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为了得出水灰比和应力水平对氯离子在预应力混凝土内的传输的影响,以水泥砂浆中的氯离子扩散系数为纽带,建立了混凝土中氯离子扩散系数与水灰比的关系.引入应力水平对氯离子扩散系数的影响函数,通过试验拟合得到该影响函数的表达式,得出一定水灰比和应力水平下混凝土中氯离子扩散系数的计算模型.设计两组不同水灰比的预应力混凝土构件和普通混凝土构件,对其进行氯盐侵蚀试验,在侵蚀3个月后检测构件中的自由氯离子含量并计算表观氯离子扩散系数.结果表明,由该模型得到的氯离子扩散系数理论值与试验值的误差在可接受的范围内,说明本文计算模型具有较高的可靠性. 相似文献
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碳化、氯离子侵蚀、荷载三者共同作用对沿海地区混凝土结构耐久性具有重要影响.以C25级普通混凝土为研究对象,针对应力、碳化和氯盐三因素共同作用,借助室内试验手段,对混凝土试样进行加载及快速碳化试验,研究了耦合作用下混凝土中的氯离子迁移机理,建立了应力-碳化-氯盐多因素共同作用下的氯离子传输模型.研究表明:当碳化时间较短时,氯离子扩散系数随荷载等级的增加而不断减小;当碳化时间较长时,氯离子扩散系数在荷载等级较小阶段会有显著下降趋势,而在荷载等级达到60%极限抗压强度以上时,呈现陡增陡降的变化过程.研究成果可以完善结构耐久性设计理论和方法. 相似文献
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为探索经受冻融循环后的钢纤维混凝土在氯盐环境作用下的耐久性能,通过对冻融循环不同次数后的钢纤维混凝土试件开展氯离子侵蚀试验,分析了钢纤维掺量、冻融循环次数等因素对氯盐侵蚀环境下钢纤维混凝土耐久性的影响规律并探索了冻融损伤对钢纤维混凝土氯离子侵蚀性能的影响机理.研究结果表明:钢纤维掺量在0~1.5%范围内,钢纤维掺量越大,相同渗透深度处混凝土氯离子扩散系数越小,混凝土抵抗氯离子侵蚀的性能越好;冻融循环次数越大,钢纤维混凝土氯离子扩散系数越大,混凝土抵抗氯离子侵蚀的性能越差. 相似文献
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选取了六种常用的工程纤维,开展纤维混凝土氯离子扩散系数测试与抗压强度试验,研究分析纤维品种及龄期对混凝土抗压强度和氯离子扩散系数的影响,建立纤维混凝土抗压强度和氯离子扩散系数的定量关系.研究结果表明:纤维的掺入,提高了混凝土的抗压强度,降低了混凝土的氯离子扩散系数.纤维混凝土抗压强度随氯离子扩散系数的增大呈线性递减趋势.实际工程中,可基于混凝土抗压强度与氯离子扩散系数试验,预先建立混凝土抗压强度与氯离子扩散系数间的相关关系曲线,通过结构混凝土抗压强度检测结果,间接得到结构混凝土的氯离子扩散系数,及时掌握混凝土抗渗性能的变化情况. 相似文献
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在碳化理论的基础上,通过引入气体扩散理论和分形理论,基于一般正常环境下混凝土结构耐久性产生影响的因素(粉煤灰、矿渣微粉及工作应力),研究单一因素下废弃纤维再生混凝土的碳化性能规律.同时,将烧重试验、压汞试验和碳化试验所得数据进行分析,建立上述相关因素与有效扩散系数Dce的量化关系.此外,考虑到粉煤灰、矿渣微粉和工作应力的存在对废弃纤维再生混凝土的碳化性能影响,引入了粉煤灰影响系数、矿渣微粉影响系数和工作应力影响系数.通过模型计算值和试验结果的比较验证碳化深度预测模型的可行性,建立适用于废弃纤维再生混凝土碳化深度预测的实用模型. 相似文献
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为了准确分析混凝土的碳化深度,研究建立了碳化环境下混凝土结构的耐久性定量分析模型.首先根据水泥水化和混凝土碳化的物理化学反应过程,结合混凝土中二氧化碳、氢氧化钙和水化硅酸钙的物质的量守恒定律,研究建立了混凝土碳化多场耦合数值分析模型的控制方程及其初始条件和边界条件;然后基于混凝土的碳化机理,结合混凝土碳化反应与水泥水化反应的化学物质平衡关系,确定了混凝土中氢氧化钙和水化硅酸钙的初始浓度、氢氧化钙和水化硅酸钙的碳化反应速率系数、二氧化碳扩散系数等模型参数;最后结合64组标准碳化环境下的混凝土碳化试验数据,定量分析了时间步长、空间步长、矿物掺合料二次水化反应程度系数的取值对碳化分析模型的计算精度和计算效率的影响规律. 相似文献
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用储量丰富的风积沙部分或全部代替普通河砂制备了风积沙混凝土,采用加速试验并通过化学分析方法测试了在氯盐腐蚀环境下遭受冻融的不同风积沙替代量(0、20%、40%、60%、80%、100%)混凝土的氯离子浓度,计算了风积沙混凝土的氯离子结合能力、氯离子扩散系数,并借助X射线衍射分析(XRD)对试验样品进行物相分析.结果表明,在氯盐环境下遭受冻融的风积沙混凝土自由氯离子浓度随冻融次数增加逐渐增加,氯离子结合表现为Langmuir非线性吸附,并引入结合能力系数k来表征风积沙混凝土的氯离子结合能力;随着冻融次数的增加,不同风积沙掺量混凝土的氯离子扩散系数逐渐减小,75次冻融后混凝土的氯离子扩散系数随风积沙替代量的影响较小,冻融循环次数与风积沙替代量对混凝土氯离子扩散系数的影响存在耦合关系. 相似文献
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Aggregate influence on chloride ion diffusion into concrete 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
An attempt is made to predict the probable effect of the aggregate on chloride ion diffusion into saturated concrete. It is shown that if the chloride ion diffusion coefficient of an aggregate ranges from 0.2 to 10 times that of the cement paste matrix, then this could result in variations in the concrete chloride ion diffusion coefficient of up to 10:1. Such a variation is equivalent to a change in free water-cement ratio from 0.77 to 0.45. 相似文献
