生物医用钛合金表面改性综述

钛合金在医学领域得到广泛的应用,被用于替代和修复硬组织的重要材料。对目前医用钛合金存在的一些主要问题进行了阐述。介绍了表面改性的主要方法,通过表面改性技术对其生物活性、耐磨性和耐蚀性能进一步提高;还介绍了功能梯度的作用以及其制备方法,采用功能梯度材料提高涂层与基体材料之间的结合强度。最后讨论了钛合金表面改性以及功能梯度材料的一些缺陷,然后对其将来的发展方向进行了展望。     

用蛋膜作模板制备仿生纳米超结构材料的方法

用蛋膜作模板制备仿生纳米超结构材料的方法，涉及一种仿生纳米超结构材料的制备技术。先将蛋壳除掉表面矿物质得蛋膜，去离子水清洗后备用。然后取浓度为0．05～0．20mol／L，离子摩尔数之比与产物化学式相对应的含钙、钡离子的阳离子化合物溶液和含铬酸根、硫酸根、钼酸根、钨酸根的阴离子化合物溶液，分置于蛋膜的两侧，调节pH，室温下反应10～15h。最后取蛋膜两侧反应产物，     

304不锈钢表面冷喷涂TC4钛合金涂层性能研究

采用冷喷涂技术在304不锈钢表面制备了TC4钛合金涂层,通过扫描电子显微镜观察了涂层的形貌、组织结构,并利用电化学方法研究了涂层的腐蚀电化学特征。研究结果表明,冷喷涂制备的TC4钛合金涂层致密性存在较为明显的梯度现象,靠近基体的涂层密度明显高于表面;涂层喷涂过程没有出现明显氧化现象,与基体的结合强度可达20 MPa左右;涂层的耐腐蚀性能优于304不锈钢,可大大提升不锈钢材料在海洋环境中的耐点蚀性能。     

钛及钛合金植入体表面微纳结构制备技术及生物性能研究进展

对国内外医用钛及钛合金植入体表面微纳结构制备技术的研究现状进行综述。介绍了喷砂、微切削和激光等机械加工方法,等离子喷涂、溅射等物理方法,酸蚀、碱热处理、阳极氧化等化学处理方法在钛及钛合金植入体表面制备的微纳结构,概述了微纳结构对钛及钛合金植入体生物相容性的影响。最后,总结各种制备方法的优劣,并结合目前医用钛及钛合金植入体表面微纳结构研究中存在的问题,指出了植入体表面微纳结构制备方法的发展趋势。     

钛合金表面激光熔覆固体自润滑涂层

综述了激光熔覆技术在钛合金表面制备固体自润滑涂层的研究现状。采用激光熔覆技术可以在钛合金表面制备出具有优异减摩性能的固体自润滑涂层,其减摩效果与所选用的激光器、熔覆材料的成分配比、添加剂的添加方式等有密切关系。最后指出了今后该技术的发展方向:1开发高水平的激光熔覆设备;2开发新型熔覆材料体系,使其能应用于不同的环境和很宽的温度范围中;3开发多层涂层、智能涂层(如自修复功能)和梯度涂层;4对激光表面熔覆处理过程进行数值模拟,实现激光熔覆过程的定量控制。     

激光原位制备硼化钛与镍钛合金增强钛基复合涂层

<正>北京工业大学材料学院的前期研究表明,通过在TC4钛合金表面直接采用激光原位熔覆Ti B2粉末能够制备出具有Ti B2颗粒和Ti B短纤维梯度分布的涂层。据此,该学院试图采用纯Ni与Ti B2粉末作为熔覆材料,运用激光熔覆原位技术在TC4钛合金表面制备出以高硬度Ti B2和Ti B为增强相,以高韧性Ni Ti和Ti为基体的复合涂层。然而在Ni+Ti二元合     

医用钛合金表面防护技术研究取得新成果

<正>2023年1月,安徽工业大学先进金属材料绿色制备与表面技术教育部重点实验室张世宏教授团队在《Corrosion Science》上发表了医用钛合金表面防护的最新研究成果。医用钛合金具有密度小、比强度高、生物相容性好和耐腐蚀性优良等特点,是人体植入体的首选材料,但其长期服役于人体环境中易产生腐蚀磨损,进而影响钛合金植入件的功能。物理气相沉积(简称PVD)技术所制备的氮化锆(ZrN)涂层具有优异的抗磨性能和生物相容性,     

