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纤维素乙醇预处理过程效率偏低是影响纤维素乙醇发展的一个重要因素。通过改进传统蒸汽爆破预处理方法,在蒸汽爆破前加入稀酸浸渍,有效地提高了后续同步糖化发酵的水平。采用硫酸浸渍气爆预处理后的草浆同步糖化发酵乙醇质量浓度达到27.5 g/L,达到葡萄糖乙醇理论产率的81%;采用乙酸浸渍气爆预处理后的草浆同步糖化发酵乙醇质量浓度达到25.5 g/L,达到葡萄糖乙醇理论产率的77%;相比传统气爆草浆用于同步糖化发酵,稀酸预处理能有效地减少抑制物的生成,提高后续直接利用草浆进行同步糖化发酵的水平,从而提高生产效率,降低生产成本,是可应用于工业化纤维素乙醇生产的重要方法。 相似文献
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《高校化学工程学报》2016,(5)
探究并对比了稀酸和醇酸两种水解体系对工业糠醛渣纤维素的水解情况。在稀酸水解体系中,当硫酸浓度8%、水解温度101℃、水解时间3 h,纤维素水解率42.4%、葡萄糖产率27.8%、收率72.2%,在此酸浓度条件下,探究了酸醇体系的乙醇用量对糠醛渣纤维素水解的影响。在酸浓度8%、乙醇浓度40%、水解温度83℃、水解时间2.5 h下,纤维素水解率60.1%、葡萄糖产率50.9%、收率79.1%。与稀酸水解体系相比较,醇酸体系纤维素水解率提高29.4%,葡萄糖产率提高45.4%、收率提高9.6%,水解时间减少0.5 h,水解温度降低18℃。 相似文献
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利用海带渣生产燃料乙醇的初步研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对海带渣中的纤维成分进行了测定,并以海带渣为原料进行了发酵产纤维素乙醇的研究。通过实验初步建立了海带渣生产乙醇的预处理方法并确立了发酵方式,同时对南极低温纤维素酶QP7复配降解海带渣生产乙醇的效果进行了研究。实验结果表明,海带渣中纤维素含量达28.3%;稀酸预处理后,海带渣经分步糖化发酵得到的乙醇浓度高于相同条件下的秸秆乙醇浓度;在海带渣同步糖化发酵中以低温纤维素酶作为复配酶进行酶解,乙醇产量提高21%以上。海带渣作为生产纤维素乙醇的原料,具有良好的应用前景;既能为海带产业的综合利用提供新方向,而且能够为其它海藻的生物质能源开发提供数据和方法参考。 相似文献
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作为一种可再生的清洁能源,燃料乙醇的开发利用备受关注,对其发酵工艺的研究也日益深入。近年来,补料发酵工艺逐渐应用于燃料乙醇的生产研究中,并以其降低基质抑制和减轻纤维素稀酸水解液中有毒成分的影响等优点而显示了良好的发展潜力,但由于发酵过程的复杂性和对补料控制策略的研究尚不深入等存在的问题,使该技术在燃料乙醇规模化生产中的应用受到制约。本文介绍了国内外乙醇补料发酵研究的主要进展,着重概述补料发酵技术在乙醇两大重要发酵工艺——纤维素乙醇工艺和超高浓度乙醇发酵工艺中的应用以及补料调控策略等,并提出该领域进一步研究应留意的方向,如应加强乙醇补料发酵动力学和控制理论、新型传感器与在线监测技术等方面的研究。 相似文献
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谢瑶嬛曹淑贞王风芹谢慧宋安东 《纤维素科学与技术》2016,(2):93-98
利用木质纤维素水解液发酵产乙醇、丁醇已成为一种极具发展前景的可再生能源生产方式。然而,木质纤维素水解液中产生的酚类物质对发酵起抑制作用并严重阻碍溶剂产生。文章系统介绍了木质纤维素水解液中产生的酚类物质含量及其对终产物发酵的影响,综述了近年来国内外利用生物法去除酚类的效果,阐述了自脱毒发酵菌株的构建。最后,对如何提高水解液中抑制物去除率提出建议与展望。 相似文献
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以纤维素为原料生产燃料乙醇,由于其原料来源广泛及环保效益良好而被认为是最有前景的生产燃料乙醇的方法之一。在阐述我国发展纤维素乙醇必要性的基础上,综述了纤维素乙醇的浓酸水解、稀酸水解、酶水解及生物质合成气等发酵工艺及研究进展。分析了各工艺优缺点,并讨论了各工艺过程需要解决的关键技术问题,展望了纤维素乙醇的产业化前景。 相似文献
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《广东化工》2015,(23)
在利用茶籽壳中木质纤维素稀酸水解液发酵生产木糖醇的过程中,水解液须经过脱毒处理,以除去其中抑制菌体生长的有毒物质,本研究采用活性炭对茶籽壳稀酸水解液进行吸附脱毒试验,研究了不同因素对活性炭脱毒的影响,结果表明:在初始p H=2.0,以3%的活性炭添加量,在温度温度为60℃下,脱毒90 min,脱毒率可达67.29%。茶籽壳酸水解液经过石灰中和和活性炭脱毒后,采用酵母菌株直接发酵生产木糖醇。并对发酵条件进行了优化,优化结果为:初始p H为6、接种量为14%、转速200 r/min在温度为30℃下发酵120小时,在该条件下,验证实验以茶籽壳水解液发酵木糖醇产量可达到25.18 g/L。 相似文献
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以微生物代谢物进行除草剂开发的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
概述了以微生物代谢产物进行除草剂研究的主要方向,即以下5个方面:筛选微生物从中分离具有除草活性的新化合物;对高除草活性的微生物菌株的市场化研究;对微生物源高活性化合物的全合成或结构改造;对微生物源除草活性系列化合物的构效关系研究;对天然除草活性化合物的作用机制研究。这些研究表明,以微生物代谢物进行除草剂的研究仍将是除草剂开发的一个重要热点。 相似文献
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Louis J. Nisbet 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1982,32(1):251-270
New microbial metabolite screening currently requires an interdisciplinary team consisting of microbial ecologists, geneticists, molecular biologists, biochemists, microbial physiologists, fermentation technologists and chemists. The increasing difficulty in discovering new compounds of clinical potential can only be overcome by maximising the input of the above disciplines. Possible strategies for constructing a genetically diverse ‘bank’ of microorganisms, including naturally occurring and genetically manipulated strains, are reviewed. Also, the design of environmental conditions optimal for the over-production of metabolites and the types of screens that are selective for compounds of potential utility are discussed. The value of target-selective screen techniques is illustrated with experiences gained in the search for new β-lactams. 相似文献
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Francesca Comitini Alice Agarbati Laura Canonico Maurizio Ciani 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(14)
