我军军用物资包装及包装标准的现状与发展趋势

首先阐述了包装在军用物资保障中的重要作用,而后分析了目前军用物资包装及包装标准的现状,最后提出了我军军用物资包装和包装标准的发展趋势。     

军用物资组套集装模式与对策探讨

目的推进军用物资组套集装化,提升军用物资的应急快速发付能力,缩短任务部队的物资需求响应时间。方法着眼现代战争中的物资保障需求,分析军用物资组套集装的意义,结合实际,按照内部、中部、外部包装3个层次开展组套集装工作,从物资组套集装方案、器具和包装基础标准3个方面避免组套集装的随意性。结果提出了"内部包装多样化、中间包装组合化、外部包装集装化"的军用物资组套集装基本模式构想,明确了做好军用物资组套集装工作的关键环节。结论军用物资组套集装对增强我军储备物资防护能力、提升战时应急保障能力具有积极的指导意义。     

实施军用物资集装包装之我见

集装包装是提高军用物资保障效益的重要手段,文中对影响军用物资集装包装的若干因素进行了分析,并在把握现状的条件下,从集装包装的形式、内容、技术要求及管理机制等多个方面对集装包装提出相关的解决方案,同时阐述了军用物资集装包装如何做到军事与经济效益的有效统一.     

搞好军用物资包装工作

军用物资包装是我军后勤现代化建设的一个组成部分,在军用物资的保护、储存、运输、供应和保障等一系列环节中,具有特别重要的意义。几年来,在中国包协的领导下,在其它兄弟委员会的支持和帮助下,我军广大包装工作者在军用物资包装工作中,努力工作,辛勤耕耘,取得了显著的成绩,军用物资包装正在向着高层次的方向发展。     

对军品包装设计要求的系统思考

结合对军用物资的特点及其保障过程的分析,从包装防护、装卸搬运、交通运输、储存保管、法规标准和包装效益等方面,分析了军品包装设计过程中应遵循的一般要求。     

基于Cape Pack的军用物资单元包装优化研究

探讨了现代后勤对军用物资单元包装的要求,介绍了Cape Pack包装决策支持软件的主要功能,提出了基于该软件对军用物资单元包装优化的设计方案,最后通过案例演示了优化设计过程并对其结果进行分析,为军用物资单元包装优化提出了新的思路。     

适应现代战场环境特点的军用物资包装的思考

分析了现代战场环境的特点及其对军用物资包装的要求,在此基础上提出了军用物资包装的发展方向.     

对军用包装机械建设发展的思考

目的研究军用包装机械应用存在的问题与对策。方法从军用物资长期完好储备、特殊环境条件下的储存管理、应急快速保障能力及野战生存防护能力等方面,分析了军用包装机械建设的必要性。在此基础上,探讨了军用包装机械应用发展中存在的自发建设为主、专业特征明显、技术指标不一和作业效率较低等问题,并针对存在的问题从做好系统规划工作、统型工作、科研创新工作等方面提出了建设发展对策。结果军用包装机械的应用发展比较缓慢,应着眼解决当前军用物资包装机械应用发展存在的问题。结论应从加强规划管理、统一机械型号和促进科研创新等方面加以改进,促进军用包装机械建设应用的科学发展。     

奋发进取 再创佳绩

奋发进取再创佳绩总后勤部司令部参谋长中国包协副会长杨澄宇军品包装委员会主任委员军用物资包装工作，是我军现代化建设中一项重要而有意义的工作。在过去几年里，全军广大包装工作者，团结努力，奋发进取，辛勤耕耘，无私奉献，开创了军用物资包装工作的新局面。军品包...     

军用物资托盘循环共用机制探讨

目的研究军用物资托盘循环共用机制,为军用物资托盘高效管理和循环使用提供理论指导。方法结合国家托盘循环共用系统建设发展实际,在对比分析军用物资管理特点的基础上,研究提出军用物资托盘循环共用的3种运行模式和5项管理机制。结果建立了军用物资托盘循环共用机制,对提升军事物流保障效率、节约军用物资保障成本具有积极的现实意义。结论构建军用物资托盘循环共用机制应在积极融入国家托盘循环共用体系的基础上,重点加强组织机构、业务流程、托盘标准、管理网点、软件系统等方面的管理机制建设。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Synthesis of Alumina-Zirconia Nanocomposites by Solgel Process

Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were developed starting with the solgel process. Composite alumina-zirconia nanopowders were synthesized from metallorganic precursors (Aluminium secondary butoxide and zirconium Iso propoxide) using the solgel process. The parameters affecting the synthesis—solvent, concentration of precursor, R/H ratio (i.e., dilution of water in solvent)—were varied as also the temperature and pH. BET and TEM were used to measure nanosize. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and also qualitative optical absorption led to identical particle size estimate. The variation of process parameters was used to study the effect and interdependence of process parameters. Artificial Neural Networks was used to rigorously analyze the process. Although this led to confirmation of interdependence of parameters, the presence of a single overwhelming solvent variable was also established. Then the optimal process was used to synthesize more nanopowder. To produce bulk nanocomposite the nanopowders were sintered by varying the temperature and time period. The sintered lithoids were probed with a vickers hardness tester to measure elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness. The results showed high elastic modulus, modest hardness, and very high fracture toughness.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Friction Stir Processing Strategies for Uniform Distribution of Reinforcement in a Surface Composite

Friction stir processing (FSP) is an important technique for preparing surface composites. Fabricating defect-free surface composites with uniform particle distribution by FSP is a challenging task. In this study, silicon carbide particles reinforced AA5083 alloy surface composites was fabricated using different FSP strategies including variation in process parameters, dual-tool processing and tool offset overlapping. Material flow of the processed material with reinforcement particles demonstrated that the distribution of particles was influenced by the stirring action of the probe as well as the extrusion of the plasticized material due to the movement of the tool. Process parameters, particularly rotational speed, showed a dominant influence on the distribution of silicon carbide particles.