Prediction of Vapor‐Liquid Equilibrium inside Capillary Porous Plates

Capillary distillation is a relatively new separation process which uses capillary porous media for the separation of mixtures. It utilizes the solid‐liquid interfacial forces to alter the vapor‐liquid equilibrium (VLE) of mixtures inside the capillary porous plates. Previous studies have shown that capillary porous plates could significantly alter the VLE of binary mixtures. It was shown that the main factors affecting the alteration of VLE of binary mixtures are the polarization of the liquids and the porous plates as well as the polarization difference between the mixture components. In this study, the VLE data for the mixtures inside capillary porous plates have been predicted using the Wilson model and the theory of Abu Al‐Rub and Datta on VLE inside capillary porous media. The validity of the developed model has been assessed by comparing predicted VLE results of some binary mixtures inside capillary porous plates with experimental VLE data. The comparison showed that the model developed could predict the VLE of the studied systems accurately.     

状态方程模拟醇胺系统的密度和汽液相平衡

通过考虑醇胺分子间的缔合作用,结合先前开发的非缔合变阱宽链流体状态方程(SWCF-VREOS)建立了一个缔合方阱链流体状态方程,并利用方程模拟了醇胺系统的密度和汽液相平衡。通过关联不同温度下醇胺的饱和蒸气压和液体体积得到了18种醇胺流体的分子参数,新方程计算的饱和蒸气压和液体密度总的平均误差分别为0.94%和0.88%。结合简单的混合规则,将此方程扩展到混合系统。研究发现,建立的方程可预测二元和三元醇胺混合物的密度。当引入一个与温度无关的可调参数时,方程能满意关联二元系统的汽液相平衡数据,并可进一步预测多元混合系统的汽液相平衡,预示着新方程可模拟醇胺系统的相行为。     

甲基二氯硅烷-甲基三氯硅烷-甲苯三元体系等压汽液平衡

In this paper, the boiling points of methyldichlorosilane-methyltrichlorosilane-toluene system and of the three binary systems are determined at 101.3 kPa with a new type of magnetic pump-ebulliometer.The VLE data of the three binary systems, respectively,are correlated with the Margules, van Laar, Wilson, and NRTL equations. The equilibrium composition of the vapor phase of three binary systems are calculated from TPX by indirect method. Activity coefficients are calculated after accounting for the nonideality of the vapor phase. The model parameters of liquid activity coefficient are correlated by the least square method. The vapor pressure of the pure components are obtained by using Antoine constants from the literature. The VLE data of ternary system are predicted by the Wilson equation. The calculated boiling points show good agreement with the experimental data.     

基于黏滞球模型的CPA状态方程应用于醇胺系统相平衡的计算

考虑到醇胺及其混合物中分子间存在缔合作用的事实,结合立方型PR状态方程,通过引入基于黏滞球模型(SSM)发展起来的缔合流体的分子热力学模型,建立了一个新的CPA(cubic-plus-association)状态方程,即CPA-SSM,并将方程应用到醇胺系统相平衡的计算中。通过关联对比温度0.55～0.90范围下醇胺流体的实验饱和蒸气压和液相体积得到了8种醇胺流体的分子参数。结果表明,CPA-SSM方程可满意地计算出醇胺饱和蒸气压和液体密度,总平均误差分别只有0.57%和1.80%。对醇胺混合物,无论是恒压还是恒温系统,只需引入一个与温度无关的可调参数,CPA-SSM方程即可满意关联二元系统的汽液平衡数据,并可进一步预测多元混合物的汽液平衡。     

甲基三氯硅烷、甲基乙烯基二氯硅烷、甲苯的二元及三元体系等压汽液平衡

引　言甲基乙烯基二氯硅烷是重要的有机硅单体和硅烷偶联剂 ,在硅橡胶、涂料、印染、化妆品等领域有着广泛的应用 .在合成甲基乙烯基二氯硅烷的过程中 ,甲苯作为均相催化剂的载体以及反应的媒介体循环使用 ,甲基三氯硅烷是副产物 ,在分离过程的设计中需要有关甲基三氯硅烷、甲基乙烯基二氯硅烷、甲苯体系的汽液平衡数据 ,此前文献尚未见报道 .为了满足过程开发与工程设计的需要 ,本研究测定了甲基三氯硅烷、甲基乙烯基二氯硅烷和甲苯三元体系及其 3个二元体系的相平衡数据 ,并进行了热力学关联 .1　实验部分1 1　试　剂甲基三氯硅烷 :江西蓝…     

