基于FPGA的电液比例位置系统模糊控制器设计

电液比例位置系统是一种典型的非线性时变系统,其参数具有非线性特性,常用的线性化模型基础上的经典控制器,难以取得满意的控制效果.笔者将模糊控制器应用于电液比例位置系统,并采用FPGA芯片,通过VHDL语言设计实现了一个二输入一输出模糊控制器.实验结果表明,控制器推理结果正确,能够稳定、可靠地工作.     

基于滑模变结构的压机同步控制系统研究

以高精度压机同步控制系统为研究对象,建立系统的数学建模,分析此模型可知影响同步控制系统控制精度的因素是随机干扰.以积分滑模理论为基础,设计一个无静差的滑模控制器.实验结果表明:该控制器可以消除随机干扰对系统的影响,并具有较高的稳定性.     

精密直线伺服装置数字预见控制器设计

直线伺服装置是实现非圆截面类零件数控车削加工的关键,针对其加工目标轨迹已知的特点,本文基于二次型最优控制理论设计了直线伺服装置数字预见控制器.该控制器由一个具有PI-PD形式的最优状态反馈控制器和预见前馈补偿器构成.为了进一步克服外部干扰、模型误差和参数变化对预见控制的影响,提出了一个离散时域扰动观测器.仿真结果表明,该控制方法能够满足高速高精度条件下对非圆截面零件的车削加工要求.     

基于自适应模糊PID控制的汽车ESP系统控制研究

汽车ESP系统是汽车的一种主动安全装置,近年来仿真技术在汽车ESP系统的研究中得到了广泛的应用.基于模糊控制与PID控制,对ESP提出了自适应模糊PID控制的控制方法.首先以某汽车车型为研究对象,建立了其传递函数模型.然后运用Matlab/Simulink,进行了模糊控制器与PID控制器地设计,建立了仿真模型并进行仿真.结果表明,这种方法可以提高汽车的稳定性.实际工作中,由于路面条件不断变化,并且汽车本身是一个复杂的系统,传统控制方法无法进行有效地控制,自适应模糊PID控制器可以不断地调整参数,进行控制.目前,以完成关于该控制算法的控制器设计.     

直线伺服系统动子质量辨识及μ综合控制器设计

针对高精度、微进给、超低速永磁同步直线伺服系统(PMSLS)易受负载扰动及参数变化影响的特点,采用H∞控制器设计方法与μ综合中的D-K迭代法相结合,设计了一个μ综合控制器.该控制器对负载扰动和参数不确定性更具鲁棒性.为了补偿摩擦力的扰动,进一步增强系统的鲁棒性,采用了基于模型参考自适应在线辨识动子质量.仿真结果表明,提出的该控制器满足超低速永磁同步直线伺服系统对鲁棒性和快速性的要求,系统的稳态精度有了很大的提高.     

基于视觉引导AGV路径跟踪模糊控制研究

在分析AGV的运动模型的基础上,采用模糊控制方法对AGV路径跟踪进行控制,并利用MATLAB中模糊逻辑工具箱(Fuzzy Logic Control)设计了一个优化的、适用于AGV视觉导引系统实现路径跟踪的模糊控制器,并对其进行了仿真.仿真结果表明该模糊控制器的控制策略效果良好.     

工程机械电液比例阀控制系统模糊PID控制器研究

把传统线性PID控制和模糊控制结合起来,可使系统的控制性能得到提高,是一种很实用的控制方法.设计两个模糊PID控制器:一个基于误差驱动的增益调整型模糊PID,即模糊自适应整定PID控制器;一个基于生物免疫原理的 模糊PID,即模糊免疫PID控制器.以简单阀控马达位置控制系统为控制对象,利用MATLAB创建系统模型,用设计的两模糊控制器控制该系统得出响应曲线.仿真结果表明:两模糊PID控制器均比传统PID的控制性能好,无超调、无振荡、无静差;模糊自适应整定PID控制器鲁棒性较强;模糊免疫PID控制器跟踪设定值的性能较好.     

压力机无线电液控制技术研究

以压力机无线电液控制器为对象,建立了其信道模型和无线电液控制器传播距离的计算式;通过对无线电液控制器的理论分析、计算各错组率,用GBSC信道模型较为准确地描述了控制器通信信道特性,得出了一些有益于工程设计的结论.     