信息

专利名称:用蛋膜作模板制备仿生纳米超结构材料的方法专利申请号:03150856.1公开号:CN1522794申请日:2003.09.05公开日:2004.08.25申请人:同济大学用蛋膜作模板制备仿生纳米超结构材料的方法,涉及一种仿生纳米超结构材料的制备技术。先将蛋壳除掉表面矿物质得蛋膜,去离子水清洗后备用。然后取浓度为0.05~0.20 mol/L,离子摩尔数之比与产物化学式相对应的含钙、钡离子的阳离子化合物溶液和含铬酸根、硫酸根、钼酸根、钨酸根的阴离子化合物溶液,分置于蛋膜的两侧,调节pH,室温下反应10~15 h。最后取蛋膜两侧反应产物,室温下离心分离,弃去澄清…     

原位扩散形成功能梯度硬质材料的研究进展

功能梯度硬质材料是20世纪80年代将功能梯度材料(FGM)的概念应用于硬质合金和金属陶瓷而发展起来的一类新型材料.本文综述了目前国内外用原位扩散控制方法-氮化工艺制备功能梯度硬质材料的研究进展,详细介绍了冶金学基础、成分体系和梯度结构类型、主要类型梯度结构的制备工艺和形成机理,比较了切削性能,并讨论了今后研究工作的重点.     

钛及钛合金人体植入材料研究进展

钛及其合金因其具有低密度、高比强度、低弹性模量、良好的生物相容性和耐蚀性等特点, 被认为是一种理想的人体植入金属材料, 广泛应用于骨关节替换、牙齿修复等方面, 且对其的需求量快速增长; 同时, 钛也存在骨整合率低、抗菌性差、耐磨性差等缺陷, 急需进一步研究和改进。本文介绍了钛及钛合金作为人体植入材料的优异特性, 概述了国内外关于新型β型钛合金、表面改性钛合金、多孔钛合金、钛-陶复合材料的研究进展, 总结了钛及钛合金材料存在的一些问题, 为新型钛及钛合金材料的设计研发, 钛及钛合金综合性能的优化, 钛及钛合金使用寿命的延长提供参考。     

激光诱导击穿光谱分析中钛合金样品制备方法研究

Ti-47.5Al-2.5V-1.0Cr钛合金具有高温延展性好、高温强度大的特点,有用于铸造涡轮、涡流器、叶片等高温部件的潜力。在用激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)对合金或部件内部定量分析前,需预先将被分析钛合金样品和钛合金标准样品用相同的方法制备以去除表面氧化层、铸造反应层和污染物。鉴于该钛合金为室温脆性材料,不适于切削制备样品,宜采用磨抛方法制备样品,而磨抛制备样品时因发热粘滞会造成样品表面污染,影响LIBS分析钛合金中成分。实验用LIBS评价光谱磨样机磨制、金相磨样机磨制、手工磨制、手工抛光、辉光氩离子轰击等几种方法去除不同组织钛合金标样表面氧化层、污染物的效果。通过LIBS分析发现,样品制备过程中污染来源于制造砂纸的胶接剂,磨制线速度、磨料粒度、抛光方向影响制备效果,且样品的组织也影响污染物去除效果。用碳化硅砂纸光谱磨样机高速磨制钛合金表面碳污染层深度大,达15μm,高于水冷金相磨样机中速磨制的碳污染层深度,说明温度高促进碳在钛合金中的扩散;中低速磨制时,使用的砂纸标号越高,含碳、钙的污染物在样品表面附着增加。中速磨制时,与α相亲和力强的钙、铝等元素在α组织的钛合金扩散深度较α+β、α_2+γ组织钛合金大,钙污染深度达10μm,而碳在不同组织的钛合金表面扩散没有明显差别。手工低速磨制时,在钛合金表面上的碳、钙污染层较浅,深度为1~3μm,与磨痕深度一致。双向或沿磨削纹理抛光效果优于垂直纹理抛光效果,残留污染物深度不超过1μm,与辉光氩离子轰击效果相近。实验研究解决了钛合金样品制备易受污染的问题,LIBS分析碳等元素的校准曲线得到改善,测量精度得到提高。对于Ti-47.5Al-2.5V-1.0Cr钛合金样品分析的结果同其他方法的对照结果一致性较好。     

