Deviation Prevention Ability of Rollers in Continuous Annealing Furnace and Application

 In order to reduce the strip deviation in the practical production procedure in the continuous annealing furnace, a dynamic simulation model was built through finite element method (FEM) to conduct the quantification calculation of the effect of regular roller contour types on strip deviation. The result reveals that comparing to the flat roller, forward roller contour can prevent the strip deviation to some degree. In terms of prevention ability, double-taper roller is the strongest, single-taper roller and crown roller are less stronger; and more roller contour values raise the prevention ability. Accordingly, optimization method was applied to continuous annealing furnace, and it largely reduced accidents such as strip break and limited speed that are caused by the deviation.     

连退炉内炉辊的选择与优化设计

推导了连退炉内炉辊为锥度辊时的带钢对中力的表达式,分别介绍总结了带钢对中运行及瓢曲变形的机理.在此基础上,分析了炉辊种类、炉辊形状参数、炉辊表面状态及炉辊热凸度对带钢高速通板技术的影响,并提出了炉辊选择和优化设计的指导原则,以及实现炉辊形状设计定量化的手段.     

Comprehensive optimisation technology of roller profile in continuous annealing furnace

Several problems, such as strip deviation and buckling, are encountered in the continuous annealing process. In this study, equipment and process features of continuous annealing, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of single taper roller and double taper roller in the prevention and treatment of the buckling and strip deviation were considered. Basing on a number of field experiments and theoretical studies, a new set of furnace roller profile curve was proposed and a set of optimisation model suitable for furnace roller was established, with travelling stability of the strip as the objective function. Test results of field production showed that the strip exhibited high speed and stability after optimisation, and the service cycle of the furnace roller was considerably improved. The results of this study provide an important economic benefit for the site and are valuable for further popularisation and application.     

钛带在带钢连续退火炉内张应力横向分布仿真

为了探讨利用现有带钢连续退火线生产冷轧钛带产品,基于ABAQUS仿真平台,针对国内某带钢连续退火炉设备条件,建立钛带在退火炉内弹塑性变形的有限元仿真模型,并开展数值模拟研究。结果表明,炉辊辊形、钛带初始板形缺陷及钛带工艺张力大小是钛带张应力横向分布的主要影响因素;钛带的张应力横向分布不均度在凸度辊、单锥度辊和双锥度辊上依次趋于严重;钛带的初始板形缺陷使其张应力横向分布更不均匀,初始有边浪和中浪的钛带都会出现张应力分布不均匀现象;工艺张力对于钛带张应力横向分布均匀性影响不大。针对钛带张应力横向分布的影响因素及其影响规律的研究结果,对于设计炉辊辊形和确定对来料钛带实际板形的要求都具有参考价值。     

连续退火炉内双锥度辊辊形参数对带钢跑偏的影响

针对连续退火炉实际生产过程中的跑偏问题,运用ABAQUS有限元软件建立炉辊-带钢动态仿真模型,定量计算了连续退火炉内双锥度辊辊形参数对带钢跑偏的影响,并分析了带钢的横向压应力以及产生的瓢曲变形．计算结果显示双锥度辊辊形对炉内带钢跑偏有明显的抑制作用,且随着锥度段总辊径变化量、辊径变化量比值和张力的增加,以及平直段长度的减少,带钢的跑偏量逐渐减少,最大横向压应力逐渐增大,使带钢发生瓢曲变形的概率增加．根据以上计算结果,建立带钢跑偏量的计算模型,并结合瓢曲变形理论,为进一步对加热段双锥度炉辊辊形和张力设定的优化提供了依据．      

Tension compensation technique based on the roughness attenuation of a furnace roller during continuous annealing

Strip tension fluctuation caused by the attenuation of a furnace roller’s surface roughness leads to strip deviation in continuous annealing. After several field experiments and theoretical studies, this work established a model for the surface roughness attenuation of a furnace roller during continuous annealing. The model is fully integrated with the equipment and process features of a continuous annealing unit. With the stability of strip travelling as the control object and the absence of strip deviation and buckling as constraints, a tension compensation technique of continuous annealing was developed, and a related theory was applied to production and practise. Software was also developed for predicting the roughness attenuation of a furnace roller during continuous annealing and determining tension compensation for a specific process of the unit. Integrated optimisation of tension parameters in all processes of continuous annealing was also achieved.     

