ZF40．06.081D倒—Ⅰ档拨叉模锻工艺研究

五档变速箱拨叉ZF40.06.081D形状复杂,一直采用直接下料,再机加工成形的方法,存在加工余量大、刀具消耗量大及材料利用率低等缺点。为了节约材料,降低成本,提高零件的力学性能和生产率,论证后我们提出了模锻的方法。     

液态模锻工艺在摩托车制造领域的应用

文章阐述了液态模锻工艺在摩托车零配件制造中具体的实施过程,从产品锻件图设计、模具结构设计、及液态模锻工艺过程等几个方面,总结出产品整个生产过程应注意的关键技术问题。     

波导弯头液态模锻工艺的试验研究

本文对波导弯头液态模锻进行了试验研究。试验研究结果表明,采用液态模锻方法,可以批量生产表面光滑、尺寸精度高、可供互换的高质量的波导弯头。该研究为薄壁壳形件的成形提供了一种新的工艺方法。     

汽车前轴精辊——模锻工艺

汽车前轴的长度一般为1200～1900mm,重量一般为33～83kg,锻件细长、横向截面变化大、纵向带弯曲、锻造工艺复杂,需要在大型的模锻设备上加工。国外一般采用万吨以上的热模锻压力机来锻造成形,但设备价格昂贵,投资巨大,国内一般工厂都难以承受。目前国内仅有3条万吨级的热模锻压力机锻造生产线,分别在二汽、一汽和湖北神力锻造公司。     

弯曲镦锻曲轴曲臂塌角缺陷解决方法

曲轴弯曲镦锻工艺适用于无法采用模锻工艺生产的大型曲轴，一般在液压机七配备专用模具进行生产。它是利用曲轴本身的特点，采用局部加热的方式，以弯曲镦锻的方法在模具内将曲拐逐个锻出。继续成形下一拐时，用已成形的前一拐颈做定位，以保证拐问的相对角度。该工艺是一种全纤维锻造技术，曲轴金属纤维沿曲拐外形连续分布，机加工后金属纤维不被切断，钢坯心部的偏析和夹杂等缺陷不外露，因而保证了曲轴的力学性能，所以该技术被广泛地应用于内燃机车、     

基于数值模拟的叶片毛坯径向锻造成型分析

基于Simufact.Forming径向锻造模块对某叶片毛坯锻造成形过程进行数值模拟分析,研究了径向锻坯到叶片模锻的成型过程,获得了叶片锻坯在径向锻造过程中等效应变以及锻流线分布规律。深入分析锻坯锻透性,并对径锻成形过程进行理论计算和试验验证。结果表明:适当提高相对压下率能使锻坯变形均匀,采用拉打径向锻造方式能够有效保证锻坯成型的尺寸精度,得到的叶片锻坯模锻充型效果较好,飞边分布均匀,锻坯心部等效应力在锻打时有规律地发生波动,旋转锻打使金属材料沿周向流动,锻流线的扭转角与旋转角相一致,锻坯质量较好,无明显缺陷。     

TA15钛合金整体框等温精密模锻件的试制研究

介绍了某重点型号项目TA15钛合金整体框等温锻件的研制情况,对锻件设计、模具制造、锻坯和锻造工艺等研制过程进行了概述,重点对锻件的锻造工艺特点及存在的问题进行了分析、研究和总结,并对存在的问题给出了解决方法。该项目使用8 000t液压机,采用等温锻造技术,在国内首次试制生产出主体加工余量仅为4~5mm,外形尺寸达1 570mm×1 500mm×80mm的大尺寸模锻件,并突破了传统模锻造生产中锻坯的制作工艺方法,为今后大型锻件的生产开辟了新的思路。     

热加工工艺对锻模寿命的影响

分析研究了从冶炼、锻造及热处理等锻模热加工的各工序对锻模使用寿命的影响,并制定了预防锻模早期失效和提高锻模使用寿命的措施。重点阐述了模坯锻造过程中应注意的工艺技巧及方法,提出了针对热锻模具采用不同的热处理工艺和表面强化处理方法。     

镁合金壳体锻造工艺试验及分析

根据某壳体零件锻造毛坯的要求,通过试验确定了MB2镁合金在普通锻床上锻造时的锻造温度、炉膛保温时间、锻床夹板温度、锻打时间等工艺参数,为制订该合金的锻造工艺提供了依据。     

基于Deform的刮板锻造工艺及模具设计研究

刮板由于其较复杂的结构,在模锻过程中常存在折叠、局部填充不足、欠压及裂纹等缺陷.实践表明,锻造过程中坯料与模具温度的控制不当、坯料与毛边槽设计不够不合理,导致金属流动困难是造成缺陷的主要原因.借助有限元仿真软件Deform,通过对刮板模锻成型的模拟分析,可以提供金属材料流动、模具填充、毛坯与模具温度变换等工艺分析数据.研究表明,Deform软件的应用,可有效地避免锻造缺陷的发生、提高材料利用率、减少试锻次数,对此类锻件的生产有很强的参考价值.     