冷喷涂TC4合金涂层性能研究

冷喷涂技术由于处理温度低,在制备易氧化和热敏感材料方面有很大的优势,特别是制备钛合金涂层能保持钛不被氧化发蓝。不锈钢受氯离子影响在海洋环境中点蚀风险极大,影响了其在海洋环境的应用,钛合金涂层则可以有效的解决这个问题。本文采用冷喷涂方法在不同工艺参数下在304不锈钢表面制备了Ti-6Al-4V(TC4)合金涂层,利用微观方法观察了涂层的形貌、组织结构,并利用电化学方法研究了涂层的腐蚀电化学特征。研究结果表明,冷喷涂制备的TC4合金涂层表观形貌较为粗糙,且内部组织结构不够紧密,氧化程度没有明显增加,但是腐蚀电化学行为与TC4基体相当,是理想的表面处理技术,作为涂层材料可大大提升不锈钢在海洋环境下的耐点蚀性能,具有广阔的应用前景。     

生物医用多孔钛合金材料的制备

与致密材料相比,生物医用多孔钛合金材料具有独特的多孔结构和更接近于人骨的强度和杨氏模量,在医学领域特别是骨修复方面得到了广泛的应用,发展前景广阔。重点围绕生物医用多孔钛合金材料的制备方法与工艺进行了综述,介绍了多孔钛合金材料的各种制备方法,对其优缺点进行了比较,并指出了该材料制备方面亟待解决的几个问题和进一步研究的方向。     

Mechanical and histological fixation of hydroxylapatite-coated pyrolytic carbon and titanium alloy implants: a report of short-term results

Historically, pyrolytic carbon has been a material for cardiovascular applications, but it has several properties suited for orthopedic uses as well. Pyrolytic carbon has an elastic modulus similar to bone and is highly fatigue resistant, but has not been used in orthopedics because of poor fixation to bone. Plasma sprayed hydroxylapatite (HA) has significantly improved the bonding of bone to titanium alloy implants. The effect of plasma-sprayed HA on pyrolytic carbon implants was investigated in this study. Cylindrical samples were implanted through a single cortex in Beagle femurs. The animals were sacrificed after 8 weeks, and a mechanical push-out test was performed on the implants immediately after explantation. Samples were microradiographed, stained for histology, and examined histomorphometrically. Interface strength for each type of implant was calculated. Pyrolytic carbon showed almost no attachment strength with an average strength value of 1.59 MPa. HA-coated pyrolytic carbon (8.71 MPa) yielded the same interfacial strength as HA-coated titanium (8.71 MPa). Histology revealed that bone was in direct apposition to all implants, both HA coated and noncoated. Failures occurred between the core material and the coating, or within the coating, but not at the bone/HA interface. Histomorphometry results confirmed that the two types of HA-coated implants had more bone apposition than the uncoated pyrolytic carbon implants. It was concluded that a plasma sprayed HA coating significantly improves the bone fixation of pyrolytic carbon.     

Cementless implant composition and femoral stress. A finite element analysis

Proximal atrophy and thigh pain are recognized problems with some cementless femoral stems in total hip arthroplasty. It is thought that reduced femoral stress from alterations in load transfer caused by an intramedullary stem contributes to proximal femoral atrophy. An increase in flexural rigidity and bone stress near the stem tip is thought to contribute to thigh pain. A three-dimensional finite element analysis study was performed to calculate stresses in the proximal femur and bone near the stem tip before and after implantation of a collared, proximally coated, cementless femoral prosthesis. The influence of prosthetic material was examined by changing implant composition from cobalt chrome to titanium alloy and leaving all other parameters constant. Femoral stress was increased twofold immediately below the collar with the titanium implant compared with the cobalt chrome. However, the proximal femoral stress in the titanium implanted model was still 1/10 that in the corresponding region of the unimplanted femur model. At the stem tip, as much as a 30% reduction in femoral stress was seen with the titanium stem compared with the cobalt chrome. These findings suggest biomechanical evidence of an advantage for titanium as an implant material compared with cobalt chrome for cementless femoral stems.     