国内外步进梁式炉和热处理炉的现状与节能

本文综述了国内外热轧步进梁式炉、薄板坯连铸与连轧之间的加热设备、辊底式炉、连续作业线中的热处理炉和强对流全氢罩式退火炉的现状和节能技术，介绍了计算机在轧钢加热炉上的应用。     

冷轧连退线退火炉加热段炉辊辊型改造

分析了某连退线带钢在退火炉内常出现跑偏导致限速、擦炉墙断带等问题的原因,给出了采取改进加热段部分炉辊辊型的措施,从而减少了跑偏和断带的现象,取得了良好的效果.     

立式炉内转向辊传热过程数学模型

应用粗糙表面间接触换热数学模型,建立了带钢连续热处理立式炉内转向辊辊室传热过程数学模型,综合考虑了接触换热、对流换热、辐射换热等换热方式.对转向辊辊室传热的仿真分析表明:转向辊辊面温度变化层的厚度不超过10mm,同时在带钢连续热处理立式炉中,可以忽略转向辊传热对带钢温度的影响.     

连续退火机组炉内带钢纠偏系统分析

本文在DREVER公司为攀钢西昌冷轧设计的连续退火炉的基础上,结合生产实际,阐述了引起退火炉内带钢跑偏的原因,并提出了相应的纠偏措施.     

CPC带钢对中控制系统在冷轧连续退火炉上的应用

如何控制带钢在冷轧连续退火炉的中心线运行十分重要。以本钢浦项冷轧连续退火机组退火炉部分的CPC带钢对中控制系统为研究对象,着重分析了该系统的系统结构和工作原理,针对该系统在实际应用中出现的问题及解决方法进行了归纳和总结,尤其是对由于环境温度过高引起的设备故障给出了较好的解决方案,生产效率显著提高。实践应用表面,该CPC带钢对中控制系统具有检测灵敏度高、测量准确、性能稳定、安全可靠等优点,它是现代冷轧连续退火炉带钢纠偏控制的最佳配置方案,为今后新建冷轧连退机组提供了有力的参考。     

国内外加热炉和热处理炉的现状和节能技术

综述了热轧步进梁式炉，薄板坯连铸与连轧之间的加热设备，辊底式炉、连续作业线中的热处理炉和强对流全氢罩式退火炉的现状和节能技术；介绍了蓄热式烧嘴和计算机在轧钢加热炉上的应用。     

不锈钢带连续退火针压缺陷的研究

针压是不锈钢冷轧薄带钢在连续退火酸洗机组生产过程中经常出现的表面缺陷。现场实测及针压缺陷的显微分析结果表明：在连续退火过程中,炉辊与不锈钢带表面存在相对滑动时,辊子表面积累的颗粒状异物是形成针压缺陷的主要原因。为了减少颗粒状异物和改善表面接触状态,现场试验分析发现冷却段3%辊是产生带钢表面针压缺陷的主要部件,改变冷却段3#辊的材质和辊子形状可降低针压缺陷的发生率,采取相应措施使得针压缺陷得到了明显改善。     

陶瓷纤维模块在工业炉的应用与实践

陶瓷纤维是目前应用最广泛的工业炉窑炉衬材料,纤维模块可加工成各种异形产品。它具有导热率低、密度小、重量轻等优点,使工业炉的发展进入＂炉窑轻量化＂时代。以冷轧带钢退火炉为例,说明了陶瓷纤维模块炉内衬的应用以及安装方法,并对模块化内衬和层铺毯式内衬的炉壁温度进行对比分析。陶瓷纤维模块应该成为炉窑设计或旧的炉窑改造的首选设计方案。     

