建筑节能服务企业评价标准研究

一、研究目的近年来,我国建筑节能服务产业持续、快速发展。但总体来说,尚处于起步阶段,门槛相对较低。因此,行业内建筑节能服务公司在技术水平、资金实力和规模等方面参差不齐,技术水平差别也很大。为了能规范建筑节能服务产业,应尽快建立起针对建筑节能服务公司的社会化评价指标体系,从技术水平、业务能力、规模大小等多方面综合进行评价,让优秀的建筑节能服务公司脱颖而出,培育行业龙头企业,带动建筑节能服务产业健康发展。     

《建筑节能合同能源管理机制研究》子课题3——建筑节能服务企业评价标准研究

<正>一、研究目的近年来,我国建筑节能服务产业持续、快速发展。但总体来说,尚处于起步阶段,门槛相对较低。因此,行业内建筑节能服务公司在技术水平、资金实力和规模等方面参差不齐,技术水平差别也很大。为了能规范建筑节能服务产业,应尽快建立起针对建筑节能服务公司的社会化评价指标体系,从技术水平、业务能力、规模大小等多方面综合进行评价,让优秀的建筑节能服务公司脱颖而出,培育行业龙头企业,带动建筑节能服务产业健康发展。     

建筑节能推行合同能源管理的思考

合同能源管理是促进建筑节能的重要手段之一。本文介绍了在建筑节能领域中合同能源管理机制的应用情况,从市场环境、建筑节能服务公司、客户等方面分析目前在建筑节能领域开展合同能源管理的主要问题。结合我国建筑节能工作,提出了促进合同能源管理在建筑节能中发展的主要举措。     

建筑节能的发展和对策

本文简述我国建筑节能的发展现状与世界发达国家的差距及建筑节能发展方向和节能措施。     

我国建筑节能服务公司发展的障碍及对策研究

分析我国建筑节能服务公司的发展现状及其发展所面临的障碍,从政府及市场化发展的角度,有针对性地提出对策建议。     

建筑节能服务公司核心竞争力提升策略研究

针对我国建筑领域合同能源管理模式下节能服务公司普遍缺乏核心竞争力的问题,从价值链的视角出发,构建影响建筑节能服务公司核心竞争力的指标体系,并在此基础上提出优化资金运作能力、提升运营管理能力、增强技术创新能力、提高整合实施能力、增强风险防控能力等提升策略,为建筑节能服务公司提升核心竞争力提供参考。     

我国建筑节能实践过程与改进措施

建筑节能是建设和谐社会、实施可持续发展的重要举措.在世界建筑发展的大潮流中,建筑节能已成为共同关注的热点问题,并取得阶段性成果.但与发达国家相比,我国建筑节能起步较晚,发展不快.在总结分析我国建筑节能政策体系和推进实践过程的基础上,揭示了我国建筑节能发展中存在的不足与障碍,从政府、市场与工程建设过程3个方面提出了节能建筑在建设使用过程中应注意的问题以及进一步推广建筑节能的相关措施.     

我国建筑节能立法研究与建议

正为了推动新时期建筑节能与绿色建筑发展,需要完善我国建筑节能与绿色建筑立法。本文通过梳理我国建筑节能立法发展的背景和历程,分析出当前立法中存在的问题,并以德国、日本等发达国家的建筑节能立法现状为域外考察对象,借鉴其立法经验,最后对完善节能立法提出建议,以期通过法制手段促进建筑节能行业的长足发展。一、建筑节能立法开展情况(一)立法发展背景     

建筑节能的现状及其分析研究

本文介绍了我国建筑节能现状,分析了我国建筑节能与发达国家建筑能耗的差距,结合当前我国建筑节能现状及其存在的问题,提出新时期我国建筑节能对策。     

发达国家建筑节能的启示

建筑节能是当今世界最突出的科研课题之一。文章强调提高建筑节能的重要性,介绍发达国家的建筑节能经验,包括制订法律法规、建立评估体系、注意围护结构的保温隔热、重视开发利用可再生能源,并指出我国的建筑节能与发达国家的差距,明确了今后的努力方向,     

