中子活化分析法对洪古勒楞蛇绿岩中变质橄榄岩的地球化学研究

用预富集中子活化分析法测定了新疆洪古勒楞蛇绿岩中的稀土元素(REE)，用仪器中子活化法测定了微量元素。依据测定结果分析了微量的稀土元素和过渡金属元素及不相容元素地球化学特征。认为二辉橄榄岩X-49可能代表原始地幔的化学成分，方辉橄榄岩X-44可能为上地幔部分熔融后残留的地幔物质，纯橄榄岩X-55、X-57可能为镁铁质熔融体在上地幔内以堆晶作用形成的超镁铁质岩类。     

辽宁－吉林东部地区超镁铁质岩包体的微量元素地球化学特征

发展了预浓集中子活化分析方法，结合仪器中子活化分析对辽宁—吉林东部地区新生代火山岩中尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体的稀土元素（ＲＥＥ）及其他微量元素进行了测定。它们的过渡金属元素中不相容元素Ｔｉ以及适度相容元素Ｖ和Ｓｃ相对于原始地慢（ＰＭ）均具亏损的特征；而相容元素Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ和Ｃｒ含量略高或类似于ＰＭ，反映了它们应为经历了部分熔融后的残余地幔。依据ＲＥＥ特征尖晶石二辉橄榄岩可分为两类：第一类包体的ＲＥＥ含量和ＲＥＥ分配型式与ＰＭ相比呈现明显的亏损，提供了它们是残余地慢岩的又一证据。第二类包体的重稀土元素（ＨＲＥＥ）比前者低，但轻稀土元素（ＬＲＥＥ）比前者明显的高，揭示了它们在地幔源岩经历了部分熔融，使ＲＥＥ发生了亏损之后又遭受了ＬＲＥＥ富集，即地幔交代作用。     

辽宁—吉林东部地区超镁铁质岩包体的微量元素地球化学特征

发展了预浓集中子活化分析方法，结合仪器中子活化分析对辽宁－吉林东部地区新生代火山岩中尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体的稀土元素（ＲＥＥ）及其他微量元素进行了测定。它们的过渡金属元素中不相容元素Ｔｉ以及适度相容元素Ｖ和Ｓｃ相对于原始地幔（ＰＭ）均具亏损的特征，而相容元素Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ和Ｃｒ含量略高或类似于ＰＭ，反映了它们应为经历了部分熔融后的残余地幔。依据ＲＥＥ特征尖晶石二辉橄榄岩可分为两类：第一类包体的ＲＥＥ含量     

分子活化分析法研究地质样品中铂族元素的化学种态

用化学逐级溶解、镍流火试金项富集及中子活化分析法研究了中国东部大陆地幔橄榄岩捕掳体中铂族元素的化学种态。分析结果表明，6个物相中单个铂族元素的质量分数加和与铂话元素总量分析结果基本相符；硫化物相中铂话元素分布特征的研究，进一步说明了硫化物的熔出是部分熔融过程中地幔橄榄岩铂族元素分异的重要机制之一。     

我国西南地区大陆溢流玄武岩的微量元素地球化学特征

峨眉山玄武岩分布于中国西南部,根据构造位置和岩石化学特征,可以分为三条岩带,我们用仪器中子活化分析测定了来自上述岩带的四十多件样品中的微量元素。通过对微量元素地球化学特征的分析,说明峨眉山玄武岩介于大陆拉斑玄武岩及大陆碱性玄武岩之间,稀土元素的分配型式为富集型,富集程度随样品产出位置而异,越向西富集程度越低。(Ce/Yb)_(CN)对Ce_(CN)图解表明,峨眉山玄武岩岩浆可能由石榴石二辉橄榄岩部分熔融而成。其熔融程度中、东岩带约为5％,西岩带约为10％。(La/Sm)对La的图解表明西岩带的玄武岩是地幔物质经部分熔融形成的。而中、东岩带的玄武岩可能是母岩源经过了部分熔融后又经历了分离结晶作用阶段而形成的,或者是由于大陆地壳物质进入岩浆的结果。     

