气化模铸钢件增碳的影响因素及解决措施

讨论了气化模铸钢件增碳的影响因素,铸件表面增碳与钢液成分、铸件壁厚、铸件冷却速度、涂料层厚度及其透气性、负压度、模样材料、浇冒口工艺、排气方法、浇注位置的选择,甚至和钢液的浇注温度、速度等都密切相关,其表面增碳程度,主要取决于泡沫模样分解产物中的碳与钢液中碳的浓度梯度。提出了解决铸钢件增碳的综合优化措施及气化模生产铸钢件的范围。     

铸钢件消失模铸造常见缺陷及其防止

分析了铸钢件消失模铸造中增碳、气孔、夹渣和反喷等缺陷的形态及其产生原因,总结了浇注系统设计、模样材料选择、涂料性能及施涂工艺、负压参数确定和熔炼浇注工艺等方面的针对性措施,从而防止铸件缺陷的产生,生产出合格的铸钢件产品。     

减压振动实型铸造工艺

一、前言实型铸造工艺(EPC工艺)是用发泡聚苯乙烯(EPS)制成与铸件形状相同的模样,然后把它放到非粘结性的型砂中进行浇注,利用熔融金属液的高温使EPS模样燃烧,气化而制得铸件的工艺方法。     

消失模铸钢件侵入性气孔产生的原因与防止措施

金属液与模样之间形成的气膜压力,模样受热形成的液态残留物聚集在与液态金属接触的涂料层界面的气体压力,二者增大分别是铸件顶部和侧表面形成侵入性气孔的主要原因.增加浇注时间、顶部或阶梯浇注、降低泡沫模样密度及增加涂层透气性是防止消失模铸钢件侵入性气孔的有效措施,这已在生产中得到验证.     

金属液在消失模铸造中的充型速度及能量和质量平衡

通过自制的实验装置和所建立的计算模型,研究了金属液在充型过程中的速度损失,以及金属、模样、涂料和型砂之间的能量与质量的平衡关系,并由此说明EPS模样在不同浇注温度时的分解性质。另外,通过筒单的计算表明,模样上表面应有一定的型砂量,才可能获得健全的铸件。     

实型铸造浇注工艺的特点

论述了泡沫塑料模样分解产物对铸铁件表面质量的影响。提出了实型浇注的三要素，即浇注速度、浇注温度和浇注方法。从浇注角度分析了实型铸件产生表面缺陷的原因及其防止方法     

6102曲轴负压实型铸造工艺研究

不同模样材料(EPS珠粒、PMMP珠粒)的发泡成型特性存在差异.蒸汽的压力、保压时间是影响模样品质的主要因素;在相同浇注条件下,实型铸造的充型阻力较砂型铸造的大,浇注时间增加约一倍;负压实型曲轴铸造表面品质符合要求.     

消失模铸造生产行星齿轮支架工艺

以消失模铸造法生产球铁件行星齿轮支架为例,介绍了消失模铸造法的工艺过程和工艺参数.采用EPS泡沫材料,经预发泡,熟化,成型发泡,浸涂料,烘干等工序制成浇注模样.与传统工艺相比,消失模铸造法具有铸件表面精度高,组织结构好,生产成本低,生产环境更清洁等优点.     

消失模铸钢件增碳缺陷的防止

1 铸钢件增碳 用消失模铸造生产铸钢件其表面或局部表面碳的含量会增高,称为增碳或渗碳缺陷,对ZG25渗碳为多,ZG45～ZG60渗碳为少,ZG60以上渗碳就更少.     

单件铸钢件艺术品的快速熔模铸造实践

选用3D打印机打印ABS模样,焊接蜡质浇注系统,挂砂后,先去掉蜡质浇注系统,再焙烧脱掉ABS,获得完整型壳,浇注、清理后检查,一次合格。采用此快速熔模铸造工艺完成了用户的单件铸钢件艺术品订单。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.