如何做好建筑施工现场签证

工程项目合同一经签订,现场签证就已经开始了。在投标的过程中,施工图预算往往是在理想的状态下编制的,没有考虑现场的特殊情况和特殊技术措施;施工管理人员往往没有全过程的参加合同条款和内容细节的起草和审定,存在着对合同内容理解、研究和掌握的问题。为了顺利的做好现场签证,施工人员应从以下几个方面入手,做好现场签证。     

隐蔽工程项目现场管理

本文介绍了隐蔽工程施工现场准确测量签证及工程量准确审核签证的具体方法。     

浅谈矿山基建期签证预算的管理控制

由于冶金矿山项目规模大,工期较长,情况复杂等特点,致使项目投资控制困难重重,造成施工阶段投资控制难点在于对设计变更和现场签证的管理。为了防止投资失控,在设计变更和现场签证管理方面,必须依据有关管理制度对设计变更与现场签证进行合理确认与管理。所以,本文主要是围绕如何对基建期签证预算的管理控制,降低矿山工程投资进行论述的。     

工程项目的现场签证管理

现场签证是指工程承包合同与施工图预算以外,在施工过程中因工程实际需要或现场条件发生变化,用以证实施工特殊情况的书面材料。一般是由施工单位详细做出记录,经建设单位、监理现场核实工程量后进行签证,同时作为编制预算办理结算的依据。它是影响工程投资的关键因素之一,通过加强签证管理,从而降低工程造价,达到提高经济效益的目的。     

浅析工程造价的系统控制

剖析了目前工程建设中普遍存在缺乏系统控制工程造价的观念、设计阶段管理制度不完善等问题。针对存在的问题 ,提出了系统控制工程造价、加强设计管理、严格现场签证审查等解决问题的对策 ,指出工程管理是一项系统工程 ,工程造价应系统控制。     

施工现场签证存在问题及其解决办法

如何合理有效地控制工程造价,使有限的资金创造出更多、更大的效益,一直是值得关注的问题。结合项目施工现场签证实践,分析了施工现场签证存在的主要问题,提出了解决办法,以有效控制工程造价。     

宝钢低压供电系统主接线设计存在的问题分析

文章介绍了宝钢－－三期低压供电系统的几种主接线形式和变压器的中性点51GN继电保护。分析了部分主接线设计中存在的问题和现场发生的器跳电原因,提出了通过增加电气联锁来解决目前现场存在问题的办法。     

对工程决算审核问题的探讨

本文系统介绍了工程竣工决策审核的重点，对工程决算审核应注意的问题进行了论述，并提出了现场签证是工程结算的重要环节。     

工程签证审计方法初探

从多方面介绍了在工程施工过程中，工程签证中存在的虚假签证问题，以及对问题采取的防范措施，从而为确定合理的工程造价提供可靠的保证。     

实行项目经理负责制及风险抵押管理实践

介绍了济钢项目经理负责制及风险抵押管理的模式和办法,并提出了今后的改进建议。济钢通过采用项目经理负责制及风险抵押管理办法,取得了责任分明、工艺合理、现场签证少、工程预结算控制严格等效果,有效降低了工程造价。     

如何有效进行施工现场签证的控制

对当前施工现场价格签证现状进行了分析,提出了如何加强施工现场价格签证控制的组织、技术、经济、合同等措施。     

Relative Productivity in the AEC Industries in the United States for On-Site and Off-Site Activities

This paper compares the relative productivity of construction industry sectors with significant off-site fabrication with more traditional on-site sectors. The off-site sectors, such as curtainwall, structural steel, and precast concrete fabrication, consistently show higher productivity growth than on-site sectors. Furthermore, the value-added content of the off-site sectors is increasing faster than that of the on-site sectors, indicating faster productivity growth. However, the off-site sectors are not traditionally considered as part of the construction industry by the U.S. Economic Census, but rather as manufacturing. Ignoring the off-site segments of construction has led to significant underestimation of construction productivity.     

