分子筛纯化系统再生方式的改造

简介了20000m3/h空分设备分子筛纯化系统蒸汽加热器泄漏的原因和危害,详细分析了电加热器与蒸汽加热器串、并联使用的改造措施以及改造效果。     

塑编挤出机加热器节能改造(实例)

挤出机加热器改造是目前塑编行业节能方面很重要的研究课题,本文介绍了加热器发展现状,公正客观地分析了各种加热器的利弊,统计本单位的加热基本情况,最终选择了石英加热器作为节能改造方式,并详细制定了改造方案,分析了预期效益。最后以自身的实际改造经历证实了石英加热圈具有较高的节能效益,并将目标指向了全面改造完成后更为可观的收益,对国内同行也有所借鉴。     

空分设备分子筛系统电加热器节能改造

本文针对常规空分设备用电加热器作为热源来加热污氮,进行分子筛解析再生的问题,提出了在系统中串接蒸汽加热器,利用钢厂部分富余蒸汽的热能,进行分子筛系统节能改造的设计思路。文章通过对改造前后的工艺流程对比,改造后的技术优势及经济效益的描述,从节能环保的角度出发,阐述了工艺流程改造的先进性和必要性,明确了作为气体运行公司今后一定时期的工作重点和方向。     

轴封加热器疏水系统优化改造探讨

介绍国产50MW汽轮机轴封加热器疏水系统的工作原理,通过分析湛江生物质发电厂两台机组轴封加热器疏水系统无水位运行的原因,阐明由此导致汽轮机真空下降的危害,提出轴封加热器疏水系统改造的尝试、思路。疏水系统成功改造后,轴加实现正常水位运行,有效提高了机组运行的安全性和经济性。     

分子筛纯化系统电加热器故障分析及预防措施

介绍KDONAr-10000/3600/320型空分设备分子筛纯化系统电加热器和调功柜的结构和工作原理,分析电加热器故障原因和解决办法,阐述为避免同类故障再次发生而对调功柜实施增加联锁功能的改造措施。     

6500m~3/h空分设备分子筛纯化器电加热器改造

介绍了6 5 0 0m3 /h空分设备分子筛纯化器新配电加热器电加热管烧断的故障现象,分析了故障原因,后通过增加气体挡板解决了问题;并通过改造,既达到了分子筛纯化再生的技术要求,又实现了电加热器的一用一备     

水力发电机组加热器自动投退技术改造

介绍通过新增温控表和修改PLC程序及控制回路接线,实现机组加热器投退的自动控制,实践证明该技术不仅提高安全性和可靠性,而且也减轻电站运行人员劳动强度。该改造技术适合于其它类似水电站的技术改造,也可为其它辅机控制系统技术改造提供借鉴。     

某食品加工厂恒温恒湿空调系统设计方法

本文结合食品加工厂项目实例,介绍了用普通空调改造成恒温恒湿空调的方法,阐述了恒温恒湿空调系统制冷设备、加热器、加湿器选型的理论依据以及控制系统的控制原理。     

萨南原稳装置原油系统工艺优化技术研究

原稳装置是采用闪蒸法、分馏法回收原油中的轻组分(轻烃),使原油达到稳定状态,减少原油输送过程中的损耗。本文概述了天然气分公司油气加工二大队原稳站原油系统存在的问题和解决方案.通过改造导热油加热器工艺流程及运行方式、改变工艺流程中腰轮流量计的安装位置、在合适位置增设原油过滤器三个方面解决目前原油加热温度低的问题,通过改造可以提高换热器的加热效率及原稳装置的轻烃收率,可以产生可观的经济效益。     