钛/钢复合板及其制备应用研究现状与发展趋势

随着钛/钢复合板的应用领域不断拓展,市场对钛/钢复合板的尺寸和性能都提出了新的要求,现有的制备方法和工艺也面临着巨大挑战。本文从原材料情况、复合板尺寸、界面特征和力学性能等方面概述了钛/钢复合板研究现状,评述了钛/钢复合板目前的主要制备方法及其优缺点,综述了表面处理方法、热轧温度、过渡层金属和热处理工艺对钛/钢复合板界面结合质量的影响,阐述了钛/钢复合板的应用现状,指出了钛/钢复合板面临的主要问题及未来的重点研究方向。      

The radiographic and imaging characteristics of porous tantalum implants within the human cervical spine

STUDY DESIGN: Seven cadaveric cervical spines were implanted with a porous tantalum spacer and a titanium alloy spacer, and their radiographic and imaging characteristics were evaluated. OBJECTIVE: To determine the radiographic characteristics of porous tantalum and titanium implants used as spacers in the cervical spine. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Anterior decompressive surgery of the disc space or the vertebral body creates a defect that frequently is repaired with autologous bone grafts to promote spinal fusion. Donor site morbidity, insufficient donor material, and additional surgical time have spurred the development of biomaterials to replace or supplement existing spinal reconstruction techniques. Although the promotion of a solid bony fusion is critical, the implanted biomaterial should be compatible with modern imaging techniques, should allow visualization of the spinal canal and neural foramina, and should permit radiographic assessment of bony ingrowth. METHODS: Cadaveric spines containing the implants were imaged with plain radiography, computerized tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. The image distortion produced by the implants was determined qualitatively and quantitatively. RESULTS: The tantalum and titanium spacers were opaque on plain radiographic films. On computed tomographic scans, more streak artifact was associated with the tantalum implants than with the titanium. On magnetic resonance imaging, the porous tantalum implant demonstrated less artifact than did the titanium spacer on T1- and T2-weighted spin echo and on T2*-weighted gradient-echo magnetic resonance images. Overall, the tantalum implant produced less artifact on magnetic resonance imaging than did the titanium spacer and therefore allowed for better visualization of the surrounding bony and neural structures. CONCLUSION: The material properties of titanium and porous tantalum cervical interbody implants contribute to their differential appearance in different imaging methods. The titanium implant appears to image best with computed tomography, whereas the porous tantalum implant produces less artifact than does the titanium implant on several magnetic resonance imaging sequences.     

加工及热处理对Ti5Zr6Mol5Nb钛合金组织和性能的影响

以新型近β型医用钛合金Ti-5Zr-6Mo-15Nb（TLE）铸锭为实验原料,通过开坯、锻造、轧制、热处理等多道工序制成板材和棒材。分析了不同加工工艺及热处理制度对合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明：TLE合金具有较高的强度、较低的弹性模量、优良的塑韧性与疲劳性能,冷热加工性能好;合金经过适当的固溶与时效处理后可获得良好的综合力学性能匹配,特别适合充当外科植入物材料使用。     

In Situ Laser Coating of Calcium Phosphate on TC4 Surface for Enhancing Bioactivity

 Titanium alloy has been a successful implant material owing to its excellent ratio of strength to weight, toughness, and bio inert oxide surface. Significant progress has been made in improving the bioactivity of titanium alloy by coating its oxide surface with calcium phosphates. In the present study, in situ coating was reported on Ti6Al4V(TC4) surface with calcium phosphate (Ca P) bioceramics synthesized and synchronously cladded by laser beam. This coating was grown by first preplacing directly the raw powders, which contain 80% of CaHPO4·2H2O, 20% of CaCO3, and dram of rare earth (RE), on the TC4 surfaces, and then exposing the surfaces to the laser beam with a power density of 1273-1527 MW·m-2 and a scanning velocity of 105 m/s. The resultant coating was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis and Different thermal Scanning (TG DSC), and Energy Dispersive X ray Detection (EDX). The results show that these laser ceramics include hydroxyapatite (HA), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), Ca2P2O7, and other Ca P phases, and the interface between the coating and the TC4 substrate has tighter fixation, in which the chemical bonding is approved. These laser hybrid coatings are useful in enhancing the bioactivity of titanium alloy surfaces.