共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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以油酸和新戊二醇为原料,通过酯化反应和环氧化反应制备了新型环保增塑剂环氧油酸新戊二醇酯(ENDO),采用红外光谱仪(FTIR)和核磁共振仪对ENDO的结构进行了表征,并通过转矩流变仪、超低温脆化试验仪、老化试验机和万能试验机测试对比了ENDO、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)、已二酸二辛酯(DOA)或偏苯三酸三辛酯(TOTM)增塑的聚氯乙烯(PVC)样品的流变性能、低温脆化性能、耐溶剂抽出性能和耐老化性能。结果表明,本实验成功制备了预期增塑剂产品ENDO;增塑PVC混合物料扭矩由大到小对应的增塑剂为TOTM、ENDO、DOP、DOA,能耗由大到小对应的增塑剂为TOTM、ENDO、DOA、DOP;ENDO增塑PVC样品的低温脆化性能可通过-30 ℃测试;当溶剂为正己烷时,DOP、ENDO、DOA和TOTM增塑PVC样品的断裂伸长率残留率依次为88.24 %、87.99 %、1.69 %和0.71 %,当溶剂为无水乙醇时,为79.00 %、96.22 %、72.76 %和74.52 %;ENDO增塑PVC样品老化后的断裂伸长率残留率、拉伸强度变化率及热老化质量损失均小于TOTM增塑的PVC样品。 相似文献
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介绍了聚氯乙烯(PVC)增塑剂环氧脂肪酸甲酯的制备方法:采用生物型脂肪酸甲酯为原料,双氧水为给氧体,有机酸作载体,在不使用任何溶剂、稳定剂和酸性催化剂的条件下,采用封闭式冷却循环装置一步法制得环氧增塑剂产品;讨论丁环氧脂肪酸甲酯在PVC生产中的应用情况。 相似文献
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以白花树果油为原料,磷钨杂多酸季铵盐为催化剂,制备了白花树果油环氧脂肪酸甲酯增塑剂。通过FT-IR对催化剂进行表征,结果表明催化剂具有Keggin型结构。通过正交实验探索了白花树果油甲酯环氧化的最优工艺条件:脂肪酸甲酯为10 g,催化剂质量分数为2%,双氧水质量分数为25%(均基于甲酯质量),反应温度为65℃,反应时间为0.5 h,溶剂乙酸乙酯用量为20 mL时,产物环氧值可达5.30%。在增塑剂质量为环氧树脂质量的10%时,对比了白花树果油EFAME、DOP、DOTP对环氧树脂128/934固化体系的增塑性能,实验结果表明,EFAME可有效改善环氧树脂固化体系的柔韧性,增塑性能优于石化增塑剂DOP、DOTP,可望成为邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的绿色替代品。 相似文献
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环氧化菜籽油基PVC增塑剂的制备与性能研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
先将菜籽油用苯甲醇醇解,然后再将所得的苯甲醇酯环氧化,制得环氧菜籽油脂肪酸卞酯增塑剂。研究了该增塑剂对聚氯乙烯(PVC)玻璃化转变温度、热稳定性和力学性能的影响。结果表明:每100份PVC树脂加入80份环氧菜籽油脂肪酸卞酯后,PVC树脂的玻璃化转变温度从80℃下降到-28℃,5%热失重温度由240.1℃提升到272.8℃,10%热失重温度由259.9℃提高到288.4℃;分别用环氧菜籽油脂肪酸苄酯和DOP增塑的PVC树脂在常温下显示出相似的力学性能和耐迁移性能。 相似文献
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选用常用来合成环氧大豆油和环氧脂肪酸甲酯的大豆油为原料,运用GC-MS联用仪测定了其组成及含量,并通过酯交换、环氧化等工艺合成了具有环氧结构的环氧长短链酰基甘油酯(环氧低热油);并对其作为聚氯乙烯增塑剂的各项性能进行了研究。结果表明,大豆油不饱和脂肪酸含量达88.5%,当其与三乙酸甘油酯在物质的量之比为1∶1的情况下可得到以二脂肪酸单乙酸酯为主要成分的低热油;此外,通过物化性能、动态热机械分析、薄膜拉伸、热重-红外-质谱及热分解动力学等手段分析,结果表明环氧低热油的玻璃化转变温度为–0.77℃,低于环氧大豆油的6.13℃;其断裂伸长率为370.56%,也高于环氧大豆油321.11%;与环氧脂肪酸甲酯相比具有更高的闪点、较少的加热减量和更优良的热稳定性。所以环氧低热油是一种较为优良的增塑剂产品。 相似文献
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采用封闭式冷却循环装置,生物型脂肪酸甲酯为原料,双氧水为给氧体,有机酸作载体,在不使用任何溶剂、稳定剂和酸性催化剂的条件下,一步环氧化反应制得无毒聚氯乙烯(PVC)增塑剂环氧脂肪酸甲酯。实验表明环氧化反应不使用无机中强酸作催化剂,从而降低了所排污水的酸值和COD值。当反应液循环速率为50g/s,搅拌速率为245r/min时,环氧化反应时间为3~3.5h,比传统工艺节省二分之一时间,且产品环氧值高、热稳定性好。 相似文献
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选用具有丰富不饱和共轭三键的桐油为原料,并通过酯交换、D–A反应对其改性合成了具有六元环结构的多酯类化合物3–正丁基–6–(9–癸烯酸甲酯–10基)–4–环己烯二酸二异辛酯(METATM),并对其改性聚氯乙烯(PVC)的各项性能进行了研究。结果表明,桐油具有丰富的α–桐酸,其甲酯与马来酸二异辛酯合成METATM的最佳工艺为:桐油甲酯与马来酸二异辛酯的物质的量之比为1∶1,反应温度为220℃,反应时间为5 h,转化率达97.4%;其产品闪点与加热减量均优于邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP),对PVC具有较好的增塑性能,但效果不及DOP,更适合作为辅助增塑剂与DOP复配使用,可有效降低非环保增塑剂的使用量。 相似文献
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Dekai Liu Yirui Shen Phyu Thin Wai Haryono Agus Pingbo Zhang Pingping Jiang Zhixin Nie Guoqiang Jiang Huihang Zhao Minzhong Zhao 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2021,138(13):50128