二甲基硫醚-吡啶-N,N-二甲基乙酰胺体系汽液平衡关联和预测

在101.325 kPa下用沸点仪测定了二甲基硫醚-吡啶、二甲基硫醚-N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、吡啶-N,N-二甲基乙酰胺3个二元体系以及二甲基硫醚-吡啶-N,N-二甲基乙酰胺三元体系不同液相组成时的汽液平衡数据,3个二元体系活度因子分别用Wilson、NRTL、Margules、van Laar和UNIQUAC模型进行关联,用最小二乘法求出了它们的液相活度因子模型参数,用这些模型参数计算它们的汽相组成。根据过量Gibbs自由能函数,采用间接法由Tpx预测了3个二元系的汽相平衡组成。用所得的液相活度因子计算3个二元体系的过量Gibbs自由能。3个二元体系的Wilson、NRTL、Margules、van Laar和UNIQUAC模型参数分别对所测的三元体系数据进行关联,建立该系统汽液平衡的热力学模型并计算平衡时的汽相组成和泡点温度。分别由Herington法和McDermott-Ellis法对3个二元体系和三元体系进行热力学一致性检验,结果表明这些相平衡数据满足热力学一致性。     

含盐多元体系汽液相平衡数据测定及预测

对甲醇／乙醇/水／NH_4NO_3四元体系中的有关含盐二元汽液相平衡数据进行了测定及关联．提出用化学滴定──色谱分析联合法确定含盐液相组成．关联所得的最佳参数用于该体系三元及四元汽液相平衡数据的预测,并与实验值作了比较．结果表明,预测值与实验值符合良好．     

缔合体系汽-液相平衡的研究(Ⅱ)——三元缔合体系汽-液相平衡的研究

本文提出了多元缔合体系汽-液相平衡的热力学模型,并用其计算了缔合体系水-甲酸-乙酸、水-乙酸-丙酸、水-甲酸-丙酸及甲酸-乙酸-丙酸在760mmHg下的实验液相活度系数。活度系数的计算值由Wilson方程或McCann方程给出。由相应二元体系的汽-液相平衡数据对三元体系的沸点及汽相组成进行了预测。结果表明,预测值能较好地同实验数据相吻合。     

Isobaric vapor–liquid equilibrium for ternary system of ethanol,ethyl propionate and para-xylene at 101.3 kPa

Isobaric vapor–liquid equilibrium(VLE) data for the binary system ethyl propionate(2) + para-xylene(3) and ternary system ethanol(1) + ethyl propionate(2) + para-xylene(2) at atmospheric pressure(101.3 k Pa)were obtained by a VLE modified othmer still. All the experimental data passed a point to point consistency test of Van Ness method, which verified the data reliability. The Wilson and UNIQUAC activity coefficient models were employed to correlate the binary VLE data to obtain binary interaction parameters. Based on binary interaction parameters, ternary VLE data of ethanol(1) + ethyl propionate(2) + para-xylene(3) were predicted by Wilson and UNIQUAC models, which proved that predicted values are consistent with the experimental data.Furthermore, azeotropic phenomenon between ethanol and ethyl propionate disappears when the mole ratio of para-xylene and binary system of ethanol and ethyl propionate is 1:1. Therefore, this paper convinced that para-xylene is a proper extractive additive that could be used in extractive distillation to separate the binary azeotropic system of ethanol and ethyl propionate.     