Time Series Models for Forecasting Construction Costs Using Time Series Indexes

Construction often involves considerable time gaps between cost estimation and on-site operations. In addition, many operations are performed over a considerable period of time. Accordingly, estimating construction costs must consider the trend of costs in the market, where construction costs normally change over time. Insight into the trend of construction costs in the market, therefore, is beneficial, even critical, to the effective cost management of construction projects. In an effort to support such insight development, two time series models were built by analyzing time series index data and comparing them with existing methods in the present study. The developed time series models accurately predict construction cost indexes. In particular, the models respond sensitively and swiftly to a quick, large change of costs, which allows for accurate forecasting over the short- and long-term periods. Overall, the models are effective for understanding the trend of construction costs.     

Vocational Interests (The Self-Directed Search) of Female Carpenters.

In this national sample of female carpenters (N=411) who began their apprenticeship with the United Brotherhood of Carpenters during the 1990s in the United States, the author provides a profile of female carpenters' vocational interests (The Self-Directed Search). The vocational interests of 137 male carpenters also were gathered for comparison. The results indicate that the vocational interests of female and male carpenters are dominated by Realistic interests. These outcomes are supported by earlier work with the Strong Interest Inventory. The author suggests that test construction and sampling play a role in the controversy about gender bias in interest inventories. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

浅议定额计价模式下检修工程的造价控制

检修工程的造价控制也是一个全过程的管理。本文结合工程审计对检修工程合同、变更、签证、材料、工器具的管理进行探讨，     

Work Stress, Support, and Mental Health in Construction

Construction professionals are subjected to a plethora of occupational demands that can have a negative effect on their psychological wellbeing. Such demands can have an adverse influence on individual and organizational performance. To investigate the nature of self and social supports and mental health among construction professionals, an exploratory study was undertaken using the Stress and Mental Health Survey. The survey was distributed to construction professionals throughout Australia and 449 responses were received. Analysis revealed that those working for a contracting organization on-site reported higher levels of poor mental health and greater work stress than consultants. Those working on-site also experienced greater levels of self-stress, whereas consultants reported higher levels of self and work support. Work support was a significant predictor of poor mental health for consultants. Good health, however, was predicted by self, situational, and work support, whereas those working for a contractor only self-support predicated good mental health. It is concluded that while supports are essential in the fostering of good mental health, the absence of these supports can have a significant impact on poor mental health.     

Application Framework for Mapping and Simulation of Waste Handling Processes in Construction

This research is focused on modeling waste-handling processes in construction, with particular emphasis on how to map out and simulate on-site waste sorting processes. The research proposes an application framework for (1) guiding the development of process mapping models and simulation models; and (2) further assessing the cost effectiveness of on-site waste sorting efforts under practical site constraints (such as labor resource availability, time control on refuse chute usage, and limited working area space in a building site). The connection has been established between the mapping and simulation techniques in the context of modeling waste handling processes in construction sites, such that the process flowchart resulting from the mapping technique can serve as convenient model input to facilitate the creation of a “dynamic” operations simulation model. A case study of the on-site waste sorting method with one refuse chute for waste classification is presented to demonstrate the complete application framework spanning (1) process mapping; (2) mapping-to-simulation model conversion; and (3) method optimization based on valid simulations.     

宝钢分公司4号高炉炉壳现场焊接技术

介绍了宝钢分公司4号高炉炉壳现场焊接的工程特点及难点,分析了现场需要解决的焊接技术难题,并采取了相应的技术措施及质量管理措施,取得了较好的效果.总结了宝钢分公司4号高炉现场焊接技术经验.     

短流程强化底吹炼铜炉炉型升级的数值模拟与工程实践

建立了三维底吹熔炼炉数学模型,对熔池气相分布和动量分布规律进行了研究,为底吹炉炉体的升级改造提供了基准和重要参数。根据数值模拟研究结果,提出易门铜业底吹炉设备本体改造方案及现场施工方案的细化。底吹炉本体采用三托辊支撑,并在厂房内进行现场切割加长改造;底吹炉加长段现场施工空间狭小,创新现场改造方案,采用特殊设备折壁吊在原有厂房内实施炉体吊装,实现了41天完成现场改造。