波浪腹板工形构件抗剪承载力设计理论及试验研究

波形腹板工形构件主要有三种波形形式,即梯形、三角形与正弦波浪波形等。在总结前人对梯形腹板抗剪承载力研究成果的基础上,对波浪腹板工形构件的腹板抗剪性能进行系统研究。针对波浪腹板的屈曲特性提出弹性剪切屈曲荷载的计算公式,给出计算公式的适用范围。基于弹塑性大挠度有限元分析研究波浪腹板的弹塑性屈曲性能以及屈曲后行为,揭示其抗剪承载力极限状态以及缺陷敏感性,提出弹塑性屈曲荷载的实用计算公式,建立波浪腹板抗剪承载力设计方法。进行6个波浪腹板短梁试件的抗剪承载力试验,揭示波浪腹板的抗剪极限状态与初始屈曲及屈曲后性能之间的关系。试验结果与有限元结果吻合很好,推荐的设计公式合理。     

波浪腹板工形构件疲劳性能试验研究及设计建议

波浪腹板工形构件在国内外除了用于工业厂房的梁柱外,还应用于工业厂房中的吊车梁。应用此种构件可以克服采用高而薄的平腹板工形构件必须设置横向加劲肋的缺点。吊车梁直接承受动力荷载,其承载力往往由其疲劳寿命控制。国内外现有对波形腹板构件疲劳性能的试验及理论研究多集中于梯形波折腹板工形构件,对波浪腹板工形构件的研究还很少。通过两根足尺试件的疲劳试验研究以及理论分析给出了波浪腹板工形构件的疲劳设计建议,获得了按照我国目前《钢结构设计规范》中疲劳验算的分类(属于2类)。此外,通过有限元软件详细分析了疲劳破坏位置附近的正应力与剪应力的分布及变化规律,剖析了影响疲劳的主要因素,验证了试验结果。通过比较平腹板、梯形波折腹板、波浪腹板工形截面梁的疲劳性能,指出波浪腹板工形构件的疲劳寿命优于梯形波折腹板构件,略逊于平腹板构件。最后根据一工程设计实例,给出波浪腹板吊车梁疲劳验算的方法。     

波浪腹板受弯构件设计理论及试验研究

波浪腹板工形构件由翼缘与波浪腹板通过高频焊接组成,作为受弯构件具有较高的承载效率。基于波浪腹板工形构件截面承载力的简化模型,提出波浪腹板受弯构件强度和抗剪稳定承载力计算公式,同时亦给出考虑波浪腹板剪切变形的构件挠度计算方法;对2根足尺的波浪腹板工形截面梁进行面内加载试验,揭示受弯构件加载破坏过程及破坏机理;同时以有限元分析进行佐证,分析构件初始缺陷对其破坏形式的影响。研究表明,试验结果与有限元分析结果吻合较好,亦验证建议设计方法的合理性。     

弯剪共同作用下不锈钢薄腹梁承载性能试验研究

为研究不锈钢薄腹梁在弯矩和剪力共同作用下的承载性能,进行了6根焊接工字形截面不锈钢梁的试验研究。结果表明,所有梁试件的破坏形态为结合了腹板剪切屈曲和受压区板件局部鼓曲的弯剪联合屈曲。建立精细有限元数值模型对试验过程进行模拟,同时考虑了不锈钢材料、几何双非线性,局部几何初始缺陷和焊接残余应力的影响。基于得出的试验和有限元分析结果,对我国《钢结构设计标准》(GB 50017—2017)中考虑腹板屈曲后强度的梁弯剪相关计算方法进行评估。分析表明：当梁的极限承载力受剪切控制时,腹板正则化宽厚比较大时的规范计算承载力偏于保守,而正则化宽厚比较小时的计算承载力与试验和有限元分析结果较为接近;当梁的极限承载力由弯剪共同作用控制时,规范中公式的承载力计算值偏于安全。总体而言,GB 50017—2017的计算方法可以直接应用于计算不锈钢焊接截面梁在弯剪共同作用下的极限承载力。     