交流永磁同步系统的自抗扰控制研究

为了提高控制系统的鲁棒性,给出了交流永磁电机的速度环自抗扰控制方案.该控制方案不需要精确电机参数就可以实现扰动补偿,控制器的设计也不需要建立电机和负载的精确数学模型.自抗扰控制器利用其内部的扩张状态观测器可以估计出系统的内外扰动,据此将电机等效为由一个非线性系统构成的串联对象,设计出一阶自抗扰控制器实现对电机的转速控制.实验结果表明,自抗扰控制器对电机模型的不确定性和外部扰动变化具有较强的适应性和鲁棒性,控制系统具有优良的动态性能.     

基于IEC61499的网络化生产线底层生产设备分布式控制

计算机数字控制CNC和可编程逻辑控制PLC构成了目前自动化生产线底层生产设备两类主要的控制器.在基于总线系统连接的网络化生产线中,两类控制器的分布式控制机理相互独立,这对生产线整体的分布式控制、优化的控制性能及进一步的柔性智能可重构控制带来困难.将IEC61499分布式控制机制引入到设备层控制网络.将PLC与CNC控制器设计为Device元素层次的模型,从而形成设备层控制器统一的分布式控制体系.基于数控系统开放式体系结构与STEP-NC控制器设计了CNC控制器的Device模型.并以应用模型Application为基础形成底层设备的分布式控制网络.以固高公司的柔性自动化生产系统和GMD四轴运动控制开发平台构建实例系统进行验证.     

基于ADAMS与MATLAB的精密隔振平台虚拟样机仿真分析

对LQG控制策略下的主动隔振系统运用了ADAMS与MATLAB联合仿真的方法。此方法是在AD-AMS中建立系统的动力学仿真样机,以隔振平台加速度、系统动挠度和底座动位移作为性能指标,用MAT-LAB建立主动隔振系统LQG控制器,将ADAMS中的样机导入MATLAB中进行控制。实例仿真结果表明LQG控制能明显的增强主动隔振系统的隔振效果,同时ADAMS和MATLAB的联合仿真方法简化了仿真过程,仿真结果准确性好、可靠性高,为主动隔振系统乃至更复杂的系统动力学研究提供了一种方法。     

Repetitive control design and implementation for linear motor machine tool

The goal of this paper is to eliminate the period tracking error via the design of discrete-time domain repetitive controller. It increases the stabilizing range and enhances the robust performance by adopting the prototype repetitive controller design principle to compensate repetitive control. Furthermore, with the concept of command feedforward, it introduces the feedforward gains of speed and acceleration, which can forcefully enhance the tracking ability of the repetitive controller and improve on the errors of the system. Finally, it puts into practice the theory on a gantry type machinery platform with linear motors. The results prove that the theory can reduce period tracking error successfully.     

有限状态机在数控系统软件中的应用研究

在数控系统软件开发中，控制软件的开发是开发的关键。针对数控系统复杂性和实时性特点，把有限状态机应用在数控系统软件开发中，构造了控制器软件结构，并应用于数控系统的原型开发。     

Experimental study on a hybrid-driven servo press using iterative learning control

Servo presses provide flexible punch motions, which satisfy different production needs. To achieve this merit, the control system must maintain the punch motion accurately despite versatile desired trajectories or varied loadings. Against this backdrop, the current paper proposes an iterative learning control (ILC) scheme for a hybrid-driven servo press. A proportional derivative (PD) type ILC controller that contains a closed-loop feedback controller is adopted. The sensitivity Jacobian is introduced into the controlling algorithm as the proportional gain in order to smoothen and increase the error convergence rate. The proposed ILC controller is then developed and verified on a servo press prototype. Experimental validations of a cup-shaped drawing are also carried out. The results show that the proposed ILC scheme effectively made the punch position root-mean-square (RMS) errors converge to less than 0.2 mm within five iterations. The precision was also improved to less than 50 μm that was equivalent to 35–40% of the original level without the ILC.     

Parameter identification when designing a solid-modeling-based grinding-machine controller

Modern computer-aided design and dynamics simulation tools allow design and testing to be performed in a virtual-reality environment. The integration of controller synthesis programs also makes it possible to perform servo tuning without actually having to build a prototype. However, most servo controllers are based on integer processors for machine tools, and the integer numbers entering into a servo tuning interface often do not directly reflect the magnitudes of the actual controller parameters, impairing the virtual tuning. This study addressed this problem by employing a gain parameter to each control parameter, and developing an identification algorithm for these parameter gains. The identification results were used to tune the servo, which was first carried out within the solid-modeling simulation environment. This procedure makes it easy to implement the controller parameters in the actual machine. The actual implementation of the resultant controller verified that the proposed method improved the servo performance, including eliminating the overshoot in both position and velocity responses of the grinding machine.     

基于CORBA的柔性制造系统模型的建立

一种基于CORBA的面向对象的方法在递阶分布式控制系统中得到了开发。分布式控制器的通用方法和数据集成到服务器,每个控制器与服务器通过CORBA通讯的机制进行通讯。CORBA作为用于分布式对象开发的中间软件的使用简化了在不同地点的客户端与服务器端通讯的实现。最后提出了一个模型系统以验证基于CORBA的柔性制造系统。     

闪光焊机的移动控制策略与仿真分析

为了在实物样机制作前对焊机移动控制策略进行研究,建立了无头轧制系统及移动式闪光焊机的虚拟样机,根据系统对移动焊机的作业要求,采用了速度和位移分段控制方案;为了保证焊机前进行程中的同步跟踪性能、减小焊机与轧制坯间的机械耦合、提高焊机的抗干扰能力,提出了基于人工免疫调整机制的单神经元复合控制策略。仿真分析表明,速度和位移分段控制保证了焊机前进行程的速度和返回行程的位移要求,单神经元复合控制可以有效地提高焊机对轧制坯的同步跟踪精度,人工免疫反馈机制可显著增强焊机的抗干扰能力。     

Investigations on a directly coupled piezoactuated tool feed system for micro-electro-discharge machine

A directly coupled piezoactuated tool feed mechanism is proposed and a prototype micro-electro-discharge machine (micro-EDM) is developed. The piezoactuator is used to feed the tool and also to sense the tool displacement from a reference position. The hysteresis behavior of the piezoactuator is also incorporated through an electromechanical model for estimating the actual tool displacement. Simulation results for piezoactuator displacement are compared with the experiment and a maximum error of 15% was observed. Further, in order to control the tool feed rate during machining, a tool feed controller based on the gap voltage feedback is developed. A contact-based measurement technique is integrated with the tool feed controller to measure the tool wear and the depth of material removed. Micromachining experiments have been conducted on a copper workpiece with copper and tungsten as tool materials. The experimental results obtained through the contact-based measurement technique are in agreement with the tool-displacement simulations with a maximum error of about 10%.     

下肢外骨骼机器人设计及实验研究

为实现下肢残障者的运动康复,设计液压驱动的下肢外骨骼机器人机构。针对下肢外骨骼的运动跟随需求,提出一种滑模控制器,并进行了控制仿真模拟。仿真结果表明：外骨骼采用该控制算法能较好地实现位置跟踪。基于dSPACE硬件在环实时仿真系统搭建了下肢外骨骼系统,进行了空摆实验、被动跟随实验及主动跟随实验。实验结果表明：设计的下肢助力外骨骼机器人能够为穿戴者提供助力,外骨骼样机的整体稳定性较好,对穿戴者具有良好的跟踪性能与快速响应性。     

Solid modeling based servo system design for a high speed micro grinding machine

The flourishing hi-tech industry development has prompted the need to carry out high performance servo design and testing without actually having to construct a prototype system. However, the complicated mechanical structure and the nonlinear effects in many of the high performance systems have made it very difficult to carry out the design without a suitable model. In recent years, the software advances has achieved very accurate dynamic simulation result. It is also possible to integrate the control synthesis with the dynamic simulation. This study examines the possibility of performing the servo design within the system design environment and then applies the result to a realistic platform model. The robust sliding mode controller is employed to deal with the nonlinear characteristics in the grinding machine. The dynamic model included the multi-degree of freedom behavior and the friction effects. The simulation results also show that the sliding mode controller is able to suppress the structure resonances and achieve high accuracy control under plant uncertainties.