有机硅改性光敏促进剂的研究

以多官能丙烯酸酯为骨架，接入含氢硅氧烷分子链，并引入有机胺基团合成了一种性能优良的有机硅改性光敏促进剂．介绍了其基本配方，并对两步反应对光敏促进剂性能的影响、反应温度及反应时间对两步反应的影响等进行了研究、该促进剂能显著提高涂膜的光固化速率，改善涂膜的消泡和流平性能，     

季戊四醇-偏苯三酸酐-环氧氯丙烷合成超支化聚合物

以季戊四醇为“中心核”，与1，2，4-偏苯三甲酸酐和环氧氯丙烷反应合成超支化碱溶性聚酯，利用合成聚合物分子外围的羧基与甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯反应，在超支化聚合物分子外围引入反应性甲基丙烯酰氧基．研究了树脂组成对感光性和碱溶性的影响．结果表明：通过调整分子外围的羧基及反应性甲基丙烯酰氧基含量，可以获得较好的碱溶性和光固化性能。     

连续法合成聚合物多元醇

介绍了连续法合成聚合物多元醇的生产工艺，讨论了引发剂浓度、分散剂的质量分数、反应温度、加料速度和出料速度及熟化时间对聚合物多元醇产品性能的影响。结果表明，在5L反应釜中，引发剂(AIBN)质量分数为0．5％左右、分散剂的质量分数为10％、反应温度在100～120℃、加料速度为70～80g／min，并与出料速度保持平行时，连续法合成的聚合物多元醇具有良好性能，并且连续法的生产效率高于间歇法的5倍以上，贮存稳定性也好。     

水溶性聚合物型颜料分散剂的研制

合成了用于水性体系的聚合物型颜料分散剂——苯乙烯和丙烯酸的共聚物，并采用红外和核磁对所合成的聚合物的结构进行了表征，确定为目标产物。研究了单体摩尔比、反应温度和链转移剂的用量对聚合物的分散性能的影响；确定了苯乙烯和丙烯酸的摩尔比为1．0～1．3、反应温度为90．0～110．0℃、链转移剂的用量为单体总质量的4．0％～6．0％。测试了不同相对分子质量的聚合物的特性粘度，当特性粘度等于15～16时，对颜料的分散性能较好。与日本的同类产品（Johnson Polymer ChemicalLtd．）J-68进行了对比，对颜料黄（C．I．P．Y．3）进行粒度分布的测试，平均粒径小于J-68，而重均比表面积则大于J-68，分散性能优于J-68。     

小阳离子粘土稳定剂的研制及评价

在室内合成了一种小阳离子粘土稳定剂,对合成条件进行了研究。该反应的最佳工艺条件为反应时间5 h、 反应温度60℃、投料摩尔比1．0,转化率达到了93．2％。该聚合物防止粘土膨胀性能好,防膨率达到95．4％。     

苯氧基三嗪聚合物的合成及膨胀阻燃ABS的研究

合成了一种苯氧基三嗪聚合物,研究了合成反应的影响因素。利用FTIR、熔点测定仪、元素分析仪以及银定量法测定氯含量、磷钼酸喹啉重量法测定磷含量等方法对其结构进行了表征。将此苯氧基三嗪聚合物与聚磷酸铵和红磷复配为膨胀型阻燃剂,研究了此阻燃剂对丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物的阻燃性能及力学性能的影响。结果表明,该苯氧基三嗪聚合物的合成产率比较理想,用其复配的膨胀型阻燃剂对丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物表现出较好的阻燃性能及力学性能。     

UV固化粉末涂料用不饱和丙烯酸酯共聚物的合成

以AIBN作引发剂、巯基乙酸作链转移剂、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯作封端剂、苄基氯化三乙胺作催化剂，合成了紫外光固化粉末涂料用的不饱和丙烯酸酯共聚物（即光敏聚合物）。探讨了投料单体组成对光敏聚合物玻璃化温度的影响，考察了封端反应条件对光敏聚合物分子有效率的影响。对合成的预聚物及光敏聚合物进行了UV、FT-IR、DSC测试表征。研究表明：要制得有效率高的光敏聚合物分子，适宜的反应条件为：甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯与预聚物物质的量之比1．5-2．0，反应温度为138℃，反应时间为9-12h，催化剂的用量选择在1．0％～1．5％（以GMA与预聚物总物质的量计）。     

聚氯化-2-羟丙基-1,1-N-二甲胺的合成及杀菌效果

报道了聚氯化-2-羟丙基-1，1-N-二甲胺的合成方法及性质。讨论了实验条件对反应的影响，并用该聚合物进行了杀菌试验，实验证明该聚合物是一种高效的、持续时间长的杀菌剂。     