Recently, phthalates have been continuously banned in numerous fields by many countries. Therefore, the development of sustainable and efficient plasticizers has become particularly urgent. The waste cooking oil was used as the main raw materials in this study to synthesize an efficient plasticizer (acetylated-fatty acid methyl ester-trimellitic acid ester, AC-FAME-TAE). The structure of AC-FAME-TAE was characterized by FT-IR and 1H NMR. The performance of the poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plasticized by AC-FAME-TAE was tested and compared with those of the PVC plasticized with di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DOP) and EFAME (epoxy fatty acid methyl ester), respectively. DSC results indicated that AC-FAME-TAE had excellent plasticizing efficiency for PVC. The mechanical properties of PVC plasticized by AC-FAME-TAE were as comparable as PVC plasticized by DOP from the results of tensile test. In addition, the PVC plasticized by AC-FAME-TAE had excellent thermal stability and solvent resistance by the results of leaching test and TGA. 相似文献
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将生物基增塑剂橡胶籽油基环氧脂肪酸甲酯(ERSO)与热稳定剂油脂源多聚脂肪酸基钙锌(OMFCTS)复配,以β-二酮作辅助热稳定剂,改性聚氯乙烯(PVC),通过热老化烘箱法、刚果红法、热重分析(TGA)、热重红外联用(TGA-FTIR)分析、热重质谱联用(TGA-MS)分析、力学性能测试及动态力学性能分析(DMA)考察了改性PVC的热稳定性及力学性能,并对8个配方改性后PVC的性能进行了对比。结果表明:与DOP/CaSt2/ZnSt2、DOP/OMFCTS和ERSO/CaSt2/ZnSt2体系相比,ERSO/OMFCTS体系的热稳定性最优,力学性能较好,改性PVC的玻璃化转变温度(38.2℃)最低,拉伸断裂伸长率达265.6%;静态热稳定时间(200℃)最长(46'21")。ERSO和OMFCTS具有良好的协同作用,二者可有效替代传统增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)及热稳定剂硬脂酸钙锌(CaSt2/ZnSt2)。 相似文献
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将自制的橡胶籽油基环氧脂肪酸甲酯(EFAME)与对苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOTP)混合后,与聚氯乙烯(PVC)共混成型,考查EFAME在软质PVC中的增塑性能及其对DOTP的替代效果。利用拉力试验机、差示扫描量热仪、动态热力学分析仪及热老化烘箱对塑化体系的力学性能、加工性能、耐热性及耐久性进行分析。结果表明,复合型增塑剂可有效改善PVC制品的柔韧性、耐磨性、热性能及加工流变性;EFAME用量为20份时,PVC制品的玻璃化转变温度由0.32 ℃降低至-4.63 ℃,质量损失10 % 和50 %时的温度得到提高,热老化整体变色时间提高了4倍。 相似文献
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简单介绍绿色能源生物柴油深加工在制备增塑剂、稳定剂及润滑剂等PVC助剂中的应用。其中以制备环氧脂肪酸甲酯和氯代甲氧基脂肪酸甲酯最为经济可行。指出利用环氧脂肪酸甲酯制备多功能PVC助剂是重要的发展方向。 相似文献
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Lucas J. Stolp Michael Grass Dharma R. Kodali 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2021,98(3):297-304
Epoxy fatty acid alkyl ester estolides were synthesized from castor oil to be used as biobased plasticizers for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) as a safer replacement for phthalate plasticizers. Initially, castor oil was transesterified with methanol or n-butanol to quantitatively yield castor fatty acid alkyl esters. Acetylation of hydroxyl function with acetic anhydride led to the formation of estolide. The unsaturation was epoxidized, resulting in a bifunctional epoxy fatty acid alkyl ester estolide. The bioplasticizers were compounded with PVC and were evaluated for their functionality and compared with commercial phthalate plasticizer diisononyl phthalate (DINP) and nonphthalate 1,2-cyclohexanoic acid diisononyl ester (DINCH). The bioplasticizers showed excellent gelation, efficiency, and compatibility, as well as plastisol viscosity and thermal properties, comparable to or better than the plastisols prepared with commercial controls DINP and DINCH. The volatility of the methyl ester was inferior to the butyl ester. Both compounds showed low water resistance properties. Further evaluation of the butyl ester under tropical conditions of high temperature and humidity confirmed limited compatibility. This indicates that the castor epoxy fatty acid ester estolides would be better suited for applications that do not come in contact with water for prolonged periods, such as flooring, artificial leather, wiring, or wall coverings. 相似文献