自蔓延高温合成多孔TiB_2-TiC复相陶瓷

以Ti和B_4C粉末为原料,采用自蔓延高温合成技术(SHS)制备了Ti:B_4C摩尔配比分别为3:1、3.5:1、4:1的3种Ti B_2-Ti C复相多孔陶瓷,对其燃烧合成特征、相组成、微观形貌、孔隙率、抗氧化性能和孔隙形成机理进行了分析。结果表明:Ti-B_4C体系最高燃烧温度达2458 K,XRD图谱显示只有Ti B_2和Ti C 2种物相。多孔Ti B_2-Ti C陶瓷具有大孔、骨架小孔的两级孔结构特征,开孔率为30.67%~31.19%。Ti B_2-Ti C陶瓷具有良好的高温抗氧化性能。多孔材料的造孔机理主要包括粉末压坯颗粒间的原始间隙,燃烧合成反应过程中先熔化的Ti颗粒在毛细作用下发生流动形成的原位孔隙,原位孔隙和颗粒间原始间隙结合形成的大孔隙以及燃烧合成过程中因熔化析出作用形成的小孔隙。     

无压烧结Ti-Al多孔材料的组织结构与反应机制

以Ti和Al 2种粉末为原料,采用粉末压制一无压烧结技术制备了TiAl多孔材料,并对其宏观形貌、相组成、孔结构、反应机制和孔隙形成机理进行了分析。结果表明:Ti-Al粉末压坯在烧结过程中发生了明显的体积膨胀,多孔材料的总孔隙率为49.88%~57.53%,开孔率为47.60%~56.15%。多孔材料主要由连续的颗粒骨架、骨架之间的大孔隙和骨架内部的小孔隙构成,孔隙主要来自粉末压坯颗粒之间存在的原始大孔隙、无压烧结过程中先熔化的Al颗粒在毛细作用下发生流动形成的原位大孔隙和析出过程在Ti-Al产物颗粒之间形成的小孔隙。Ti-Al多孔材料主要由TiAl_3单相构成,无压烧结过程中Ti-Al之间发生了热爆反应。     

热爆法制备FeAl基金属间化合物多孔材料（英文）

以Fe、Al粉末为原料,采用热爆法制备FeAl基金属间化合物多孔材料,研究烧结温度对其相组成、孔结构以及抗氧化性能的影响。结果表明:Fe-Al的热爆反应发生在636°C,1000°C烧结后得到单相FeAl金属间化合物多孔材料;多孔材料的开孔率达65%,其主要由连续的颗粒骨架、骨架之间的大孔隙和骨架内部的小孔隙构成;孔隙主要来自粉末压坯颗粒之间存在的原始大孔隙、烧结过程中熔化的Al颗粒在毛细作用下发生流动形成的原位大孔隙以及析出过程中在Fe-Al产物颗粒之间形成的小孔隙。此外,FeAl多孔材料在650°C空气气氛中表现出较好的抗高温氧化性能。     

Microstructure and Formation Mechanism of Porous Ti-Al Intermetallics Prepared by Pressureless Sintering

以Ti和Al 2种粉末为原料,采用粉末压制-无压烧结技术制备了TiAl多孔材料,并对其宏观形貌、相组成、孔结构、反应机制和孔隙形成机理进行了分析。结果表明：Ti-Al粉末压坯在烧结过程中发生了明显的体积膨胀,多孔材料的总孔隙率为49.88%~57.53%,开孔率为47.60%~56.15%。多孔材料主要由连续的颗粒骨架、骨架之间的大孔隙和骨架内部的小孔隙构成,孔隙主要来自粉末压坯颗粒之间存在的原始大孔隙、无压烧结过程中先熔化的Al颗粒在毛细作用下发生流动形成的原位大孔隙和析出过程在Ti-Al产物颗粒之间形成的小孔隙。Ti-Al多孔材料主要由TiAl3单相构成,无压烧结过程中Ti-Al之间发生了热爆反应。     

粉末烧结和燃烧合成法制备多孔TiNiFe合金(英文)