超基性岩样中痕量希土元素的中子活化分析

文章介绍了用中子活化分析法分析超基性岩样中La,Ce,Nd,Sm,Eu,Tb,Yb,Lu等八个元素的全过程。分析了橄榄岩、斜辉辉橄榄岩等八种岩石样品,用我国地质标样DZ∑-1,GSD-7,DZ∑-2,及国际标样BCR-1验证了方法的可靠性。检出下限10~(-10)g/g。     

西准噶尔洪古勒楞蛇绿岩中玄武岩的中子活化分析研究

选用仪器中子活化法测定了新疆西准噶尔洪古勒楞蛇绿岩中玄武岩的稀土元素(REE)、过渡金属微量元素和不相容微量元素.地球化学研究认为,洪古勒楞玄武岩有两组:第一组与洪古勒楞蛇绿岩体有成因关系,包括部分辉绿岩和粗玄岩;第二组为与洪古勒楞蛇绿岩体无成因关系的洪古勒楞围岩玄武岩.探讨这两类玄武岩的成因联系,对与蛇绿岩有关各种岩石的成因类型、源区特征、相互联系、演化过程和含矿规律等的深入研究具有重要意义.     

矿物中铀、钍、金、钪的堆中子活化分析

中子活化分析具有灵敏度高、选择性好、用样量少、不破坏分析样品,且可进行多元素同时测定等优点,因此适于岩矿样品的分析。 我们利用原子能所实验性重水型反应堆进行辐照,用美国CANBERRA公司生产的SCORPIO-3000系列多道计算机系统,用仪器中子活化分析法测定了岩矿中的铀、钍、金、钪的含量,得到较为满意的结果。 一、实验1.仪器和设备体积为96厘米3的同轴Ge(Li)半导体探测器和4096道脉冲幅度分析器组成的γ谱仪,     

用阈探测器活化法测量50MeV／u重离子实验靶区的中子注量率,…

用阈探测器中子活化法测定了５０ＭｅＶ／ｕ＾１２Ｃ离子实验靶区的次级中子平均注量率、角分布、粗略能谱，并估算了重离子反应的中子产额。     

~(154)Sm(n,2n)~(153)Sm和~(148)Sm(n,p)~(148)Pm反应截面的测量

报道了在Ｅｎ＝１４．５－１４．９ＭｅＶ中子能区用活化法以２７Ａｌ（ｎ，α）１４Ｎａ的反应截面为中子注量标准测得的１５４Ｓｍ（ｎ，２ｎ）１５３Ｓｍ和１４８Ｓｍ（ｎ，ｐ）１４８ｇＰｍ反应截面，并将其与已有的数据进行了比较。中子能量用铌锆截面比法测定。     

Identification of radiation treatment of wheat （Triticum aestivum. L）and rice （Oryza sativa. L） samples using thermoluminescence of contaminating minerals

Food irradiation is gaining popularity worldwide and this technology is important to improve quality and reduce the post harvest losses of food. Because of the rapid commercialization of irradiated foods throughout the world, compliance of different regulations relating to use of technology in different countries and demand of consumers for clear labelling of irradiated foods, there is need for the development of analytical methods to detect radiation treatment of food. Among several methods studied so far, thermoluminescence （TL） is an important method that can be used to find out the irradiation history of food that contain even a very minute amount of dust particles. In this study, the irradiated and unirradiated wheat and rice samples were analyzed using the TL method. The samples were purchased from the local market of Peshawar and irradiated to radiation doses of 0.5 and 1.0 kGy using Co-60 gamma irradiator at the Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture （NIFA）, Peshawar. The mineral contaminants were isolated by jet water, ultrasonic treatment, and density gradient. TL glow curves of the isolated minerals from irradiated and unirradiated samples were recorded between the temperature ranges of 50-500℃ using a TL reader. Generally, the glow curves for irradiated samples showed much higher TL intensities （TL1） than the unirradiated samples. The results were normalized by rerradiation of mineral samples to gamma-ray dose of 1.0 kGy followed by determination of the second glow curves （TL2）. The ratio of the area of first glow curve to that of second glow curve （TL1/TL2） was calculated for selected temperature intervals and compared with the recommended values for unirradiated and irradiated samples. Finally, the shapes of the glow curves for irradiated and unirradiated samples were also analyzed. On the basis of these results （comparison of TL-intensities, TL1/TL2 ratios and shapes of the glow curves）, all the irradiated and unirradiated samples of wheat and rice were unequivocally identified.     