交联型吸水膨胀弹性体的研究

采用氯化聚乙烯(CPE)和聚乙二醇(PEG)的钠盐发生偶联反应合成了交联型吸水膨胀弹性体，讨论了反应条件对共聚物中PEG含量的影响，并且讨论了其溶胀性能。结果表明，交联型吸水膨胀弹性体中PEG含量随反应时间的延长、反应温度的升高而增大。随环境温度的升高，该材料的平衡吸水率增大。交联聚合物随吸水时间的延长而增大，吸水5d就达到平衡，最大吸水率为208．2％，该聚合物的保水能力随时间的延长而降低，吸收的水分越多，失去的水分也越多。     

丝光沸石催化剂对甲醇胺化反应性能的研究

制备了经阳离子改性的合成丝光沸石催化剂，并用于甲醇与氨选择性合成二甲胺反应。在200-400℃及0.5～3．5MPa范围内考察了工艺条件对该催化剂反应性能的影响。结果表明：该催化剂具有优良的转化活性和二甲胺选择性。在300-330℃，甲醇单程转化率≥98．5％．二甲胺单程选择性≥60％，该催化剂性能稳定、强度高，具有工业化价值。     

Dielectric and Mechanical Behavior of Treated Paper Sheet

Abstract

The dielectric properties of different polymers, polymethyl methacrylate. polystyrene, mixture of them (1:1) and polyvinyl alcohol films were studied. Also, the dielectric and mechanical properties were measured to study the intermolecular interactions of paper sheet impregnated in the different polymers under investigation. The retained polymer on dipped paper sheet is lowest in case of mixed polymer solutions than that of each polymer solution alone. The retained polymer on paper sheet from aqueous polymer solution is lower than that dipped in organic solvent polymer solutions. The mixture of 1:1 PS and PMMA has a higher permittivity than that of each of both polymer alone. The treatment of paper sheet with polymer solutions improved their dielectric and mechanical properties, whereas the mixture of PS and PMMA is the best one for improving treated paper sheet.     

Alkaline blend polymer electrolytes based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/tetraethyl ammonium chloride (TEAC)

Alkaline blend polymer electrolytes based on PVA/TEAC were obtained by a solution casting technique. Tetraethyl ammonium chloride (TEAC) was added to PVA polymer matrix to form an alkaline blend polymer electrolyte exhibiting excellent ionic transport and mechanical properties. The ionic conductivity of the alkaline PVA/TEAC blend polymer electrolyte was found to be of the order of 10⁻² S cm⁻¹ at ambient temperature when the blend ratio of PVA:TEAC varied from 1:0.2 to 1:2. The characteristic properties of alkaline PVA/TEAC blend polymer electrolytes were examined using DSC, TGA, XRD, SEM, EA, stress–strain tests and AC impedance spectroscopy. The ionic transport properties for the blend polymer electrolytes were measured using Hittorf’s method. It was found that the anionic transport numbers (t ⁻) were between 0.82 and 0.99; the membranes are highly dependent on the types of alkali metal salts and the chemical composition of the polymer blend. The ionic transport and mechanical properties were greatly improved at the expense of the ionic conductivity. In this work we demonstrate that alkaline blend polymer electrolyte can be tailored with a blend technique to achieve specific characteristic properties for battery applications.     

Dual‐phase polymer electrolyte with enhanced mechanical strength

The effect of the heat treatment on the tensile properties and the dynamic moduli of polymer matrix films and polymer electrolytes were studied to further increase the mechanical properties. The crosslinking of latex particles brought about their improvements by heating. We have fabricated the polymer electrolyte with a tensile strength of 3.0 MPa, together with a conductivity above 1 mS/cm for application to a lithium secondary battery. This polymer electrolyte had the highest tensile strength among the known gel polymer electrolytes having conductivity over 1 mS/cm, although mechanical properties of plasticized polymer electrolytes have rarely been reported. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 71: 1835–1839, 1999     

A novel electrochromic and fluorescent polythienylpyrrole bearing 1,1′-bipyrrole

A novel conducting polymer was successfully synthesized via electropolymerization of 1-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-2,5-di(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrole. The electrochemical and electro-optical properties of the corresponding polymer, which was the first example of polymer containing 1,1′-bipyrrole units, were elaborated using electroanalytical and spectroscopic techniques. Cyclic voltammograms and electro-optical studies showed that the polymer has a stable and well-defined reversible redox process as well as electrochromic behavior. The processable polymer film also possessed a yellowish orange light emitter property.     

One-dimensional conducting polymer nanocomposites: Synthesis, properties and applications

Intrinsically conducting polymers have been studied extensively due to their intriguing electronic and redox properties and numerous potential applications in many fields since their discovery in 1970s. To improve and extend their functions, the fabrication of multi-functionalized conducting polymer nanocomposites has attracted a great deal of attention because of the emergence of nanotechnology. This article presents an overview of the synthesis of one-dimensional (1D) conducting polymer nanocomposites and their properties and applications. Nanocomposites consist of conducting polymers and one or more components, which can be carbon nanotubes, metals, oxide nanomaterials, chalcogenides, insulating or conducting polymers, biological materials, metal phthalocyanines and porphyrins, etc. The properties of 1D conducting polymer nanocomposites will be widely discussed. Special attention is paid to the difference in the properties between 1D conducting polymer nanocomposites and bulk conducting polymers. Applications of 1D conducting polymer nanocomposites described include electronic nanodevices, chemical and biological sensors, catalysis and electrocatalysis, energy, microwave absorption and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, electrorheological (ER) fluids, and biomedicine. The advantages of 1D conducting polymer nanocomposites over the parent conducting polymers are highlighted. Combined with the intrinsic properties and synergistic effect of each component, it is anticipated that 1D conducting polymer nanocomposites will play an important role in various fields of nanotechnology.     