采用粉末烧结法和燃烧合成法制备了多孔Ti50Ni48Fe2(at%)形状记忆合金。前者通过添加不同含量的造孔剂(NH4HCO3)来调节控制多孔合金的孔隙特性如孔隙形貌、孔隙度、平均孔隙尺寸;而后者通过生坯的孔隙度来控制合金的上述孔隙特性。通过两种方法制备的多孔TiNiFe合金的孔隙特性满足多孔植入材料的孔隙要求,是理想的多孔植入候选材料。     

SrCO_3对NbCr_2金属间化合物多孔材料孔隙的影响

采用机械合金化及热压烧结工艺原位合成Laves相NbCr2金属间化合物多孔材料,探讨造孔剂SrCO3对NbCr2多孔材料孔隙的影响。结果表明:随SrCO3含量的增加,NbCr2多孔材料的相对密度先减少后增加,孔隙率先增加后减少;当SrCO3质量分数为1%时,NbCr2多孔材料的总孔隙率最高,达到44.58%。     

Mn-Si金属间化合物多孔材料的制备

以Mn、Si元素粉末为原料,用反应合成方法制备Mn-Si金属间化合物多孔材料,表征各烧结温度所对应的孔结构、膨胀率和微观形貌,研究烧结过程中孔隙产生的机理。结果表明:在Mn-Si金属间化合物多孔材料的制备过程中烧结体发生明显的体积膨胀,烧结温度在800℃之前时膨胀率和开孔隙率随着温度的升高不断增大,800℃以后,膨胀率和开孔隙率均呈下降趋势;在最终烧结温度1040℃下得到开孔隙率为47.60%、平均孔径为11.97μm、孔结构均匀的多孔材料。探讨多孔材料的造孔机理,主要为压制孔隙的演变,成型剂的脱除,以及Mn元素和Si元素在扩散反应中不同扩散速度引起的Kirkendall效应。     

SPS熔铸工艺制备Nb/Nb5Si3原位复合材料

以Nb,Si粉末为原料,采用放电等离子烧结(SPS)技术,原位合成了密实的Nb/Nb5Si3复合材料。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、电子探针微区分析(EPMA)和X射线衍射(XRD)等手段对材料的组织结构进行了分析,并探讨了材料的结构形成机制。结果表明,合成的材料由近球状的Nb颗粒与Nb-Nb5Si3共晶组织组成;SPS过程中产生的放电等离子体使Si粉及Nb颗粒的表面熔化,熔融的Nb和Si在冷却过程中发生共晶反应而形成Nb-Nb5Si3共晶体,而未反应完的Nb颗粒则均匀分布在共晶组织中     

烧结温度对SPS Nb/Nb5Si3原位复合材料组织结构的影响

以Nb、Si粉末为原料,采用放电等离子烧结（SPS）技术,原位合成Nb／NbsSi,复合材料,研究了烧结温度对材料组织结构的影响。结果表明,Nb／Nb5Si3复合材料的反应SPS烧结存在一个临界烧结温度Tc=1400℃;当烧结温度低于Tc时,合成的材料致密性较低,且存在Nb3Si中间相;当烧结温度高于Tc时,可获得所需的Nb／Nb5Si3复合材料,而且随着烧结温度的提高,Nb颗粒尺寸变小,材料的致密性高达99．59％。     

原位热压制备Ti3Si0．8Al0．4C1．95固溶体陶瓷

以Ti、Si、Al和C（石墨）元素粉为原料，采用原位热压烧结法制备了高纯度的Ti3Si0．8Al0．4C1．95层间固溶体陶瓷块体材料，研究了合成温度对产物纯度的影响，测试分析了制备材料的相组成及显微结构，测试了制备材料的密度、抗弯强度及电阻率等特性。结果表明，适当的热压烧结温度为1550℃左右，偏高或偏低都导致TiC及Ti5Si3等杂相的生成；微观结构为典型的板状晶，晶粒内部的层状结构清晰可见；材料的密度、抗弯强度和电阻率均介于Ti3SiC2和Ti3AlC2两者之间。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.