甲烷红外分析仪的预处理系统改造分析

本文主要介绍甲烷红外分析仪的组成和工作原理，以及它在使用过程中出现的问题，针对出现的问题，利用涡流管和套管式加热器，对预处理系统进行的改造分析。     

Tantalum capping on platinum thin heater for selective area heating

The thermal radiation which generated from the patterned Ta/Pt/Ta thin heater achieved a high temperature up to 1010 °C under applied current of 2.4 A. In order to reduce an electromigration at high current of 2 A, a Ta capping layer was placed on the Pt layer instead of conventional capping layer, such as SiNx and CoWP. Under the thermal radiation at the applied current of 2 A in the Ta/Pt/Ta thin heater, the Ta capping layer enhanced the lifetime of the Pt thin heater up to 5 h. A stamping process for the crystallization of a-Si was performed for 40 samples using the Ta/Pt/Ta thin heater. For all samples, a-Si has been selectively crystallized and Raman peaks were located near 519 cm^− 1. These results indicated that the thermal radiation of the Ta/Pt/Ta thin heater was maintained constantly due to the Ta capping.     

Evolution of the temperature field at the three-dimensional wave front in a heated liquid film

An experimental study of the transformation of three-dimensional waves into thermocapillarywave structures in the flow of water film on a vertical plate with a heater was carried out using the fluorescent thickness measurement technique and a high-speed infrared recording technique in order to measure the temperature field on the liquid film surface. It was shown that the temperature disturbances occur in the residual layer of the wave film. Then, as the film flows along the heater, temperature inhomogeneities appear transverse to the flow at the three-dimensional wave front; and these inhomogeneities cause deformation of the liquid film and formation of rivulet due to the action of thermocapillary forces.     

Maximum density effects on natural convection from a discrete heater in a cavity filled with a porous medium

Summary. A numerical study of natural convection in a two-dimensional porous cavity saturated with water which possesses a density maximum in the vicinity of 3.98°C is carried out in the present paper. It is assumed that one of the cavity vertical walls is heated differentially by an isothermal discrete heater. The other vertical wall is cooled to a constant temperature, while the horizontal walls are adiabatic. Non-Boussinesq and Darcy models are used in the mathematical formulations. The effects of the location of the center of the discrete isothermal heater, the length of the heater and the aspect ratio of the porous cavity are studied for a wide range of modified Rayleigh numbers (50 Ra1000). For long heater and low Ra, it is required to place the heater in the middle of the vertical wall in order to get maximum heat transfer. For short heater and high Ra, fixing the heater in the upper half of the vertical wall leads to an enhancement of the heat transfer. When the aspect ratio A=0.5, the heater is far from the cold wall and hence more thermal resistance in this case reduces the average Nusselt number. On the other hand, higher values of average Nusselt numbers are found for specified Ra and L when the aspect ratio A is increased.     

Contact heat transfer and external mass transfer in contact drying

The heat transfer, compounded by a phase transformation, between the heater surface and the adjoining dried material is considered here as well as the mass transfer between the free surface of this material and surrounding medium (air or cloth) during the first stage and the second stage of the drying process.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 482–490, September, 1970.     

Experimental Investigation of Nucleate Boiling on a Thermal Capacitive Heater Under Variable Gravity Conditions

In the present work the behavior of single vapor bubbles of FC-72, generated on a thermal capacitive heater element, has been investigated during microgravity. A newly developed heater design allows temperature measurements by highspeed infrared thermography on the backside of the heater surface at a distance of approx. 800 nm from the fluid/heater-interface. The employed heater was manufactured by Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) of a chromium based layer for better emissivity (Slomski et al., Mater Sci Technol 41:161?C165, 2010) and a pure chromium heating layer supplying the energy required for bubble generation and sustainment by electrical heating. The thermal diffusivity of the employed Calcium Flouride (CaF) heater substrate is comparable to the thermal diffusivity of stainless steel, which makes this heater design very close to technical applications. The acquired transient temperature fields of the heater surface allow numerical determination of the local heat flux from the heater surface to the fluid. A local temperature drop and high heat fluxes have been observed in the vicinity of the 3-phase contact line. This effect has already been reported by former publications for thin stainless steel foil heaters (Stephan and Hammer, Int J Heat Mass Transfer 30:119?C125, 1994; Wagner et al., Int J Heat Mass Transfer 42:875?C883, 2006) and is also confirmed for heaters with significantly higher thermal capacities.     