超支化聚(酰胺-酯)的合成及其光致变色性能研究

采用丁二酸酐、三羟甲基氨基甲烷为主要原料,在冰水浴条件下合成AB_3型单体,然后进行熔融缩聚制得超支化聚(酰胺-酯)(HBP);再将含羧基的螺吡喃光致变色基元通过反应活性基团羧基与AB_3超支化聚合物末端羟基的反应而引入到AB_3超支化聚合物末端上,得到具有光致变色性能的超支化聚合物(MHBP)。利用红外、核磁等对其结构进行了表征,利用紫外可见分光谱对超支化聚合物光致变色性进行了研究。结果表明:MHBP同时具有超支化聚合物的性能和光致变色性能。     

Barrier and mechanical properties of pulp fiber/polymer laminates and blends

Paperboard laminates coated with two grades of poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL), poly(hydroxy butyrate‐co‐valerate) (PHBV) or a liquid crystalline copolyester (LCP) were prepared by compression molding, and the influence of the processing conditions and polymer content of the laminate on the laminate properties was studied. Ligno‐cellulose fiber/polymer blends were prepared from wet pulps and PCL and PHBV. The morphology, water vapor transmission rates, creasability, curl and twist and mechanical properties of the laminates and blends were studied. LCP and slowly cooled high molar mass PCL laminated paperboards showed the best creasing properties and the paperboards that were penetrated by the polymer showed the smallest degree of curl and twist. Extensive penetration occurred during compression molding of the paperboard with the low molar mass PCL at all temperatures and with PHBV and LCP at the higher molding temperatures. The water vapor transmission rates ranged from 1 to 300 times that of polyethylene depending on the polymer used and on the thermal history. In the case of blends, competitive properties were obtained only in those with a high polymer content. The laminate stiffness decreased and the strength increased in two polymer concentration regions, at ～20 wt% due to fiber‐fiber separation and at ～60 wt% due to phase inversion.     

Polymer‐Cationic Surfactant Interaction: 1. Surface and Physicochemical Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)‐S‐Alkyl Isothiouronium Bromide Surfactant Mixed Systems

Surface properties of polyvinyl alcohol (nonionic polymer) and three synthesized cationic surfactants, namely, S‐alkyl isothiouronium bromide at different mole fractions of 1:9, 3:7, 5:5, 7:3, and 9:1, were investigated. The values of the surface parameters were discussed according to the type of interaction between the cationic surfactant and type of polymer studied. The S‐alkyl isothiouronium bromide surfactant molecules are positively charged molecules, and the PVA chains contain hydroxyl groups that are partially negatively charged centers. The comparison between the surface properties of the individual cationic surfactants and their mixture with PVA polymer showed that the mixed systems have some advantages over the individual cationic surfactants.     

双螺杆反应挤出法开环聚合制备聚乳酸的研究

以双螺杆挤出机为反应器来实施L-丙交酯的开环聚合制备聚乳酸,探讨了催化剂种类及其含量、聚合温度及聚合时间等因素对聚合产物性质的影响。实验获得的相对适宜的工艺条件如下:优选辛酸亚锡(Sn(Oct)2)/1-十二醇(CH3(CH2)11OH)为复合催化剂体系,单体与催化剂摩尔比为3 000∶1,聚合温度为170℃,聚合时间为120 min,由此可获得粘均相对分子质量为5.3×104的聚(L-乳酸)。在此基础上,进一步采用FT-IR、1H-NMR、DSC和TG等分析手段对聚合产物的结构和热性能进行了表征。     

Reuse of cured epoxy as a reinforcement in an epoxy composite

This article discusses the reuse of a thermoset‐based epoxy polymer. In this method, cured epoxy polymer is ground to powder of particle size ranging from 1 to 30 μm. The ground epoxy is then filled in an epoxy polymer to form an epoxy–epoxy composite system using both room and high temperature processing. The amount of filler material was varied from 1 to 10 wt% in the epoxy matrix. Rheology and tensile properties test were then performed. The result shows that the room temperature‐processed epoxy composites (above 5 wt% of powders) resulted in the formation of voids, agglomeration of particles, and reduced degree of cure leading to a decrease in tensile properties. These drawbacks (voids, agglomeration, and low degree of cure) were correspondingly absent in composites processed at high temperature. Results from this work suggest that the thermoset polymer can be reused effectively with minimal changes to the unfilled resin properties. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers