雁形板的强度与刚度分析

用有限元三维结构分析程序计算了跨度为４５ｍ的雁形板，所得结果与该计算模型足尺（原型）试验结果一致，由此验证了用比拟梁法对雁形板进行强度和刚度计算的正确性。此外，还对雁形板的设计提出了一些建议。     

雁形板的整体稳定分析

按扭转屈曲用能量法解算出雁形板整体稳定临界弯矩，以此为依据并参考雁形板实际工程经验，提出雁形板整体稳定设计准则的建议。     

48m雁形板设计、制作及静载试验概况

为了研究雁形板在大跨空间结构中的应用,进行了48m雁形板的结构试验。文章较详细地介绍了48m雁形板模型设计、制作和试验研究。结果表明,试验值与理论设计值吻合较好,对实际工程有—定参考价值。     

U形肋加劲板局部稳定性试验研究

U形肋加劲板是构成钢箱梁顶板、底板的主要板件,U形肋腹板与被加劲板局部失稳是其两种主要失稳破坏模式。为研究U形肋加劲板的局部稳定性能,分别设计并制作了U形肋腹板与被加劲板壁板两组局部稳定试件,并考虑U形肋腹板宽厚比、被加劲板宽厚比以及U形肋翼缘与腹板间弯曲半径变化。通过轴压试验得到了U形肋加劲板的局部失稳破坏模式、稳定承载力、应力-位移曲线以及局部稳定折减系数。试验研究表明：随着局部板件宽厚比的增大,试件由强度破坏转变为失稳破坏,且失稳破坏特征表现得越明显。当板件宽厚比不小于22.5时,宽厚比较大的板件先于其他板件失稳。U形肋腹板与翼缘之间弯曲半径增大时,U形肋腹板宽度及宽厚比变大,导致U形肋腹板稳定承载力降低。将试验结果与公路钢桥规范中的稳定系数曲线对比发现,对于钢桥规范中的稳定曲线,采用钢材屈服强度计算得到的板件稳定承载力明显小于试验值,而采用抗拉强度计算得到的板件稳定承载力接近试验值,说明采用钢桥规范计算U形肋加劲板稳定承载力,其安全系数和钢材的抗拉强度与屈服强度比值相当。     

混凝土抗冲切承载力在新旧规范中的对比

通过对我国新旧《混凝土结构设计规范》中有关混凝土抗冲切承载力验算的对比和分析,得出了二者的联系与不同,指出新规范在保证安全度的情况下适当地降低了可靠性指标,补充了双向预应力混凝土板和板柱结构受冲切承载力计算的相关内容,从而使工程设计人员能够更加灵活地运用新规范进行结构设计。     

雁形板的局部稳定分析

用能量法算出雁形板翼缘的局部稳定临界应力,并由此对雁形板的设计,及不同强度等级混凝土雁形板的宽厚比的限值,提出了建议。     

预应力雁形板屋盖在设计与施工中的部分问题

结合工程实例,对三峡模型试验厅、船模试验厅、水工试验厅、航道试验厅在雁形板屋面设计及施工中存在的问题进行了分析,并探讨了问题的处理措施,总结出了雁形板在设计和施工中的注意事项,有利于雁形板屋盖的发展应用。     

雁形板横截面设计及梁板合一结构发展的新构想

本文对雁形板横截面的设计思路及梁板合一结构方面提出了一些新的构想,可供进一步研究参考。     

边缘加劲板件有效宽厚比设计方法中的板组效应研究

本文根据能量原理,建立了边缘加劲板件的弹性屈曲理论和卷边槽形截面薄壁构件的板组相关屈曲理论。通过屈曲理论分析,得到了非均匀受压边缘加劲板件的屈曲系数及其反映板组效应的约束系数,并将其引入新修订的《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》(GB50018)的有效宽厚比设计方法中。本文介绍了50根冷弯薄壁型钢受压构件试验,并按修订后的规范方法进行了试件承载力计算,计算值与试验值比较,偏于安全。将考虑板组效应的有效宽厚比设计方法与国内外现行规范设计方法相比较,具有优越性。     