Wine can be defined as a complex microbial ecosystem, where different microorganisms interact in the function of different biotic and abiotic factors. During natural fermentation, the effect of unpredictable interactions between microorganisms and environmental factors leads to the establishment of a complex and stable microbiota that will define the kinetics of the process and the final product. Controlled multistarter fermentation represents a microbial approach to achieve the dual purpose of having a less risky process and a distinctive final product. Indeed, the interactions evolved between microbial consortium members strongly modulate the final sensorial properties of the wine. Therefore, in well-managed mixed fermentations, the knowledge of molecular mechanisms on the basis of yeast interactions, in a well-defined ecological niche, becomes fundamental to control the winemaking process, representing a tool to achieve such objectives. In the present work, the recent development on the molecular and metabolic interactions between non-Saccharomyces and Saccharomyces yeasts in wine fermentation was reviewed. A particular focus will be reserved on molecular studies regarding the role of nutrients, the production of the main byproducts and volatile compounds, ethanol reduction, and antagonistic actions for biological control in mixed fermentations. 相似文献
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从木质纤维素制备燃料乙醇的基本工艺可以分为预处理、 水解、发酵和纯化4个部分。考虑到微生物方法在工业化生产中具有的低成本优势,本文就微生物在预处理中的应用,微生物在纤维素酶生产中的应用以及微生物在乙醇发酵中的应用这三方面的研究现状进行了综述,并进一步分析了在改进原料预处理、提高纤维素酶产量和活性、扩大糖原范围、优化水解发酵工艺等方面的研究进展。 相似文献
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Joo RM Almeida Tobias Modig Anneli Petersson Brbel Hhn‐Hgerdal Gunnar Lidn Marie F Gorwa‐Grauslund 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2007,82(4):340-349
During hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass, monomeric sugars and a broad range of inhibitory compounds are formed and released. These inhibitors, which can be organized around three main groups, furans, weak acids and phenolics, reduce ethanol yield and productivity by affecting the microorganism performance during the fermentation step. Among the microorganisms that have been evaluated for lignocellulosic hydrolysate ethanol fermentation, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae appears to be the least sensitive. In order to overcome the effect of inhibitors, strategies that include improvement of natural tolerance of microorganism and use of fermentation control strategies have been developed. An overview of the origin, effects and mechanisms of action of known inhibitors on S. cerevisiae is given. Fermentation control strategies as well as metabolic, genetic and evolutionary engineering strategies to obtain S. cerevisiae strains with improved tolerance are discussed. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Biotechnological fermentation is a well-established process, however, it is far from being fully understood and exploited. A new area of fermentation technology that has evolved over the recent decades is gas fermentation. Many microorganisms have been reported in literature to be capable of utilizing a variety of gases such as CO, CO2, H2, and CH4 under anaerobic or aerobic conditions as their main carbon and/or energy source. Mostly waste stream gases from industrial plants or those that can be produced via the gasification of solids are investigated. This review focuses on the currently available scientific knowledge about gas fermentation processes, particularly anaerobic syngas fermentation and aerobic methane fermentation. Gas fermentation processes are compared with aerobic and anaerobic fermentation processes based on dissolved solid substrates. Also, the potential of gas fermentation when integrated into a biotechnological network of processes is outlined. 相似文献
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随着生物柴油产业的发展,其主要副产物粗甘油的产量也逐年增加。大量粗甘油的产生不仅给环境造成了污染,也使精制甘油的市场价格大幅度下降。甘油是一种稳定的多功能化合物,可用作精细化工合成的基本原料。利用微生物转化甘油生产各种生物基化学品,因其具有绿色环保、可持续发展等特点,越来越受到人们的重视。本文简单介绍了甘油经微生物发酵的有氧代谢途径和厌氧代谢途径,重点分析了微生物发酵技术在粗甘油转化为1,3-丙二醇、生物乙醇、乳酸、1,3-二羟基丙酮的应用,旨在为平台化合物的工业化生产提供参考。 相似文献