锻压温度对新型汽车差速器齿轮性能的影响

采用不同的始锻温度和终锻温度对新型汽车差速器齿轮用20CrMnTiVSr试样进行了锻压成型试验,并进行了磨损性能和冲击性能的测试与分析。结果表明:随始锻温度和终锻温度的升高,新型汽车差速器齿轮用20CrMnTiVSr试样的磨损体积先减小后增大,冲击吸收功先增大后减小,耐磨损性能和冲击性能先提升后下降。与1160℃始锻相比,1220℃始锻温度下试样的磨损体积减小了44.44%,冲击吸收功增大了20%;与760℃终锻相比,820℃终锻温度下试样的磨损体积减小了47.37%,冲击吸收功增大了24.53%。新型汽车差速器齿轮用20CrMnTiVSr试样的锻压工艺参数优选为:1220℃始锻温度、820℃终锻温度。     

Impedance analysis of forging process and strategy study on compliance for forging manipulator

In the field of heavy forging, there are numerous researches on deformation rule in forging process by FEM simulation, however, not many scholars take the equipment constraint and the mutual reaction load between the forging manipulator clamp and the forging blank into account, which will impact on safety of manipulator body and quality of forging blank. This paper presents an impedance model to describe the load and formulates compliance strategies correspondingly to reduce the mutual reaction load for forging manipulator. Firstly, an FEM model of forging process is built. Meanwhile, the clamp of forging manipulator is added to the model as movement constraint and interaction part between the manipulator and the forming process. Secondly, a typical forging process is simulated by changing the movement constraint, and then an impedance model is established to describe the relationship between the load and movement constraint. Finally, two kinds of compliance strategies are formulated according to the impedance model, one is called free compliance, and the other is initiative/passive compliance. The simulation results show that compliance strategies reduce the load amounting to 5 000 kN in z direction between the manipulator clamp and the forging blank obviously, which may lead to serious accidents, such as the capsizing of forging manipulator, the fracture of manipulator clamp, and so on. The proposed research simulates the more real forging process, gets the initiative/passive compliance strategy which is more simple and suitable to the real producing and better for forming a forging process planning and control system in the modern production, and improves the quality and efficiency of heavy forging.     

基于DEFORM的大型封头整体锻造工艺数值模拟

大型整体封头越来越受到重视,需要开发可行的制造工艺。通过采用数值模拟的手段,设计了采用上模和下模的整体封头锻造工艺,对两种上模旋转下压的方式进行了对比,通过DEFORM-3D塑性成形软件对锻造过程进行了模拟计算,分析了终锻后锻件的等效应变分布。结果表明,通过采用上模旋转下压的方式,可以得到所需的封头,锻件尺寸符合要求。     

300M钢锻件中的裂纹扩展机理

对300M钢制筒锻件中的裂纹缺陷进行了观察与分析，并对裂纹扩展的机理进行了研究。结果表明，钢制锻件中裂纹是以微孔聚集型延性开裂并扩展，裂纹断面及其附近的凹坑别是伴随着锻造裂纹的产生以及微裂纹和空洞的形成、连通、圆钝、氧化而形成。     

Hot shape forging of gas turbine disk using microstructure prediction and finite element analysis

The Waspaloy, a Ni-based superalloy, has been widely used for forging material of gas turbine disk since it requires the high tensile strength at high temperature and good resistance to low cycle fatigue. The purpose of this study is to develop a forging process of turbine disk that satisfies the hot deformation characteristics of Waspaloy. Generally, the hot forging of superalloy has been subjected to isothermal forging since the available temperature range of forging is narrow. However, the non-isothermal forging was used to make a turbine disk in this study. Therefore, the analyses of temperature variation and deformation behavior of the material were important to obtain the sound forging products. The hot compression test was carried out to know formability at high temperature and microstructure evolution during hot deformation. In order to define the optimum forging conditions including material temperature, strain rate, strain, microstructure evolution and forging load, the commercial finite element analysis code was used to simulate the forging procedure of turbine disk. The hot forged turbine disk was heat-treated for obtaining the high temperature properties. The cut-off tests on the heat-treated forged disks were carried out. Experimental results were compared with the simulation results by FE analysis. Test results were in good agreement with the simulations. This study shows that the superalloy turbine disk can be manufactured by the semi-closed die forging.