考虑相关屈曲的轴压铝合金板件有效截面计算

根据板件屈曲微分方程的Levy解,建立了受压箱形截面及槽形截面的弹性相关屈曲理论,给出了相邻板件约束系数的计算式。在现行欧洲铝合金结构设计规范Eurocode 9关于加劲板件及非加劲板件有效截面计算的基础上,通过引入约束系数考虑了相临板件间约束作用对截面承载力的影响,从而进一步完善了铝合金受压板件的局部稳定设计理论。应用非线性有限元软件计算了均匀受压箱形截面及槽形截面铝合金短柱的极限承载力,并与建议方法作了比较。分析表明,受压板件发生局部屈曲时确实存在板组效应,且采用文中提出的计算方法得出的结果在大多数情况下是偏于安全的。     

Ultimate strength of dented steel plates under edge shear loads

The aims of this paper are to investigate the ultimate shear strength reduction characteristics of steel plates due to local impacts, and also to develop the ultimate shear strength design formulae of dented steel plates. The ANSYS nonlinear finite element code is used to investigate the effects of shape, size (depth, diameter), and location of the denting on the ultimate strength behavior of simply supported steel plates under edge shear loads. A closed-form expression for predicting the ultimate shear strength of dented steel plates is derived by the regression analysis based on the computed results. The results and insights developed from the present study will be very useful for damage tolerant design of steel plated structures with local denting.     

预应力CFRP板加固混凝土梁设计理论研究

基于预应力高强度CFRP板加固混凝土梁的受弯试验与理论分析,对其设计理论进行了较系统的研究。提出了CFRP板预应力损失和预应力CFRP板加固混凝土梁抗裂度的计算方法。通过截面极限状态分析,分别提出了界限破坏、受压破坏和受拉破坏模式下受弯承载力的理论计算公式。建议CFRP板的张拉控制应力取为其极限抗拉强度的0.5~0.6倍。此外,在考虑预应力CFRP板等代的基础上,提出了预应力CFRP板加固混凝土梁裂缝宽度和挠度的计算方法。     

Effective width method to account for the local buckling of steel thin plates at elevated temperatures

The local buckling of thin steel plates exposed to fire is investigated using a finite element model. The reduction of strength and stiffness that occurs at elevated temperatures needs to be taken into account in the design, as it increases the susceptibility to local buckling of the plates thus affecting their load carrying capacity. The obtained results show that the current existing design method of Eurocode 3 to take into consideration the local buckling in the calculation of the ultimate strength of steel thin plates at elevated temperatures needs to be improved. These methods are based on the same principles as for normal temperature but using for the design yield strength of steel, at elevated temperatures, the 0.2% proof strength of the steel instead of its strength at 2% total strain as for the cases where the local buckling is not limiting the ultimate strength of the plates. This consideration, however, leads to an inconsistency if cross-sections are composed simultaneous of plates susceptible and not to local buckling. To address this issue, new expressions for calculating the effective width of internal compressed elements (webs) and outstand elements (flanges) are proposed, which have been derived from the actual expressions of the Part 1.5 of the Eurocode 3 and validated against numerical results. It is also demonstrated that it is not necessary to use for the yield stress at elevated temperatures the 0.2% proof strength of the steel instead of the yield stress at 2% total strain, given that the necessary allowances are considered in these new expressions, thus leading to a more economic design.     

高层建筑钢结构实用概率极限状态设计

本文提出了高层钢结构的荷载组合系数与抗力分项系数,经计算满足可靠度要求。据此还提出了相应的厚板强度设计值的建议和高层钢结构的实用概率极限状态设计表达式,可作为普通钢结构设计规范GBJ17—88的补充和制订高层钢结构设计规程参考。     

高层预制钢筋混凝土叠合剪力墙住宅结构设计

高层预制钢筋混凝土叠合剪力墙结构的设计包含许多新的设计内容。目前尚无配套的设计规范及计算分析软件。通过在研究预制钢筋混凝土叠合剪力墙试验资料的基础上,采用了两种设计方法。方法一是将PC和PCF作为结构的外加荷载进行结构的强度设计,但考虑PC及PCF构件的刚度对结构周期以及主要计算参数的影响。方法二是在进行结构的刚度分析,控制结构位移时,将PC和PCF作为结构的构件,以此计算结果作为控制结构刚度的依据。运用上述两种方法将结构简化后,仍采用现行的计算软件进行结构分析。通过实际工程的计算结果,可以看出,这两种方法在满足现行设计规范的同时也优化了高层预制钢筋混凝土叠合剪力墙的结构设计。     

双钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙变形能力分析

基于纤维法和精细材料本构模型,编制了双钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙的截面分析程序,并通过已有试验验证了分析结果的准确性。通过对6379个不同参数的双钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙的计算分析,得到了影响剪力墙截面变形能力的主要因素有考虑钢板作用的轴压比、混凝土强度、墙身的材料配比和暗柱混凝土的约束效应。研究结果表明：回归分析得到的双钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙截面极限曲率的计算公式满足精度要求并偏于安全;在此基础上,提出了双钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙基于位移的设计方法。同时,根据国内规范的设计方法,给出了双钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙的轴压比限值：对于C50以下的混凝土,双钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙的设计轴压比的限值为0.45;对于C50以上的混凝土,设计轴压比的限值可建议按n_2d,lim=-0.004f_cu+0.625计算。     

Local buckling of steel plates in concrete-filled thin-walled steel tubular beam-columns

The availability of high strength steels and concrete leads to the use of thin steel plates in concrete-filled steel tubular beam-columns. However, the use of thin steel plates in composite beam-columns gives a rise to local buckling that would appreciably reduce the strength and ductility performance of the members. This paper studies the critical local and post-local buckling behavior of steel plates in concrete-filled thin-walled steel tubular beam-columns by using the finite element analysis method. Geometric and material nonlinear analyses are performed to investigate the critical local and post-local buckling strengths of steel plates under compression and in-plane bending. Initial geometric imperfections and residual stresses presented in steel plates, material yielding and strain hardening are taken into account in the nonlinear analysis. Based on the results obtained from the nonlinear finite element analyses, a set of design formulas are proposed for determining the critical local buckling and ultimate strengths of steel plates in concrete-filled steel tubular beam-columns. In addition, effective width formulas are developed for the ultimate strength design of clamped steel plates under non-uniform compression. The accuracy of the proposed design formulas is established by comparisons with available solutions. The proposed design formulas can be used directly in the design of composite beam-columns and adopted in the advanced analysis of concrete-filled thin-walled steel tubular beam-columns to account for local buckling effects.     

卷边加强开孔的冷弯型钢受弯构件的性能、优化及设计

冷弯型钢(CFS)受弯构件的腹板常常开圆孔,用于通过管道、电缆、水管设施和安装横向支撑等。传统在冷弯型钢腹板上开孔的构件的翼缘是不带卷边的,最近研发出新型具有加劲卷边的C型截面冷弯薄壁型钢抗弯构件。然而,目前对于新型C型截面构件的研究尚不深入,有用的试验也有限。该文采用有限元分析方法分析加劲开孔的冷弯型钢薄板和典型C截面构件的稳定性。基于弹性屈曲分析方法得出孔洞的最佳剖面,并将其应用于标准C截面构件。采用屈曲后有限元分析方法确定构件的挠曲强度。结果表明加劲孔洞能够大大提高C截面CFS挠曲强度。计划提出新的设计准则以准确计算孔洞剖面最佳的新型C截面构件的挠曲强度。     

Cold-formed steel flexural member with edge stiffened holes: Behavior,optimization, and design

Circular holes are commonly found on the web of cold-formed steel (CFS) flexural members for piping, electric-wiring, plumbing, or installing lateral bracing, etc. Traditional holes on CFS members are flat bunched without edge lips. A new generation of CFS C-section flexural members with edge stiffened holes was recently developed by the industry. However, research on the new generation C-section members is underdeveloped and available test results are limited. This paper presents finite element analyses to study on the stability of cold-formed steel thin plates and typical C-section members when edge stiffened circular holes are placed on those plates or members. Based on the elastic buckling analyses, the optimized profiles of the holes are obtained and then applied to standard C-section flexural members. The post-buckling finite element analysis is utilized to determine the flexural strength of those members. The results indicate that the stiffened holes can significantly improve the flexural strength of CFS C-sections. New design provisions are proposed to accurately predict the flexural strength of the new generation C-section flexural members with the optimized hole profiles.     

屈服强度550MPa高强冷弯薄壁型钢结构轴心受压构件可靠度分析

本文采用二阶矩概率法,考虑强度、截面几何参数、计算模式、外荷载等不定因素的影响,针对屈服强度550MPa高强冷弯薄壁型钢轴心受压构件的可靠度进行了分析,并考虑材料特性,在已有试验的基础上对其承载力计算方法、目标可靠指标及强度设计指标的合理选取进行了研究。结果表明,在按厚度分类合理确定高强冷弯薄壁型钢的强度设计指标后,可依据现行的《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》(GB 50018—2002)给定的考虑板组稳定计算截面有效宽厚比的方法对其轴心受压构件的极限承载力进行有效分析,并满足预定设计可靠指标的要求。