalities to application servers utilizing some IMS capabilities. Some
approaches to integrate more IMS capabilities in device management architecture are discussed. A possible evaluation model
for quality of device management from the perspective of user and management authority is proposed.
相似文献
Jianxin LiaoEmail: |
6.
Tactile web browsing for blind people 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Information on the World Wide Web becomes more and more important for our society. For blind people this is a chance to access
more information for their everyday life. In this paper we propose novel methods to present web pages including graphical
information on a tactile output device. We present a Mozilla Firefox Extension for the tactile rendering of web pages and
for the handling of user interactions. This approach benefits from the Firefox built-in web page handling including parsing
of HTML documents, formatting with cascading style sheets (CSS), handling of dynamic web content controlled by JavaScript
code, etc. Graphical information can be explored and filtered interactively in a special mode for raster images and Scalable
Vector Graphics (SVG). Mathematical expressions encoded in the mathematical markup language (MathML) are transformed directly
into LaTeX or into a notation for blind people. The tactile web browser supports feedback that is provided via voice output.
相似文献
Thomas ErtlEmail: |
7.
An adaptive personalized news dissemination system 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ioannis Katakis Grigorios Tsoumakas Evangelos Banos Nick Bassiliades Ioannis Vlahavas 《Journal of Intelligent Information Systems》2009,32(2):191-212
With the explosive growth of the Word Wide Web, information overload became a crucial concern. In a data-rich information-poor
environment like the Web, the discrimination of useful or desirable information out of tons of mostly worthless data became
a tedious task. The role of Machine Learning in tackling this problem is thoroughly discussed in the literature, but few systems
are available for public use. In this work, we bridge theory to practice, by implementing a web-based news reader enhanced
with a specifically designed machine learning framework for dynamic content personalization. This way, we get the chance to
examine applicability and implementation issues and discuss the effectiveness of machine learning methods for the classification
of real-world text streams. The main features of our system named PersoNews are: (a) the aggregation of many different news
sources that offer an RSS version of their content, (b) incremental filtering, offering dynamic personalization of the content
not only per user but also per each feed a user is subscribed to, and (c) the ability for every user to watch a more abstracted
topic of interest by filtering through a taxonomy of topics. PersoNews is freely available for public use on the WWW ().
相似文献
Ioannis VlahavasEmail: |
8.
Tanya Goette Caroline Collier Jennifer Daniels White 《Universal Access in the Information Society》2006,5(1):41-50
This paper focuses on Web accessibility. Relevant legislation and judicial decisions are reviewed, and prior empirical research is presented. This study presents the results from the Web accessibility analysis of the home pages of the 50 states and the District of Columbia. It found that twenty-nine percent of the home pages do not meet the requirements for Conformance Level A Web accessibility. Only one state meets Conformance Level AA standards, which are the minimum standards recommended for Web accessibility, and no state meets Conformance Level AAA standards. This paper also discusses how to address common accessibility problems.
相似文献
Tanya GoetteEmail: Phone: +1-478-4455721 |
9.
WS-CDL+ for web service collaboration 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
10.
This paper describes how a personalised educational game architecture has been used in conjunction with Web services to provide
remote access to the system. The educational game is a virtual reality adventure game that performs affective user modelling
by measuring emotional characteristics of users. Virtual reality (VR) games are so popular among children and adolescents
that can be used for the purposes of educational software to render it more attractive and motivating. The benefits of such
an application can be maximised if it is available over the Web. Software applications that operate over the Web are targeted
to a wide range of users. Hence they need a high degree of adaptivity and dynamic individualisation to each user that interacts
with the application. This should include the students’ emotional state that affects their learning. However, the environment
of a Web-based VR-game that performs user modelling is so demanding that the technology of Web services is necessary for its
effective operation and interoperability. Moreover, reusability may be achieved for the user modelling component.
相似文献
Maria VirvouEmail: |
11.
12.
Requirements analysis for Web applications still needs to employ effective RE practices to accommodate some distinctive aspects: capturing high-level communication goals, considering several user profiles, defining hypermedia-specific requirements, bridging the gap between requirements and Web design, and reusing requirements for an effective usability evaluation. Techniques should be usable, informal, require little training effort, and show relative advantage to project managers. On the basis of the i * framework, this paper presents a proposal for defining hypermedia requirements (concerning aspects such as content, interaction, navigation, and presentation) for Web applications. The model adopts a goal-driven approach coupled with scenario-based techniques, introduces a hypermedia requirement taxonomy to facilitate Web conceptual design, and paves the way for systematic usability evaluation. Particular attention is paid to the empirical validation of the model based on the perceived quality attributes theory. A case study developed with industrial partners is discussed.
相似文献
Davide BolchiniEmail: Fax: +41-91-9124647 |
13.
Access to legal information and, in particular, to legal literature is examined for the creation of a search and retrieval
system for Italian legal literature. The design and implementation of services such as integrated access to a wide range of
resources are described, with a particular focus on the importance of exploiting metadata assigned to disparate legal material.
The integration of structured repositories and Web documents is the main purpose of the system: it is constructed on the basis
of a federation system with service provider functions, aiming at creating a centralized index of legal resources. The index
is based on a uniform metadata view created for structured data by means of the OAI approach and for Web documents by a machine
learning approach, which, in this paper, has been assessed as regards document classification. Semantic searching is a major
requirement for legal literature users and a solution based on the exploitation of Dublin Core metadata, as well as the use
of legal ontologies and related terms prepared for accessing indexed articles have been implemented.