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对普通混凝土及掺和料混凝土进行了快速碳化试验,测试了各碳化龄期混凝土pH值,研究了碳化过程中混凝土pH值沿深度变化规律.结果表明:水胶比对混凝土碳化过程中pH值的变化影响最大,降低混凝土水胶比可以有效提高混凝土的抗碳化能力,减小混凝土的部分碳化区长度;矿物掺合料的引入对混凝土pH值也有较为显著的影响,采用合理的掺量后,掺合料混凝土不仅具有较好的抗碳化能力,还可以大大提高水泥取代量,具有良好的经济效益. 相似文献
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Mortars with varying water-to-cement (w/c) ratio were spiked with heavy metals. After hardening, some samples were carbonated in a CO2 chamber, others were carbonated using supercritical CO2 (SCC). Porosity and carbonation depth of treated and untreated samples were compared. Leaching was tested using the diffusion (NEN 7345) and extraction test (based on DIN 38414-S4). The results show that carbonation decreases the porosity of the samples. The decrease is more important with increasing w/c ratio. Carbonation runs deeper into the monolith with increasing w/c ratio. In the supercritical method, not all samples were carbonated to the same extent. The diffusion test shows that carbonation decreases leaching of Na, K, Ca, Ba, Cu, and Pb and increases leaching of Mg. Ni leaching depends on the pH induced by carbonation. Influence of pH and formation of metal carbonates is evaluated with the extraction test and enhances understanding of metal leaching in the diffusion test. 相似文献
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Analysis of carbonation behavior in concrete using neural network algorithm and carbonation modeling
Carbonation on concrete structures in underground sites or metropolitan cities is one of the major causes of steel corrosion in RC (Reinforced Concrete) structures. For quantitative evaluation of carbonation, physico-chemo modeling for reaction with dissolved CO2 and hydrates is necessary. Amount of hydrates and CO2 diffusion coefficient play an important role in evaluation of carbonation behavior, however, it is difficult to obtain a various CO2 diffusion coefficient from experiments due to limited time and cost.In this paper, a numerical technique for carbonation behavior using neural network algorithm and carbonation modeling is developed. To obtain the comparable data set of CO2 diffusion coefficient, experimental results which were performed previously are analyzed. Mix design components such as cement content, water to cement ratio, and volume of aggregate including exposure condition of relative humidity are selected as neurons. Training of learning for neural network is carried out using back propagation algorithm. The diffusion coefficient of CO2 from neural network are in good agreement with experimental data considering various conditions such as water to cement ratios (w/c: 0.42, 0.50, and 0.58) and relative humidities (R.H.: 10%, 45%, 75%, and 90%). Furthermore, mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) test is also performed to evaluate the change in porosity under carbonation. Finally, the numerical technique which is based on behavior in early-aged concrete such as hydration and pore structure is developed considering CO2 diffusion coefficient from neural network and changing effect on porosity under carbonation. 相似文献