局部组成型的互扩散系数模型

根据局部组成概念建立了混合物中互扩散系数与自扩系数的关系,并以分子集团迁移的概念建立了混合物中组分的自扩散系数的预测方法,由此预测二元系的自扩散系数和互扩散系数与实验结果符合良好,比经典的Ｈａｒｔｌｅｙ模型有了很大地改进。     

DME-CO2-CH3OH和DME-CO2-C2H5OH体系的高压汽液相平衡研究

In this study, the Gibbs-Duhem equation was applied to make the thermodynamic consistency test and thermodynamic model estimation for systems of CO2-DME （dimethyl ether）, DME-CH3OH, CO2-CH3OH and DME-C2H5OH systems on the basis of the vapor-liquid equilibrium （VLE） experimental data in published reports. And the NRTL binary interaction parameters of the systems mentioned above were regressed by the VLE data and were subjected to a thermodynamic consistency test because the study showed that PR-NRTL model combination was appropriate for the four systems mentioned above. The regressed binary interaction parameters were used to estimate the VLE for DME-CO2-CH3OH at temperatures of 313.15K and 333.15K, and the estimated result was coincident with the experimental data. On the basis of the predicted VLE data for systems of DME-CO2-CH3OH and DME-CO2-C2H5OH, the VLE behaviors of the two systems were studied by the phase diagrams of these two ternary systems, with the forms of both the two dimensional and three dimensional phase diagrams, respectively.     

苯、甲苯和对二甲苯二元和三元系的汽液平衡

本文在改进的Dvorak-Boublik平衡釜中测定了101.33kPa下的苯、甲苯和对二甲苯三组二元系和一组三元系的汽液平衡(VLE)数据。对二元的实验数据作了热力学一致性检验和Wilson方程关联,又由回归二元数据得到的Wilson方程参数推算了三元VLE数据,并将其与测定的数据作了比较,两者符合得较好。     

二甲基硫醚-二硫化碳-甲醇体系等压汽液平衡

用泵式沸点仪测定了100 kPa下二甲基硫醚-二硫化碳、二甲基硫醚-甲醇2个二元系以及二甲基硫醚-二硫化碳-甲醇三元系在不同液相组成时的汽液平衡数据,用Wilson、NRTL、Margules和van Laar模型分别对2个二元系活度系数进行关联,用最小二乘法求出其液相活度系数模型参数,用这些模型参数来计算其汽相组成y,根据过量Gibbs自由能函数Q(GE/RT),采用间接法由Tpx推算了2个二元系的汽相平衡组成。用所得的液相活度系数计算2个二元系的过量吉布斯自由能函数GE/RT,并由2个二元系与三元系回归出二硫化碳-甲醇二元系的NRTL模型参数。用3个二元系NRTL模型参数对所测的三元系数据进行关联,建立三元系汽液平衡的热力学模型并计算平衡时的汽相组成y和泡点温度。分别由Herington法和McDermott-Ellis法对2个二元系和三元系进行热力学一致性检验,结果表明这些相平衡数据满足热力学一致性。     

用变阱宽方阱链流体状态方程模拟离子液体相行为

An equation of state (EOS) for square-well chain fluids with variable range (SWCF-VR) developed based on statistical mechanics for chemical association was employed for the calculations of pressure-volume-temperature (pVT) and phase equilibrium of pure ionic liquids (ILs) and their mixtures. The new molecular parameters for 23 ILs were obtained by fitting their experimental density data over a wide temperature and pressure ranges. The molecular parameters of ILs composed of homologous organic cation and an identical anion such as [Cxmim][NTf2] are good linear with respect to their molecular weight, indicating that the molecular pa-rameters of homologous substances, subsequently pVT and vapor-liquid equilibria vapor-liquid equilibria (VLE) can be predicted using the generalized parameter when no experimental data were available. The new set of parameters were satisfactorily used for calculations of the property of solvent and ILs mixture and the solubility of gas in various ILs at low pressure only using one tem-perature-independent binary interaction parameter.     