Performance of energy recovery ventilator with various weathers and temperature set-points

Based on the generic dynamic building energy simulation environment, EnergyPlus, the simulation model of energy recovery ventilator (ERV) is developed in this paper. With different indoor temperature set-points, the energy performance of ERV along with the availability of ERV is investigated both for Beijing and Shanghai weathers in China in terms of the ratio of heat recovery to energy supply by HVAC devices and ERV. Simulation results show that the seasonal average of the ratio is linear with indoor temperature set-points. The availability of ERV in Shanghai is better than that in Beijing during the winter. In summer, the utilization of ERV is uneconomical if the indoor temperature set-point is higher than 24 °C for the Beijing climate. The indoor temperature set-points have the reverse effects to the availability of ERV in the mid-season and to that in the hottest months. Meanwhile, the heating amount recovery in summer and the cooling amount recovery in winter, both of which impair the strong points of the energy recovery, are analyzed quantitatively.     

Performance of large fan-filter units for cleanroom applications

Fan-filter units (FFUs) are widely used in clean space to re-circulate and remove particles out of the airflows directed to cleanrooms or minienvironments. Energy and aerodynamic performance of FFUs may largely influence both energy efficiency and effectiveness in contamination control in the cleanroom design, qualifications, and operation. This article presents laboratory-measured performance of seven relatively new and large FFUs, with a section size of 122-cm×122-cm, or 4-ft×4-ft. In addition, this article includes a comparison of the performance of these large FFUs with that of smaller, 122-cm×61-cm (or 4-ft×2-ft) FFUs that were previously tested. The comparison was based upon a set of performance metrics such as total pressure efficiency (TPE) and energy performance index (EPI). This article found that there were wide variations in the energy performance of FFUs, and that using a consistent evaluation method can generate comparable FFU performance information. When operating at the maximal setting of speed control dials used to control their respective fan-wheel speeds, the larger units in this study tended to be more energy efficient than their smaller counterparts. The energy efficiency level of the same unit may vary considerably, depending on actual operating conditions such as airflow speeds and pressure rise across the units. Furthermore, this article provides recommendations for further investigations to improve energy efficiency of FFU applications.     

Efficiency of energy recovery ventilator with various weathers and its energy saving performance in a residential apartment

The energy recovery ventilator (ERV) is an effective method, which can transfer heat and moisture from the exhaust air into the outdoor fresh air to save energy in buildings. Nowadays, ERV has been widely used in the commercial, industrial and residential buildings in China. Its energy saving performance depends on a lot of factors, such as the outdoor environmental conditions, the enthalpy efficiency of the exchanger, and so on. Based on the relationship among sensible heat, latent heat and enthalpy efficiency, we analyzed the weighted coefficient equations for describing the performance of ERV in different climatic zones in China. According to China weather data, enthalpy efficiency of the exchanger mainly depends on sensible heat efficiency in winter and latent heat efficiency in summer. The energy simulations of a sample apartment in a residential building were made under different operation conditions to study the performance of ERV. The energy saving performances of the ERV were studied with five different outdoor climatic conditions, the enthalpy efficiency, fan power consumption of ERV and fresh air change rate. To improve energy saving performance, better efficient enthalpy exchange material and higher effiencient fans must be explored, while reasonable fresh air change rate as well as proper operation period according to local climate should also be carefully considered.     

Capturing energy-saving opportunities in make-up air systems for cleanrooms of high-technology fabrication plant in subtropical climate

Operation of make-up air units (MAUs) for cleanrooms of high-technology fabrication plant in subtropical climates is very energy intensive, in that it is expected to deliver conditioned air at elevated airflow rates, compared to conventional commercial applications. Optimizing the design of MAU via reducing or displacing mechanical cooling or electrical heating processes can improve energy efficiency in cleanrooms since cleanroom air-conditioning systems typically use 30-65% of the total energy consumption in a high-tech fabrication plant [1]. This paper investigates the difference in energy efficiency performance of MAU systems with different pre-cooling and preheating/humidification schemes. Additionally, a comparative study was carried out for humidification schemes including wet media, directly atomized water, steam, and two-phase flow. The results show that energy recovery by DCC water return method exhibits the best energy efficiency among a total of eight schemes evaluated in this study. In addition, wet media scheme is the best humidification scheme in winter time, compared with the other three types of humidification schemes.     