有效探测面积大于1000 cm2的正比计数器测量系统性能测试

为对自制的活性面积高达1 000 cm²的大面积源进行表面发射率定值,同时作为现有2πα、2πβ表面发射率标准装置能力的扩充,研制了一套内置式大面积2π多丝正比计数器测量系统,并利用活性区直径为8 mm的²⁴¹Am点源及活性区面积为10 cm×15 cm的大面积²⁴¹Am和⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y源对其进行计量学性能测试。结果表明：计数器内计数响应均匀性优于±0.4%,有效探测面积达1 400 cm²;所得²⁴¹Am源高压坪曲线的坪长为1 400 V,坪斜为0.27%/100 V,坪区内计数变化为0.87%;⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y源高压坪曲线的坪长为300 V,坪斜为0.75%/100 V,坪区内计数变化为0.80%;10次测量重复性好于0.4%,8 h内短期稳定性好于0.3%,1 a内长期稳定性好于0.8%。     

Preparation of Zn/TiO2 powder and its photocatalytic performance for oxidation of P-nitrophenol

Zn-doped TiO2 catalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method and characterized by XPS,UV-Vis, BET, XRD in this study. Under the irradiation of simulant sunlight, the photocatalytic activity for the degradation of p-nitrophenol was studied too. After irradiation for 2.5 h, the degradation percentage of p-nitrophenol could rise to more than 80 %. The results showed that the spectrum absorption band edge of Zn/TiO2 powder does not broaden obviously comparing with pure TiO2 powder. Zinc exists as Zn （11）. When calcined at 973 K, there is a new phase as ZnTiO3 in Zn/TiO2 catalyst. The order of photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalysts calcined at different temperatures for p-nitrophenol is 773 K 〉 673 K 〉 873 K 〉 573 K 〉 973 K and the photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalyst calcined at 773 K is better than TiO2 catalysts heated at the same temperature, and outclasses that of commercial TiO2 catalyst. It also showed that the photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol follows first-order kinetics under the irradiation of simulant sunlight.     

Current status of radiation therapy for prostate cancer

Radiotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer has been extensively explored in the past. Along with the comprehensive understanding of the biology of prostate cancer and rapid advances in terms of technology, the out- come of treatment for the patients with prostate cancer has improved. The authors review radiotherapy as the primary treatment for the disease, with particular emphasis on the technological advances from both the radiobiological and radiophysics aspects. Nonconventional fractionated irradiation like hyper- or hypo-fractionation has been imple- mented in the clinic, the final results still need to be confirmed in the future. Technological advances like IMRT, IGRT, in the last two decades have significantly improved the delivery of external radiotherapy to the prostate. This has re- sulted in an overall increase in the total dose that can be safely delivered to the prostate, which has led to modest im- provements in the biochemical outcome. However, establishing the standard therapy for prostate cancer remains con- troversial. It is hoped that the next decades will bring continued advances in the development of biologicals that will further improve current clinical outcomes.     

The control system for SSRF injection and extraction

This paper introduces the injection and extraction control system design for SSRF,which is a distributed control system aimed at stability and reliability of the pulse power supplies,PPS(Personnel Protection System)and MPS(Machine Protection System).The hardware environment is mainly based on PLC(Programmable Logic Con- troller),and ARM(Advanced RISC Machine)is also applied for studying stability of the power supplies.WinCC and EPICS(Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System)have been selected as the platforms of SCADA(Super- visory Control and Data Acquisition).For unifying the interfacing to the control computer,all front-end equipments are connected via Industrial Ethemet.     