A study on the electrical properties of Pb(Zr, Ti)O3 thin films crystallized by the electrical resistive heating of Pt thin film

The electrical properties of Pb(Zr, Ti)O₃ thin films annealed by Pt thin film heater were investigated. By the thin film heater, we successfully crystallized Pb(Zr, Ti)O₃ thin films at a high temperature above 750 °C in a few seconds. The thin film heater has some advantages, such as a low thermal budget, little Pb-loss and enhanced surface morphology compared with the conventional furnace because it has a fast heating rate. The electrical properties of the Pb(Zr, Ti)O₃ thin film crystallized by thin film heater improved considerably comparing to those crystallized in conventional furnace. The remanent polarization, breakdown field, and leakage current density measured to be 22.7 μC/cm², 853 kV/cm, and 6.93 × 10⁻⁷ A/cm², respectively.     

Experimental pure fluid and binary mixture performance in a heat pump equipped with a distillation column

An experimental heat pump system that included a distillation column, accumulator/sump, and heater was experimentally investigated using two different working fluids, R32 and a mixture of R32/134a. Performance variations with changes in sump heater power, condenser and evaporator heat transfer fluid flow, and compressor speed were examined. Heating capacity generally increased with increases in the factors tested. Heating capacity increases were generally smaller with the R32/134a tests than with the R32 tests, except with variations in sump heater power. An increase in sump heater power caused a pronounced increase in the circulating R32 concentration during the mixture tests, and the heating capacity increased markedly. The increase in heating capacity with sump heater power during the R32/134a tests was on par with the increase with compressor power during these same tests. The increase in capacity with sump heater power during the R32/134a tests also was substantial even when compared with the capacity increase with compressor speed during the R32 tests.     

CPC热管真空管式热水器实验研究

研制了一种CPC(复合抛物面聚焦)热管真空管式太阳能热水器。该热水器在普通玻璃真空管热水器的基础上耦合热管技术,并增加了CPC聚光板。对该热水器与全玻璃真空管太阳能热水器进行了热性能对比实验研究。结果表明,在300 W/m2~800 W/m2日照条件下,该新型热水器单位面积集热功率最高可达610 W/m2;平均集热效率约为80%,比全玻璃真空管太阳能热水器的瞬时效率高10%~20%;导热介质的最高温度达到103℃。证明增加CPC聚光板及运用导热油可有效提高集热品位,利用热管技术可解决严寒地区的抗冻问题,所以,CPC热管真空管式太阳能热水器将具有较广阔的市场前景。     

Heating performance enhancement of a CO2 heat pump system recovering stack exhaust thermal energy in fuel cell vehicles

A CO₂ heat pump system using recovered heat from the stack coolant was provided for use in fuel cell vehicles, where the high temperature heat source like in internal combustion engine vehicles is not available. The refrigerant loop consists of an electric drive compressor, a cabin heater, an outdoor evaporator, an internal heat exchanger, an expansion valve and an accumulator. The performance characteristics of the heat pump system were investigated and analyzed by experiments. The results of heating experiments were discussed for the purpose of the development and efficiency improvement of a CO₂ heat pump system, when recovering stack exhaust heat in fuel cell vehicles. A heater core using stack coolant was placed upstream of a cabin heater to preheat incoming air to the cabin heater. The performance of the heat pump system with heater core was compared with that of the conventional heating system with heater core and that of the heat pump system without heater core, and the heat pump system with heater core showed the best performance of the selected heating systems. Furthermore, the coolant to air heat pump system with heater core showed a significantly better performance than the air to air heat pump system with heater core.     

分子筛再生气加热方式的改进

针对20000m3/h空分设备用于加热分子筛再生气的蒸汽加热器运行不稳定,新增1台电加热器,分子筛再生气的加热方式改为蒸汽和电加热并用,保证了空分设备的稳定运行。