Investigation of air management and energy performance in a data center in Finland: Case study

This is the first research paper on data center from Finland. The objectives of this study are to evaluate air management and energy performance of cooling system and investigate the possibilities of energy saving and reuse in the data center. Field measurements, particularly for long term's IT and facility powers, were conducted. Different performance metrics for the cooling system and power consumption were examined and analysed. Key problem areas and energy saving opportunities were identified. The electrical end use breakdown was estimated. Results show that IT equipment intake conditions were within the recommended or allowable ranges from ASHRAE. The Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) value for a typical year was about 1.33. Noticeable recirculation of hot air was not observed, but extreme bypass air was found. The air change rate was set much bigger than the recommended ASHRAE's value. There was no heat recovery system. The air management and heat recovery issues therefore need to be addressed. Fan speeds (Computer Room Air-Conditioning Unit) should be reduced and the ventilation rate should be minimized. Further, a simulated heat recovery system was presented demonstrating that the data center could potentially provide yearly space and hot water heating for 30,916 m² non-domestic building.     

Dimensions of energy security in Small Island Developing States

For Small Island Developing States (SIDS) that import oil, energy security is very important and dealt with seriously. This paper attempts to fill a gap in the literature by identifying the dimensions that shape a secure and sustainable supply of energy in SIDS. Seven dimensions were identified and incorporated into a framework for conceptualising and assessing SIDS energy security which are: import dependency; energy prices; climate change and resilience; governance; infrastructure; equity; and energy efficiency. This study also recommends selected strategies and actions to improve energy security in SIDS.     

Geothermal energy in Australia

Although Australia is not usually associated with geothermal energy, it possesses significant amounts of both conventional (wet) geothermal and hot dry rock (HDR) geothermal resources. The country's conventional geothermal resources are extensive, but are low temperature and are located in areas of low population density with the result that they are not used extensively for either electricity generation or for direct heating. Australia's HDR resources, on the other hand, represent a world-class resource but have not been used to date because the technology for converting HDR resources into electricity is not yet fully commercial. The effort being directed towards exploring economically useful HDR resources and in the development of technology to convert this energy resource into electricity could make HDR resources an important part of Australia's energy mix in the near future, but there are major barriers.     

Use of microencapsulated PCM in concrete walls for energy savings

This paper studies a new innovative concrete with phase change materials (PCM) on thermal aspects. The final objective is to develop a product which would achieve important energy savings in buildings. The work here presented is the construction and experimental installation of two real size concrete cubicles to study the effect of the inclusion of a PCM with a melting point of 26 °C. The cubicles were constructed in the locality of Puigverd of Lleida (Spain). The results of this study show the energy storage in the walls by encapsulating PCMs and the comparison with conventional concrete without PCMs leading to an improved thermal inertia as well as lower inner temperatures.     

Development of a framework of key performance indicators to identify reductions in energy consumption in a medical devices production facility

The consumption of energy in manufacturing operations is growing in significance and approaches to reduce the resulting environmental impacts are necessary. Whilst companies have focused on reducing energy at a facilities level, research indicates that specific production processes generate significant environmental impact through energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Potential energy savings have been identified in production processes; however the necessary tools are missing. The development of energy performance indicators have been described in theory but there is little evidence of their successful application in practice. This research proposes the application of a normalised co-efficient to view production and energy data and the development of a rolling energy performance co-efficient to provide alerts to ‘out-of-control’ production operations. Implementation of the approach in a large medical devices manufacturing facility has identified significant savings. Key consideration in the development of energy key performance indicators for production operations are described.     

LEED与《绿色建筑评价标准》结构体系对比研究

从结构体系的角度对LEED和<绿色建筑评价标准>进行比较,分析<绿色建筑评价标准>的优势与存在的问题,对<绿色建筑评价标准>的结构体系提出修订建议.