Counseling psychology, clinical psychology, and human services psychology: Where the twain shall meet?

Comments on the proposal by L. H. Levy et al (see record 1984-27507-001) for a new charter for clinical psychology—human services psychology. Current trends suggest that both clinical and counseling psychology are becoming eclectic and health oriented. Clinical psychology appears to be becoming more involved in community psychology and to be tempering its remedial role with the preventive role. Counseling psychology appears to be becoming less involved in its vocational and preventive roles and more involved in the remedial role. It is concluded that clinical and counseling psychology have come to be increasingly similar and could be integrated into a human services psychology. (38 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Applied social psychology: A partial response to Sarason's suggested divorce.

S. B. Sarason (see record 1977-06620-001) has recently called for a divorce of community psychology from clinical psychology and community mental health, and has proposed as an alternative a loose confederation among community psychology, ecological psychology, and the social sciences. Sarason's rejection of social psychology as having little to offer community psychology is countered by a call for the rejuvenation and full development of applied social psychology, involving a creative integration of theory, research, and practice at all levels of human social functioning. Examples of useful concepts, research, and practice skills are given for 8 levels of interaction, and the advantages of approaching the community from an applied social psychology perspective are made clear. (French summary) (44 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A place for discontent and tensions in psychology.

R. M. Cooper (see record 1983-26906-001) commented on the failure of psychology for physiological psychologists and advised his colleagues to abandon psychology in favor of the neurosciences. Cooper's discontent may be seen as arising naturally from certain inevitable tensions between perspectives and methods in the physical and behavioral sciences. Clinical psychologists are similarly caught between differing perspectives—those of behavioral science and clinical practice—and they also experience tensions and discontent. The discontent and tensions in psychology sometimes lead to overly narrow specialization and destructive rifts within the discipline. It is argued that these effects need not occur and that tensions between differing epistemic/theoretic perspectives in psychology are healthy and should be maintained. Such dialectics are needed to generate more complete and integrated knowledge, and the tension between science and practice is necessary for the advancement of clinical skills. (French abstract) (51 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Health care psychology and graduate education.

Contends that health care (HC) psychology should be more strongly emphasized in graduate clinical psychology training programs so that clinical psychologists can better meet demands for services that come from society, the HC field, clinical psychology itself, practicing clinical psychologists, and clinical psychology graduate students. The relationship of clinical psychology to HC psychology and the efficacy of training in HC psychology to meet those sources of demand are described. Various means of implementing graduate programs that stress or include HC psychology are discussed. (26 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Resurrecting the dodo: Prospects for a national clinical psychology programme accreditation system.

Comments on J. B. Conway's (see record 1985-10567-001) history of clinical psychology in Canada. The need for a national resurrection of clinical psychology and accreditation of doctoral-level training programs is examined, along with suggestions for expanding the nature of the curriculum in clinical training. (7 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Metareflections on the roles and functions of counseling psychologists.

Responds to comments by C. E. Watkins (see record 1984-32564-001) concerning the present author's (see record 1984-16046-001) discussion of the differing roles of counseling and clinical psychology. Although the 2 specialties share a number of professional activities and client groups, it is suggested that they are partially differentiated by the inclusion of normal populations in counseling treatment and severely disturbed populations in clinical psychology. (3 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Graduate training and research funding for clinical psychology in Canada: Review and recommendations.

Graduate training programs for clinical psychologists in Canada have almost uniformly developed around variations of one model - the scientist-practitioner. Training in this model, as it is exemplified in Canadian universities, may not result in appropriate preparation for the manpower needs of the future. Some alternate models are outlined in terms of possible changes in the role of the psychologist working in applied settings. Research and research funding problems in clinical psychology are inextricably related to the same problems for other areas of psychology, and the great need for more "bridging" research between the separate areas of psychology is emphasized. Recommendations on research funding policies are proposed in respect to the research needs of psychology and to the research needs of the community at large. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Clients deserve empirically supported treatments, not romanticism.

Comments on the article by K. J. Schneider (see record 1998-00122-001) on clinical psychology that spelled out implications for the entire discipline, elaborated the reasons for the threat to romanticism, the consequences that are associated with it, and the rich and practical advantages for reclaiming romanticism's legacy. The author mentions that romanticism can and should play a significantly greater role in our profession than it currently does. Finally, romanticism is discussed in light of another major alternative to mainstream psychology—postmodernism. The author argues that romanticism does have its place in psychology, but good science should not be sacrificed to revive it, particularly in clinical practice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

On the merger of clinical and counseling psychology.

Comments on an article by C. E. Watkins (see record 1986-12878-001) suggesting that human services psychology might be a good meeting point for clinical and counseling psychologists. The present author questions Watkins's arguments that both groups share a broad interest in health psychology and preventive interventions and that a reduction in the amount of vocational work done by counseling psychologists indicates a readiness for a merger with clinical psychology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Existential applications to practice: Can existentialism integrate psychotherapy?