腹板开有圆孔的波浪腹板工形构件抗剪和抗弯承载力研究

波浪腹板工形构件在实际工程应用中,往往由于穿管线等使用功能要求需要在腹板中间开孔。目前,国内外很少看到波浪腹板开孔后抗剪及抗弯承载力研究的相关文献。通过大量有限元数值分析,研究开孔后波浪腹板工形构件截面剪应力的分布及变化,进而通过弹塑性屈曲分析,获得计算其抗剪承载力的拟合公式。此外,还讨论了开孔对波浪腹板梁受弯承载力及挠度的影响,以及开双孔时孔间距的影响。     

波浪腹板轴心受压构件设计方法及试验研究

波浪腹板工形构件作为受弯构件具有较高的承载效率。波浪腹板工形构件作为轴心受压构件使用,在截面合理设计条件下也仍不失为一种性能良好的构件。通过理论和数值分析,对波浪腹板轴心受压构件的稳定性设计理论进行研究,提出其稳定承载力的计算方法;制作了两个试件进行轴压试验研究,并与有限元分析结果进行对比。同时比较平腹板与波浪腹板受压构件的经济性,说明在构件绕强轴失稳破坏的情况下,减小波浪腹板的厚度而增大其高度可获得较大的承载力。     

波浪腹板梁平面外稳定承载力设计理论与试验研究

目前国外对波浪腹板梁的平面外稳定设计问题主要采用简化计算模型,缺乏精确的设计公式。从构件的截面翘曲惯性矩计算方法出发,提出波浪腹板梁临界弯矩的精确计算方法。有限元分析结果显示,仅在腹板波幅较大时,腹板波浪对构件的临界弯矩有明显影响。在此基础上提出波浪腹板梁弯扭屈曲稳定系数的一般计算方法。通过大量的有限元算例分析,以及与现有各国规范对工形截面梁面外稳定设计方法的比较,建议采用澳洲规范中的方法来确定构件弹塑性稳定系数与弹性稳定系数之间的关系。三根波浪腹板梁平面外稳定承载力试验结果与有限元分析吻合较好,验证了建议的设计方法的合理性。     

波浪腹板工形梁支承加劲肋设计方法研究

为解决波浪腹板工形梁支承加劲肋设计问题,进行了受力机理的研究,根据受力状态的不同对加劲肋进行分类,并采用ANSYS进行了有限元模型的数值分析;将波浪腹板对加劲肋的约束作用简化为等效约束长度的平腹板,将支承加劲肋转化为在腹板平面内失稳的轴压构件并计算其稳定性;通过参数分析,揭示了等效约束长度与腹板幅长比及腹板高厚比相关,进而建立了单侧与两侧约束情况下等效约束长度的计算公式.结果表明:与平腹板工形构件不同,波浪腹板工形构件的腹板面外刚度增大,但腹板沿构件轴向刚度变小,因而对加劲肋的面外约束不足,需要重新评估加劲肋在集中荷载作用下的稳定性计算;提出的波浪腹板工形梁支承加劲设计方法具有较好的安全性和经济性.     

波折腹板工形构件截面承载力设计方法

从波折腹板工形构件的受力机理出发,利用有限元软件ANSYS计算了波折腹板工形构件在轴压力作用、弯矩作用和剪力作用下的承载力。通过分析其截面应力分布情况,得出了波折腹板工形构件在轴压力作用和弯矩作用下由翼缘承受绝大部分荷载,在剪力作用下由腹板承受绝大部分荷载的结论,并提出了合理的截面承载力计算模型。所得结论可作为波折腹板工形构件截面承载力计算的依据。     

超高性能混凝土梁抗弯承载力机理与简化计算

为推进超高性能混凝土（UHPC）构件在实际工程中的应用，对无配筋的素UHPC梁抗弯性能进行了一系列理论分析和数值模拟研究。基于已有经验公式和平截面假定，推导出UHPC梁开裂弯矩和极限承载力计算公式。利用ABAQUS有限元软件建立素UHPC梁的数值分析模型，将开裂弯矩和极限承载力公式计算值与梁开裂弯矩和极限弯矩模拟值进行比较。结果表明：开裂弯矩公式计算值与有限元模拟值偏差率为6.16%，极限承载力公式计算值与有限元模拟值偏差率仅为1.38%。说明公式计算值具有较高的精度，也验证了计算方法的可靠性。     

