微波辐射处理亚甲基蓝染料废水的实验研究

考察了微波辐射后GAC和ACF的SEM形貌,研究了微波辐射处理亚甲基蓝染料模拟废水情况。结果表明：微波辐射后GAC和ACF的烧蚀程度加深,GAC的孔隙直径增大;ACF纤维丝断头增多,纤维丝表面变得粗糙不平;GAC和ACF加入量越大,亚甲基蓝染料的去除率越高;微波辐射时间越长,脱色率越高;微波辐射功率越大,去除率越高;微波辐射催化能够增强GAC和ACF在液相中的吸附能力。ACF吸附性能较GAC好。     

吸附苯酚活性炭微波辅助溶液再生效果

分析了p H对颗粒活性炭(GAC)吸附苯酚性能的影响。实验选择质量分数为1%Na OH溶液,采用微波辅助溶液再生的方法,对吸附苯酚的GAC进行再生研究,探讨实验因素对GAC再生效率的影响。实验结果表明:最佳的再生条件为微波功率520 W、再生时间1.5 min、Na OH再生辅助溶液用量10 m L,此时GAC再生效率为95.6%。在最佳再生条件下,经过6次再生后GAC的吸附能力依然很强。     

载铜活性炭对含酚废水的吸附性能

采用载铜活性炭(Cu/GAC)吸附含酚废水。考察吸附效果、动力学、工艺条件以及再生次数的影响。结果表明:相比微波辐射活性炭(MW/GAC)、载铁活性炭(Fe/GAC)和原始活性炭(GAC),Cu/GAC处理含酚废水的效果更显著;Cu/GAC对对硝基苯酚(4-NP)和苯酚的吸附动力学曲线均可用准二级动力学模型拟合;在酚质量浓度为200 mg/L、试验用水量为200mL、溶液初始pH值为6.0±0.2、Cu/GAC投加量为10.0 g/L、温度为25.0±0.5℃、反应时间为120 min的优化条件下,4-NP和苯酚的去除率分别达到95.2%和89.5%;炭的投加量、酚溶液的初始质量浓度和溶液初始pH对Cu/GAC处理含酚废水均有较显著的影响;经6次再生后,Cu/GAC仍保持较好的去除能力。     

含2,4-二氯酚活性炭的微波再生研究

对吸附2,4-二氯酚(DCP)后的颗粒活性炭(GAC)进行了微波再生研究,考察了微波功率、微波辐照时间和GAC用量对DCP解吸和GAC损耗的影响。结果表明,DCP解吸率随着微波功率、辐照时间以及GAC用量的增加而提高,但相应的GAC损耗量亦随之增加。微波功率420 W,辐照时间3 min,饱和吸附DCP的GAC 5 g,DCP解吸率达95.5%,而GAC损耗量仅为9.1%。通过测定多次再生后GAC的碘值,表明2次吸附-再生循环后GAC碘值超过了新鲜GAC的碘值,5次循环后GAC碘值下降不明显。     

活性炭吸附苯酚及其微波辐照再生效果

考察预处理后颗粒活性炭（GAC）对苯酚的吸附行为,探讨微波辐照再生吸附苯酚活性炭的机理,确定GAC达到吸附平衡的时间及吸附过程符合的等温吸附模型．实验结果表明：3h后GAC吸附基本达到平衡,吸附过程符合Freundlich等温吸附模型,最大平衡吸附量为143．7mg／g．对吸附饱和苯酚GAC进行微波辐照再生研究,实验结果表明：最佳的再生条件为微波功率520W,再生时间15min,GAC用量为6g,此时GAC再生效率为86．5％．     

活性炭对甲苯的吸附及其等温线预测

以微波椰壳活性炭和微波再生后的活性炭吸附甲苯.测定了在20,30和40℃条件下甲苯在活性炭上的吸附等温线,采用Langmuir方程对实验数据进行拟合.结果表明,在30℃下椰壳活性炭和再生活性炭吸附甲苯的理论饱和吸附量分别为0.323 和0.273 g/g;采用Polanyi吸附势理论预测了苯在活性炭上的吸附等温线,其中...     

ACF与GAC的传质比较

活性炭纤维(ACF)作为一种新型的炭质催化吸附材料,能有效吸附脱除各种气态污染物,较以往的颗粒状活性炭、粉状活性炭,拥有更优越的吸附和脱附再生性能。通过研究传质过程对脱除气态污染物反应速率的影响,并将ACF与颗粒状活性炭(GAC)的孔内传质过程进行了比较,结果表明ACF内扩散阻力较小。     

核桃壳活性炭吸附甲基橙的性能研究

以核桃壳为原料,采用氯化锌化学活化法制备活性炭,以甲基橙溶液为染料模拟废水,在恒温振荡的条件下进行吸附,研究了吸附剂用量、吸附时间、吸附温度对吸附效果的影响,考察活性炭再生性能。结果表明,当吸附剂用量为5 g/L,吸附时间105 min,温度45℃时,核桃壳活性炭对甲基橙溶液(200 mg/L)的吸附率达99.76%,吸附符合Langmuir等温模型,热再生率高,再生后活性炭损失率最高达52.31%。     

核桃壳活性炭吸附甲基橙的性能研究

以核桃壳为原料,采用氯化锌化学活化法制备活性炭,以甲基橙溶液为染料模拟废水,在恒温振荡的条件下进行吸附,研究了吸附剂用量、吸附时间、吸附温度对吸附效果的影响,考察活性炭再生性能。结果表明,当吸附剂用量为5 g/L,吸附时间105 min,温度45℃时,核桃壳活性炭对甲基橙溶液(200 mg/L)的吸附率达99.76%,吸附符合Langmuir等温模型,热再生率高,再生后活性炭损失率最高达52.31%。     

椰壳基活性炭脱除废水中刚果红染料

以颗粒状椰壳基活性炭为吸附剂,对刚果红生物染料进行吸附实验研究。通过实验主要考察了温度、模型溶液酸度、模型溶液初始浓度、活性炭粒度和搅拌速度对活性炭吸附效果的影响。得出在温度为15℃、溶液酸度为pH=2、溶液初始浓度为30mg／L、活性炭粒度小于60目,并且较快的搅拌速度下脱色效果最佳,最佳脱色率可达95．55％。     

Treatment of an industrial chemical waste‐water using a granular activated carbon adsorption‐microwave regeneration process

BACKGROUND: Industrial waste‐water is posing an ever‐greater environmental hazard. Recently, a process for purification combining activated carbon adsorption and microwave regeneration has drawn much attention. In this study, the effectiveness of this process for the treatment of industrial waste‐water from a chemical plant was tested. RESULTS: The effects of various factors including solution pH, granular activated carbon (GAC) dosage and contact time on the adsorption efficiency of organic compounds were studied. The regeneration of the exhausted GAC under microwave radiation was investigated, and the optimal conditions were: microwave power 400 W, radiation time 3 min for 10 g GAC. Under the optimal conditions the regenerated GAC recovered 97.6% of its original adsorption capacity. Repetitive uses of the GAC showed that it maintained a stable performance in the first few repetitions, but a decrease was observed after further repetitions. A GAC weight loss of about 10% at the sixth repetition was observed and a decrease in the surface area and increase in the surface basicity were observed for the regenerated GAC. Economic evaluation of the microwave regeneration process suggested that the total cost was about 24.3% of the GAC price at a pilot scale. CONCLUSIONS: A satisfactory regeneration of the chemical waste‐water exhausted GAC could be achieved under microwave radiation. The GAC adsorption‐microwave regeneration process was applicable for the treatment of this chemical waste‐water. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

The dynamic adsorption of benzene vapor on the ACF activated by phosphoric acid

The dynamic adsorption behaviors of benzene vapor on phosphoric acid‐activated carbon fiber (ACF‐P) were investigated by gas chromatography. The experimental results showed that ACF‐P that was activated at >350^°C, like steam‐activated carbon fiber (ACF‐W), has good dynamic adsorption properties for benzene vapor. However, the saturation adsorption capacities of ACF‐P and ACF‐W are different. The dynamic adsorption conditions apparently do not affect the effluent concentration before the breakthrough point, but do change the operation loading and usage efficiency. The adsorbed ACF‐P can be regenerated, and good dynamic adsorbability can be recovered by heating treatment. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 1841–1847, 2002     

Accelerated Adsorption with Activated Carbon Fiber

Abstract

The properties of a new type of polyamphoteric activated carbon fiber (ACF) were investigated theoretically and experimentally. Results are compared with those from granular activated carbon (GAC) and ion-exchange resin (IER) materials. The adsorption rate of ACF was found to be two orders of magnitude higher than that of the GAC and one order of magnitude higher than that of the IER.     

活性碳纤维的结构性能与应用

本文概述了近年来新开发的高效吸附材料－活性碳纤维的结构特性及吸附性能，并与颗粒活性炭进行了比较，较详细地介绍了ＡＣＦ在环保、医学等领域的应用情况。     

热解活化法制备高吸附性能椰壳活性炭

以椰壳为原料,采用高温直接热解活化法制备高吸附性能活性炭。研究了活化温度、活化时间对活性炭吸附性能的影响。研究结果表明,活化温度为 900 ℃,热解活化时间为 8 h,升温速率为 10 ℃/min,制得碘吸附值为 1 628.54 mg/g,亚甲基蓝吸附值为 375 mg/g 的高吸附性能椰壳活性炭,得率为 9.41 %。氮气吸附实验结果表明,该活性炭比表面积 1 723 m²/g、总孔容积 0.87 cm³/g、微孔容积 0.68 cm³/g、中孔容积0.18 cm³/g、平均孔径 2.03 nm。热解活化制备的椰壳活性炭样品性能优于市售水蒸气法椰壳净水活性炭国家标准。     

活性炭纤维吸附法脱除废水中对氯苯酚及吸附剂的再生

采用活性炭纤维 (ACF)处理对氯苯酚 (PCP)模拟废水 ,通过静态和动态吸附研究 ,测定了吸附等温平衡线、动态突破曲线 ,并研究了ACF对PCP的吸附速率。结果表明 ,ACF对PCP的吸附容量较大 ,吸附平衡关系服从Langmuir型吸附等温线 ;吸附速率快 ;吸附达饱和的ACF用NaOH溶液再生 ,解吸速率很快 ,再生后吸附容量基本不变     

Evaluation of physical properties and adsorption capacity of regenerated granular activated carbons (GACs)

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the variation in physical properties and investigate the adsorption capacity after regeneration of granular activated carbon (GAC). A correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between the iodide number and loss rate. The experimental results showed that the loss rate of regenerated carbon should be related to the usage time of GAC. Physical properties including the effective size and uniformity coefficient were similar to those of virgin GAC. This result indicates that the function of GAC as an adsorption medium may be recovered completely. Although the iodine number and specific surface area of the regenerated GAC were smaller than those of virgin GAC, the cumulative pore volume of the former was larger. The removal efficiency of organic matter from the regenerated GAC column was equal to or slightly higher than that from the virgin GAC column. Consequently, regeneration may increase the number of mesopores which are responsible for the removal of organic matter.     

含油废水吸附饱和活性炭纤维的电化学再生

为了对有机物吸附饱和的活性炭纤维(ACF)进行电化学再生研究,以含油废水为模拟有机物,通过测量再生前后ACF对含油废水的吸附效果,考察了电流密度、再生时间、pH值、电解质的电化学再生的影响因素,并研究了电化学再生过程对ACF结构的影响以及ACF电化学再生的机理。结果表明,在电流密度为30 mA·cm^-2,pH值为4,15 g·L^-1 NaCl的溶液中再生120 min,再生率可达到90%,5次电化学再生循环后,ACF保持较高的吸附容量。再生后ACF的表面没有明显损伤,比表面积也没有明显减小,微孔孔径分布于0.5～1.0 nm。由紫外光谱分析可知,ACF的电化学再生机理主要包括电脱附及电化学氧化过程。     

生物质基活性炭对对硝基苯酚吸附性能比较

对硝基苯酚毒性大,难于生物降解,是化工、农药和染料等行业废水中常见的有机污染物。采用木质活性炭、椰壳活性炭和煤质活性炭对对硝基苯酚吸附性能进行研究,对比不同活性炭对对硝基苯酚的吸附效果,考察不同活性炭吸附对硝基苯酚的经济效益,吸附强度和吸附量顺序为:椰壳活性炭﹥煤质活性炭﹥木质活性炭,选择煤质活性炭吸附对硝基苯酚。