Reviews the book, The psychology of existence: An integrative, clinical perspective by Kirk Schneider and Rollo May (see record 1994-98741-000). In light of what they see as a growing interest in existential psychology among training clinicians and researchers, Schneider and May have authored a text which introduces the existential movement and outlines clinical applications of existentialism in psychotherapy. The text's most significant contribution is the latter—the presentation of a guiding clinical framework for conducting the "existential- integrative approach" in psychotherapy. While many personality and psychotherapy texts include introductory chapters about existentialism, few discuss how therapy cases are conceptualized and conducted from an existential therapeutic orientation. This text is an important contribution to the clinical psychology training literature. In traditional clinical training programs, existential approaches to psychotherapy are often overlooked, because such approaches are viewed as purely philosophical rather than clinically applicable. Schneider and May challenge this view. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Psychology in Latin America": Errata.

Reports an error in the original article by Ruben Ardila (American Psychologist, 1968[Aug], 23[8], 567-574). The next to the last sentence in the first column on page 573 should read "In Table 5 I have listed 39 Latin American journals of psychology." On page 568 of the same article corrections for Table 1 are noted, and the corrected Table 1 listing the number of South American psychologists in 1941 and 1968 is given. (The following abstract of this article originally appeared in record 1969-01690-001.) Psychology in Latin America began as a practical discipline related to medicine, education, and philosophy. Scientific psychology started in 1898 with the foundation of the 1st laboratory of experimental psychology in Buenos Aires. Today there are departments of psychology in the majority of the Latin American countries, the main areas of interests being clinical psychology, cross-cultural research, psychometrics, operant conditioning, etc. Clinical psychology is growing as a profession, and in most of the countries there are professional associations of psychologists. Most psychological journals are devoted to general and applied psychology. Research and its applications are in progress, showing that psychology is a growing science and profession in Latin America. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

So that's what happened!

Comments on J. B. Conway's (see record 1985-10567-001) history of clinical psychology in Canada. Issues related to the development of accreditation criteria are examined, and the author's experiences as a graduate student in psychology during the 1960's and 1970's are briefly related to Conway's paper. (2 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Supplement to listing of APA-accredited doctoral and predoctoral internship training programs in psychology": Clarification.

Reports an error in the American Psychologist, 1994[Jul], Vol 49[7], 671. The supplement noted the phasing out of the accredited program in clinical psychology at Yeshiva University. However, this notice referred only to Yeshiva's clinical PhD program, not to its clinical PsyD program. (The following abstract of this article originally appeared in record 1994-42940-001.) Reports the changes announced by the American Psychological Association (APA) Committee on Accreditation in the list of APA-accredited doctoral programs in professional psychology and predoctoral internships for doctoral training in psychology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Clinical psychology training in Canada: Its development, current status, and the prospects for accreditation": Response to Conway.

Comments on J. B. Conway's (see record 1985-10567-001) history of clinical psychology in Canada. The discussion focuses on the sources of support for and opposition to the establishment of applied psychology programs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Clinical psychology seen some 50 years later.

Important developmental aspects of the history of clinical psychology over the past 50 yrs are considered, beginning with the author's own early Jamesian orientation toward viewing psychology (experimental and clinical) as a unity. Several reports influencing the development of clinical training in psychology are described, including the 1945 report of the Subcommittee on Graduate Internship Training to the Committees of the American Psychological Association (APA) and the American Association for Applied Psychology, "Recommended Graduate Training in Clinical Psychology," written in 1947 by the Committee on Training in Clinical Psychology, and that committee's subsequent progress reports written in 1948 and 1949. A report by F. H. Sanford to the APA Committee on Relations between Psychology and the Medical Profession, with its 13 aspirations of psychology, is seen to provide the basic principles guiding the relationship between psychology and other professions and a code of ethics still governing the present field of psychology. In summary, several pleas are directed at departments of psychology, divisions of psychology, and clinical psychology students to improve the effectiveness, validity, and standards of clinical training programs and to clarify the issues within clinical psychology and between different fields of psychology. (36 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Antireligious prejudice: Response to Gartner.

Questions the experimental design employed and use of some terms in the work of J. D. Gartner (see record 1987-05379-001), but concludes that Gartner's findings that clinical psychology graduate programs are reluctant to admit religious applicants are timely and relevant in the controversy associated with the attempted rapprochement between psychology and religion. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A few not-so-final comments.

Responds to comments and criticisms of the present author's (see record 1985-10567-001) account of the history and current status of clinical psychology in Canada. The need for the clinical psychology community to tolerate a variety of perspectives on such issues as accreditation, the scientist–professional model, and the validity of various training models is emphasized. (1 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Money and the mission of clinical psychology.

Replies to comments by S. R. Hamburg (see record 84-20390), J. W. Bush (see record 84-20386), and L. R. Lieberman (see record 84-20392) on K. Humphreys's paper (see record 83-28417) on clinical psychologists as psychotherapists. Humphreys questions 2 assumptions underlying the viewpoints of Hamburg, Bush, and Lieberman: (1) that clinical psychology has no influence over what society will pay for; and (2) that the success of clinical psychology is well indexed by money and jobs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

On Schneider's reply to Albee.

Responds to S. F. Schneider's (see record 1972-21036-001) reply to G. W. Albee's (see record 1971-08263-001) article on clinical psychology as a profession. Albee's provocation may be useful, since intergroup conflict in clinical psychology might produce constructive changes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

M. Powell Lawton (1923-2001).

Obituary for M. Powell Lawton (1923-2001). Lawton was known for his work in the fields of the clinical psychology of aging, environmental psychology, and emotion. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)