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Kenji Sakata 《Cement and Concrete Research》1983,13(2):216-224
It is the purpose of this paper to clarify the behavior of moisture existing in concrete as drying occurs, and the relationship between moisture loss and drying shrinkage. Assuming that the behavior of moisture existing in concrete when drying was governed by nonlinear diffusion equation, the diffusion coefficient was expressed as a function of the moisture content by the experiment. The surface factor was also determined by the experiment. The relationship between diffusion coefficient or surface factor and the water-cement ratio of concrete were given. It was shown that the shrinkage strain was closely related to moisture loss. 相似文献
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以弯矩与抗弯承载力之比作为荷载水平指标,对氯离子在混凝土受弯梁中的扩散行为进行研究,建立荷载水平与氯离子扩散系数的函数关系,进而提出考虑荷载作用下钢筋表面氯离子浓度达到临界值的极限状态方程及相应耐久性可靠度计算方法.结合算例,对浪溅区混凝土梁构件在不同荷载水平下的耐久性可靠指标进行计算.结果表明:荷载水平对耐久性可靠指标β的影响较为显著,不考虑荷载作用时结构的耐久性可靠指标比考虑荷载作用时耐久性可靠指标偏高100%以上.从确保服役混凝土梁构件达到预期耐久性要求出发,建议对应浪溅区设计使用年限分别为30年、50年以及100年梁构件,相应的最小保护层厚度应分别取为60 mm,65 mm和75 mm,相应的最大水灰比限值均建议取为0.36. 相似文献
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《Ceramics International》2023,49(8):11936-11949
The effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the durability of high-strength slag-based geopolymers was investigated. The control variables were the MWCNT content and MWCNT/dispersant and water-cement ratios. A total of 144 specimens were exposed to carbonization, freeze-thaw cycles, and chloride migration (RCM). The microstructure of the geopolymers before and after durability testing was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The modification of pore structure of geopolymer by MWCNTs was measured by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). The composition of the materials was analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the contents of the materials were determined quantitatively using thermal gravimetric analysis (TG). When the MWCNT content and water-cement and MWCNTs/sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) ratios were 0.45 wt%, 0.55, and 2.5:1, respectively, the carbonization depth and carbonization strength of the geopolymers were 69% and 176% of those the control group, respectively. The loss rate and relative dynamic elastic modulus after freeze-thaw were 28% and 121% of those of the control group, respectively. The Cl− diffusion depth and diffusion coefficient were 63% and 84% of those of the control group, respectively. Water-cement ratio affected the internal structure and crystallinity of geopolymer. MWCNTs mixed with SDS to modify geopolymers, the main function of MWCNTs was to densify the matrix and improve the internal cracks and pores. However, the excess SDS caused structural foaming and reduced the durability of the geopolymer. 相似文献