Mathematical model of metallurgical thermal processes and application

There are lots of physical changes and chemical reactions in the processes of iron and steel making, these processes are quite complex in the aspect of heat transfer.The processes of iron and steel making can be approximately divided into three kinds.The first kinds are the processes of fusion metallurgy which involve enormous chemical reactions,such as blast furnace,converter,electric furnace and coke oven.The second kinds are the processes of heating and cooling which are mainly the physical changes,such as walking-beam reheating furnace,annular heating furnace and car-type furnace.The third kinds are the processes of heat treatment which mainly adjust metallurgical structure of metal,such as roller hearth heat treatment furnace, strip continuous heat treatment vertical/horizontal furnace and HPH bell-type annealing furnace.Every process can only be finished in particular thermal equipment.And all the physical and chemical processes mentioned above must obey first principles of engineering thermodynamics,heat & mass transfer,hydromechanics, combustion,metallurgy physical chemistry etc,and which can be summarized as principle of heat transfer,mass transfer,momentum transfer and chemistry reaction.In this paper,based on first principle of heat and mass transfer in iron and steel making processes,a series of mathematical models of thermal equipments and processes are presented.Such as the model of hot-blast stoves,coke oven,CDQ-boiler system,sintering, reheating furnace,soaking furnace,annular heating furnace,roller hearth heat treatment furnace,strip continuous heat treatment vertical/horizontal furnace,HPH bell-type annealing furnace,control cooling of medium plate,burner,heat exchanger and regenerative burner etc.The on-line application of the model is based on experimental certification of the mathematical model.And finally the computer optimization system of metallurgical thermal process is obtained.     

带钢连续热镀锌与退火炉的技术进步

概述了带钢连续热镀锌的技术发展及其退火炉的技术进步,介绍了连续热镀锌的工艺流程和退火炉类型,指出退火炉是该生产线的核心,应当合理选择退火炉的炉型.     

连退炉设计中节能因素探讨

连续退火炉是冷轧板带不锈钢退火工艺需要的常见设备,也是高能耗设备。提高连续退火炉的热效率对于节能降耗有着重要的意义。组成连续退火炉能源消耗的主要设备有各类风机和用于加热的烧嘴。以宁波宝新公司4APL连续退火炉为例,介绍连退炉主要设备组成,结合设备对能耗情况进行了分析,在设计过程中需考虑选择合适的耐火材料、充分回收利用废气中的热量、利用变频控制技术、选用合适的冷却方式等因素。     

国内外钢带连续热镀锌退火炉与合金化炉的技术发展

综述了近年来国内外在钢带连续热镀锌退火炉与合金化炉方面的最新技术进展,分析了国内外带钢热镀锌设备及工艺的技术特点、发展趋势,并介绍了集团公司自主研发的热镀锌退火炉的最新研究成果.     

连续退火炉气氛双挡板隔离装置设计分析

高牌号无取向、取向硅钢连续退火炉需要一种隔离炉膛两边气氛的装置。设计这种装置可以实现硅钢二次结晶退火工艺需要的干湿气氛隔离要求,防止相邻炉段的炉膛气氛互相串通,污染炉膛气氛,影响带钢质量。     

1420mm连续退火机组加热炉燃烧调整及参数优化

宝钢冷轧１４２０ｍｍ连续退火机组是生产镀锡薄板的专用设备，退火工艺对镀 板的材质性能有重要的影响。作为其核心部分，加热炉的燃烧调整是机组调试的重中之重，直接影响机组的安全生产和稳定运行，确保带钢正常再结晶爱火。通过对加热炉主煤气烧嘴和主空气烧嘴的冷态调整，使各烧嘴的压力初步平衡；在热态下对烧中进行精调，并在不同的空气烧嘴的冷态调整，使各烧嘴的压力初步平衡；然后在热态下对烧嘴进行精调，并在不贩空燃比