Design,construction, and operation chronicle

In the Ministry of Power and Electrification of the USSR

Design, construction, and operation chronicle     

Distribution and Abundance of Larval Ciscoes,Coregonus Artedii,and Burbot,Lota Lota,in Oneida Lake

Surveys of pelagic fish larvae were made in Oneida Lake, New York, during 1965-1975 with high-speed samplers. In early May, larval ciscoes, Coregonus artedii, occurred only above 5.5 m and were actively concentrated near the surface in shallow bays. The largest larvae were found at the shallowest sites and almost half the ciscoes were taken in one small, protected bay. By late May, the larvae had moved offshore, although they remained near the surface. The largest ciscoes were then at the deepest sites. This offshore movement was not strongly related to limnological conditions - water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and food (zooplankton) were similar throughout the upper water column of Oneida Lake at this time - but may have been related to size and water currents. Successive estimates of larval cisco populations suggested that offshore recruitment exceeded total mortality during May. Densities of larval burbot, Lota lota, were homogeneous (even at depths greater than 5.5 m) during May. In June, as with ciscoes, greater densities of burbot were found near the surface of the offshore sites. In early May, the largest burbot tended to occur at intermediate depths. Few larval ciscoes or burbot were captured in late June. Populations of larval ciscoes and burbot appear to be disproportionately great in relation to the abundance of adults and may contribute to the persistence of these cold-water species in an eutrophic environment.     

Seminar on Water and Energy,Stockholm, Sweden,August 21, 2005

Abstract

In Europe the implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) will have major implications for water resources management. Part of the Directive requires Member States to implement a comprehensive system of controls (licences) on the allocation and abstraction (withdrawal) of surface and groundwater resources. This paper describes the development of a procedure to help assess and set abstraction licences for agricultural irrigation. The methodology is described with reference to Scotland, a country with limited abstraction control previously and where irrigation is supplemental to rainfall. The methodology combines spatial climatic information using a Geographical Information System (GIS) with data derived from a water balance computer model. The procedure enables the volumetric irrigation demand in a ‘design’ dry year for a given site to be estimated, taking into account local variations in climate, soil type, land use and irrigation practices. The approach provides a scientifically robust framework to allow the regulatory authority to assess the ‘reasonable’ water requirements of individual irrigators and hence develop allocations to satisfy the range of competing demands (e.g. agriculture, industry, and environment) on water resources. The methodology is applicable in other temperate countries where water abstraction controls are required and where appropriate datasets are available. The application of the procedure and its methodological limitations are described.     

试论长株潭湘江生态经济带的水土流失防治与防洪减灾

文章通过对长株潭三市水土流失及防洪的现状与存在问题的分析，阐述了水土流失防治对防洪减灾的积极作用以及两者之间的关系，提出了湘江生态经济带建设过程中加强防洪减灾以及立足防洪减灾做好水土流失防治工作的具体对策。     

河湖宫城市坊--关于建设"什刹海-鼓楼街历史文化区"的建议

最近北京成为申办奥运的5座入围城市之一。北京正面临新的发展机遇,市政府以“新北京、新奥运”为号召,将全面推动城市建设发展。在新一轮的城市治理和建设热潮中,应该首先认识“新北京”的科学内涵。只有正确的定位才能产生最能表达城市面貌特征的佳作。最近72位诺贝尔奖获得者联名提出,在新世纪各项新技术会有突破性发展,但不能忘掉历史文化,文化决不会因技术发展而削弱,越是现代化,历史文化越显得重要。北京的政治地位和历史文化底蕴决定了如果我们在历史文化保护方面有所作为,“新北京”的形象和经济发展必将从中获益。     

Chronicle of design,construction, and operation

In the Ministry of Power and Electrification of the USSR

Chronicle of design, construction, and operation