Interaction between uranium and humic acid (Ⅰ): Adsorption behaviors of U(Ⅵ) in soil humic acids

The adsorption behaviors of uranium on three soil humic acids (HAs), which were extracted from soils of different depths at the same site, were investigated under various experimental conditions. The adsorption results showed that U(Ⅵ) in solutions can be adsorbed by the three soil HAs, with the order of FHA (HA from 5 m depth of soil) ＞SHA (HA from the surface) ＞THA (HA from 10 m depth of soil) for adsorption efficiency in each desirable condition, and the adsorption reached equilibrium in about 240 min. Although the maximum adsorption efficiency was adsorption could be described with Langmiur isotherm or Freundlich isotherm equation. The L/S (liquid/solid, mL/g)ratio and pH were important factors influencing the adsorption in our adsorption system besides uranium concentration. The adsorption efficiency decreased with the increase of the L/S ratio and pH at the pH range of 2.0-3.0 for SHA and THA or 2.5 - 6.0 for FHA. However, no significant difference in adsorption of U(Ⅵ) was observed at the experimental temperature. All the results implied that humic substances have different characteristics in samples even collected at the same site.     

水平管内含空气蒸汽强制对流冷凝换热模型研究

为研究含空气蒸汽在水平管内强制对流冷凝换热特性,基于对传热传质过程的分析,建立了管内为环状流与波状流条件下的流动冷凝换热模型。从潜热、显热和液膜3个环节对整个换热过程进行建模,最终得到计算局部冷凝换热系数的理论关系式。模型预测结果与实验数据的对比表明,二者相对偏差在±20%以内,验证了该换热模型的准确性与适用性。通过进一步的研究发现：从换热管入口至出口,随着冷凝的进行,管内换热主要热阻由液膜热阻向气液界面的凝结热阻转变;主流气体对流换热过程基本可忽略。     

The preclinical pharmacological study of dopamine transporter imaging agent 18F-FP-β-CIT

The paper is to study pharmacologic characteristics of 18F-FP-β-CIT (18F-N-(3-fluoropropyl)-2β- carbomethoxy-3β- (4-iodophenyl)nortropane) as an imaging agent for dopamine transporter. The radiochemical purity of 18F-FP-β-CIT in aqueous solution was over 95% after standing at room temperature for 4h. Biodistribution displayed rapid uptake in rat brain (1.375 %ID/organ at 5min and 0.100 %ID/organ at 180 min) and the striatal uptake was 1.444,0.731, 0.397, 0.230 and 0.146 %ID/g at 5, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min, respectively. The values of striatum/cerebellum,striatum/frontal cortex and striatum / hippocampus in rat's brain at 30 min were 3.38, 2.17 and 2.40 respectively. The uptake in striatum can be blocked by β-CFT, suggesting that 18F-FP-β-CIT binds to DAT peculiarly. The compound was rapidly cleared from monkey's blood. The striatal uptake was bilaterally decreased in the left-sided lesioned PD rats, compared with normal control. Brain PET imaging studies in normal monkey showed that 18F-FP-β-CIT was concentrated in striatum. The test of undue toxicity showed that the dose received by mice was 1250 times as by human, which indicates that 18F-FP-β-CIT is very safe. So 18F-FP-β-CIT is a promising PET imaging agent for DAT with safety and validity.     

Information for authors

<正>1.NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNIQUES(NST),a bimonthly journal,is devoted to all aspects of nuclear science and technology,theoretical or experimental.Its special interest lies in the subjects of synchrotron radiation science and technology;low energy accelerators,radiation technology and applications;radiochemistry,radiopharmaceuticals and nuclear medicine;nuclear electronics and instrumen-     

PLASMA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AUTHOR INDEX TO VOLUME 16(2014)

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