Isobaric vapor–liquid equilibria for mixtures of tetrahydrofuran, 2-propanol, and 2,2,4-trimethylpentane at 101.3 kPa

Vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) at 101.3 kPa have been determined for a ternary system (tetrahydofuran + 2-propanol + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane) and its constituent binary systems (tetrahydrofuran + 2-propanol, tetrahydrofuran + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, and 2-propanol + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane). The activity coefficients of liquid mixtures were calculated from the modified Raoult's law. Thermodynamic consistency tests were performed for all VLE data. The VLE data of the binary mixtures and ternary mixtures were correlated using the Margules, Wilson, NRTL, and UNIQUAC activity-coefficient models. The models with their best-fitted interaction parameters of the binary systems were used to predict the ternary vapor–liquid equilibrium. All VLE data are also used to calculate the reduced excess molar Gibbs free energy g^E/RT and the deviations in the boiling point ΔT. The calculated quantities of g^E/RT and ΔT were fitted to variable-degree polynomials in terms of liquid composition.     

甲醇-乙酸、甲醇-丙酸和乙酸-丙酸二元体系汽液平衡

用新型泵式沸点仪测定了101.325 kPa下甲醇-乙酸、甲醇-丙酸和乙酸-丙酸3个二元系在不同液相组成时的沸点,用过量自由能函数Q,采用间接法由Tpx推算了3个二元体系的汽相平衡组成y。3个二元体系活度系数分别用Wilson模型、NRTL模型、Margules模型和Van Laar模型进行关联,用最小二乘法求出了它们的液相活度系数模型参数。用所得的液相活度系数来计算此二元体系的过量吉布斯自由能函数GE/(RT)。用3个二元系模型参数对所测的数据进行关联,建立该系统汽液平衡的热力学模型并计算平衡时的泡点温度。计算的泡点与实验的沸点吻合良好,经面积积分法检验,这些模型参数计算的3个二元体系相平衡数据具有很好的热力学一致性。     

离子液体1,3-二甲基咪唑磷酸二甲酯盐-甲醇浓溶液气液平衡

为了测定1,3-二甲基咪唑磷酸二甲酯盐([mmim]DMP)-甲醇体系在离子液体含量较高时的气液平衡数据,采用静态法测定了摩尔分数为0.40—0.47的[mmim]DMP-甲醇溶液在30—90℃的饱和蒸气压,并用非随机双液体(NRTL)模型对实验数据进行关联,得到相应的模型参数和关联偏差。结果表明:不同浓度溶液所适用的NRTL模型在参数形式和数值上也略有差异,文中的5个参数NRTL模型适用于中高浓度区,对溶液饱和蒸气压的关联偏差为0.015 9;不同浓度溶液的饱和蒸气压与温度的对应关系均与纯溶剂类似,符合Antoine方程的形式。从气液平衡的角度分析,[mmim]DMP-甲醇体系具有作为吸收式制冷工质对的应用潜质。     

EXTENSION OF SOAVE EQUATION OF STATE TO LIQUID DENSITY

On the basis of vapor pressures, volumes of saturated vapor and liquid, both parameters "a" and "b" in Soave equation of state are treated as temperature dependent and an extended Soave equation is proposed in this work. The VLE for 38 pure components including polar substances have been calculated. The comparison of calculated results with experimental data shows the prediction of liquid density is improved over Soave equation without losing the accuracy of prediction in vapor pressure and vapor density.     

Effect of surface area parameters on the vapor–liquid equilibrium calculations using a lattice fluid equation of state with hydrogen bonding

Vapor–liquid equilibrium calculations at ambient and elevated pressures were performed using the lattice fluid equation of state with hydrogen bonding (NLF-HB EoS) proposed by You et al. [7], [8] and Lee et al. [17]. Vapor–liquid equilibrium calculations composed of typical pure components were compared with electronic experimental database (Dortmund Data Bank). Special attention has been paid to the correction of surface area parameters. Bulkiness factors can be used to modify theoretical surface area parameters for molecules with nonlinear shapes. Empirical bulkiness factors were obtained from liquid density data and VLE data sets with n-hexane chosen as a reference component. Using empirical bulkiness factors, overall prediction performances without binary interaction parameters have been significantly improved. It is shown that the NLF-HB EoS have comparable prediction capability with UNIQUAC method or Peng–Robinson Equation of State only with pure component parameters and component-type-dependent hydrogen-bonding energy parameters for most systems considered in this study.