部分混凝土外包波形钢腹板组合工字梁的抗剪性能试验研究

针对提高负弯矩作用下连续梁的结构特性提出了一种新型的部分混凝土外包波形钢腹板组合工字梁。对这种混凝土外包组合工字梁在对抗荷载下的抗剪性能进行试验分析研究。试验结果显示与普通的工字梁相比,混凝土外包组合工字梁的剪切屈曲因受外包混凝土的限制而有了更好的抗剪强度。由于组合截面的抗剪刚度是基于波形钢腹板和破裂前外包混凝土平均厚度的总和,且其抗剪强度决定了由钢腹板和外包混凝土共享的抗剪强度比。此外,根据试验中的破坏模式和应变分布,提出部分混凝土外包波形钢腹板组合工字梁的预估抗剪强度。试验结果验证了之前分析得出的弹性阶段的抗剪刚度和抗剪比。且之前计算得出的钢腹板与组合梁的抗剪强度也与试验结果一致。通过对比可知文中提到的分析方法可以应用到部分混凝土外包波形钢腹板组合工字梁结构的抗剪刚度预估和抗剪强度设计中去。     

Shear behavior of partially encased composite I-girder with corrugated steel web: Experimental study

A new type of partially encased composite I-girder with corrugated steel web has been proposed to improve the structural performance of continuous girders under hogging moment. The shear behavior of such partially encased composite I-girders under anti-symmetric loading has been experimentally and analytically investigated. Experimental results show that the partially encased composite girders has superior shear strength compared to steel I-girders, since shear bucking of steel web is restricted by concrete encasement. The shear stiffness of the composite section is based on the total summation of corrugated web and concrete encasement with average thickness before cracking, and the ratio of shear resistance shared by the steel web and the concrete encasement depends on their shear stiffness. In addition, predicted shear strength of the partially encased composite girder with corrugated web is proposed according to the experimental failure mode and strain distribution. The analytical shear stiffness and shear resistance ratio at the elastic stage are verified by experimental results. And the calculated shear strength for steel and composite girders agree well with the experimental results. The comparison shows that the proposed analytical methods can be applied in predicting elastic shear stiffness and design shear strength for such partially encased composite girders with corrugated web.     

偏心受压波浪腹板阶形柱稳定性与侧移计算

首先分析波浪腹板阶形柱计算长度系数计算的相关问题,理论推导过程中考虑剪切变形对其稳定性的影响,得到考虑剪切变形时计算长度系数计算的精确公式,并与不考虑剪切变形的计算公式(GB50017—2003《钢结构设计规范》)以及有限元计算结果进行对比,从而得出了CECS 290∶2011《波浪腹板钢结构技术规程》中对于波浪腹板阶形柱计算长度系数计算的取值原则。其次,对波浪腹板阶形柱在侧向荷载作用下的变形进行分析,得到计算波浪腹板阶形柱侧向变形的计算公式。另外,根据波浪腹板阶形柱的特殊性,对波浪腹板阶形柱连接处的肩梁构造与计算方法进行阐述。     

Shear strength of trapezoidal corrugated steel webs

Shear strength of trapezoidal corrugated steel webs is an important issue for the design of box girder bridges with trapezoidal corrugated steel webs. Eight H-shape steel girders with trapezoidal corrugated webs are firstly tested to investigate the shear behavior of webs. An extensive parametric study based on the linear elastic buckling analysis is then conducted to derive the simplified formula for calculating the elastic shear buckling strength of trapezoidal corrugated steel webs considering three different shear buckling modes. The proposed formula can give more satisfactory results for predicting the elastic shear buckling strength than some available formulae provided in the literature when compared with the numerical results. Furthermore, the nonlinear buckling analysis is conducted to intensively investigate the shear strength associated with initial geometric imperfections, and the formulae of the shear strength are proposed. Good agreements can be observed between the results calculated using the proposed prediction formula in this paper and the experimental results, and a design formula is also recommended for the routine shear design of trapezoidal corrugated steel webs.     

Fatigue strength evaluation of welded structural details in corrugated steel web girders

Fatigue strength evaluation of welded structural details is of practical significance in the design of corrugated steel web girders in highway bridges and industrial structures. In this paper, the fatigue strengths of corrugated steel web girders with several welded structural details and welding methods are analytically examined by fatigue tests of corrugated web beams and small-size welded joints. The stress concentration & distribution characteristics of corrugated web beams were analysed using finite element analysis. The beam test results showed that the structure with scallops or notches in the flange has lower fatigue strength and that with butt joints is prone to suffer from shear crack on the corrugated web. Within the inside range of the scallop, the stress concentration becomes greater with the increase of scallop radius and the tension flange contributes significantly to the bending capacity of corrugated steel web beams. The tests for small-size welded joints indicated their applicability in the analysis and prediction of S-N relationship of the test corrugated steel web beams. Finally, the fatigue crack propagation lives of weld joints were compared with those of test corrugated steel web beams with respect to related design Categories of the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications.     

Shear buckling strength and design of curved corrugated steel webs for bridges

This paper presents the shear buckling strength and design of curved corrugated steel webs for bridges considering material inelasticity. The inelastic buckling strength is determined from buckling curves based on the proposed shear buckling parameter, which is a function of the elastic shear buckling strength of steel web and the material shear yielding strength. A finite element analysis is carried out to study the geometric parameters affecting the shear buckling strength of curved corrugated steel webs for bridges. Based on the numerical results, a shear buckling parameter formula is proposed with no need to calculate either local, global, or interactive buckling parameters. But it depends on the geometric properties of the curved corrugated web profile. Another formula is presented to maximize the shear buckling capacity of curved corrugated web. The proposed formulae agreed well with the published experimental data. The curved corrugated webs produce a tremendous increase in the shear buckling strength and considerable weight saving in regard to the corresponding trapezoidal corrugated webs. The corrugation angle has a considerable effect on the behavior of curved corrugated webs, where higher corrugation angles produce a tremendous increase in the shear buckling strength of curved corrugated webs. It was found that the proposed approach provides a good prediction for the shear buckling strength of curved corrugated steel webs of bridges.     

考虑腹板剪切变形及滑移的波形钢腹板梁理论模型

在采用栓钉等柔性剪力连接件的波形钢腹板组合梁中,由于波形钢腹板较大的剪切变形及双界面剪切滑移,平截面假定不再适用。为此,通过将波形钢腹板梁的弯曲分解为顶底板整体满足平截面假定的主弯曲和顶底板各自满足平截面假定的次弯曲,引入波形钢腹板的剪切变形协调条件和界面剪切滑移关系,推导了考虑波形钢腹板剪切变形及界面滑移的波形钢腹板梁弹性弯曲微分方程,利用给出的横隔板对次弯曲和滑移的约束边界条件,求得了简支波形钢腹板梁在不同荷载作用下的解析解,并采用有限元分析予以验证。在此基础上,分析了横隔板及滑移对梁体弯曲性能的影响。结果表明：横隔板约束对梁体变形影响很小,但会使其附近梁段顶底板出现应力集中;当界面剪切刚度系数大于0.9时,在高跨比1/20~1/10范围内,考虑滑移与不考虑滑移梁跨中挠度比小于1.05;界面剪切刚度系数越小,横隔板附近梁段顶底板应力集中越严重。     

Ultimate strength of girders with trapezoidally corrugated webs under patch loading

Ultimate strength of steel plate girders with trapezoidally corrugated webs under patch loading is studied using a non-linear finite element method. Effect of large deflection is taken into account and a von Mises material either without strain hardening (elastic-perfectly plastic), or with strainhardening obeying Ramberg-Osgood's equation, is assumed. The following factors that influence the ultimate strength are investigate (1) strainhardening models; (2) initial imperfections (local and global); (3) variation of yield stress and strain-hardening degree at the corrugation corners due to cold forming, ‘corner-effects’; (4) loading position; (S) load distribution length, and (6) variation of geometric parameters. Based upon the numerical results obtained, an empirical formula for the prediction of the ultimate strength is suggested.