相似文献
E. FrancesconiEmail: |
14.
Information systems design: through adaptivity to ubiquity 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Roland Kaschek Claire Matthews Klaus-Dieter Schewe Catherine Wallace 《Information Systems and E-Business Management》2006,4(2):137-158
In a globalised economy the accessibility of services becomes increasingly important for businesses. This has led to a demand
that information systems should be ubiquitous in the sense that they are available to all users under all circumstances, everywhere
and at all times, and independent of the access devices and channels used. The authors believe the key to meeting that demand
is existence of an omnipresent media of interaction and existence of information systems that within that media adapt themselves
to context parameters at run-time. The World Wide Web is considered as that omnipresent media. Thus, the task is left to design
adaptive information systems in a way that avoids unnecessary replication. In this article it will be shown how context parameters
can be utilised to enable system adaptivity. The latter is supposed to increase usability and targets the quality of use,
the content, and the functionality. We propose using an algebraic approach that aids in providing the leanest appropriate
interface via user typing and story boarding. Our approach furthermore limits the content delivered to a user to the amount
that can be dealt with in a usage scenario. The latter is based on defining hyphenation points within the content.
相似文献
Roland Kaschek (Corresponding author)Email: |
Claire MatthewsEmail: |
Klaus-Dieter ScheweEmail: |
15.
Users access information services with a variety of devices and with different interaction modes that depend on personal characteristics (including disabilities) and on the context of usage. With the appearance of mobile devices, the industry has focused its efforts on the standardization of device characteristics, thus giving to information providers some content adaptation facilities. However, little attention has been paid to the standardization of user profiles that will allow further customization and adaptation capabilities in mainstream services. This paper will present the authors experiences in outlining and implementing user profiles, as well as possible integration paths with device characteristics.
相似文献
Carlos A. VelascoEmail: |
16.
Martijn H. Vastenburg Philip R. Ross David V. Keyson 《Universal Access in the Information Society》2007,6(1):1-13
The complex control problem of creating home atmospheres using light, music, and projected wall-art can be reduced by focusing
on desired experience, rather than product functions and features. A case study is described in which subjective interpretations
of living room atmospheres were measured and embedded into a prototype display system. A personalization mechanism is proposed
to manage individual differences in atmosphere ratings, enabling a user model to evolve over time. To create a meaningful
and simple control mechanism for a wide range of users, three interfaces were developed and studied, ranging from concrete
to abstract control and from structured to exploratory navigation.
相似文献
Martijn H. VastenburgEmail: |
17.
Youcef Baghdadi 《Information Systems Frontiers》2006,8(5):395-410
Service-oriented computing (SOC) is the computing paradigm that utilizes services as a fundamental building block. Services
are self-describing, open components intended to support composition of distributed applications. Currently, Web services
provide a standard-based realization of SOC due to: (1) the machine-readable format (XML) of their functional and nonfunctional
specifications, and (2) their messaging protocols built on top of the Internet. However, how to methodologically identify,
specify, design, deploy and manage a sound and complete set of Web services to move to a service-oriented architecture (SOA)
is still an issue. This paper describes a process for reverse engineering relational database applications architecture into
SOA architecture, where SQL statements are insulated from the applications, factored, implemented, and registered as Web services
to be discovered, selected, and reused in composing e-business solutions. The process is based on two types of design patterns:
schema transformation pattern and CRUD operations pattern. First, the schema transformation pattern allows an identification
of the services. Then the CRUD operations pattern allows a specification of the abstract part of the identified services,
namely their port types. This process is implemented as a CASE tool, which assists analysts specifying services that implement
common, reusable, basic business logic and data manipulation.
相似文献
Youcef BaghdadiEmail: |
18.
19.
In scheduling hard-real-time systems, the primary objective is to meet all deadlines. We study the scheduling of such systems
with the secondary objective of minimizing the duration of time for which the system locks each shared resource. We abstract
out this objective into the resource hold time (rht)—the largest length of time that may elapse between the instant that a system locks a resource and the instant that it subsequently
releases the resource, and study properties of the rht. We present an algorithm for computing resource hold times for every resource in a task system that is scheduled using Earliest
Deadline First scheduling, with resource access arbitrated using the Stack Resource Policy. We also present and prove the
correctness of algorithms for decreasing these rht’s without changing the semantics of the application or compromising application feasibility.
相似文献
Sanjoy Baruah (Corresponding author)Email: |
20.
Alex Carmichael Mark Rice David Sloan Peter Gregor 《Universal Access in the Information Society》2006,4(4):400-416
The move toward digital switchover increases content and introduces interactive services available through the television.
UK legislation advocates universal access and equitable provision of services, across all platforms and equipment, particularly
for ‘vulnerable’ groups. However, key aspects of usability and accessibility have been overlooked by those responsible for
encouraging this new infrastructure’s inclusive development. Aspects of previous interactive television provision and developments
in web accessibility appear to have been ignored, along with findings from relevant user-centred research and even from specifically
commissioned reports. This paper will identify these issues and discuss their impact on the inclusiveness of DTV.
相似文献
Alex CarmichaelEmail: |