浅谈人性化医院的建设

随着人民生活水平的不断提高,人们对于医疗设施包括医院总体环境给予了更多的关注,提出了更高的要求。医院的设计也随着社会要求的变化,出现了新的理念与手法,既要满足医院的使用功能,又要与整个城市相融合更要体现人性化的设计理念,为就医人员,工作人员带来舒适的就医环境与工作环境,医院不仅是病人就医的场所更要成为其所处地区的代表性建筑、城市地标为城市带来新的生机与活力．本文通过对建设医院应注意的人性化设计要点的阐述,力图和自然建立和谐对话,满足医院的功能性的同时通过就医环境的改善,缓解就医人员的心里压力,为医院的可持续发展作出贡献。     

城市医院建筑更新改造设计策略

在我国,对医院建筑进行扩建规划和相关设计工作是关乎国计民生的重大战略部署,设计出人性化、可持续发展的医院,实现医护人员与患者在功能完善、环境舒适的医疗空间就医是当代设计师亟须解决的问题.深入探究城市医院在设计实施至使用阶段优化问题,提出解决新旧矛盾的更新改造设计策略,为医院建设的研究和实践提供参考.     

寒地医疗建筑立面色彩设计研究——以哈尔滨医疗建筑为例

随着人们对健康要求的提升,对医院的建设需求和品质要求也大大提高。寒地医疗建筑立面色彩设计直接影响人们就医时的心理及生理状态,同时也会对寒地城市环境产生影响。文中以寒地医疗建筑立面色彩为研究对象,从大众接受及城市等多角度出发,发掘寒地医院立面色彩的作用规律及设计策略,旨在改善和促进寒地医院建筑立面色彩的设计实践。     

医院信息化建设中综合布线系统规划思考——美国康普SYSTIMAX Solutions医院解决方案建议

1医院信息化的复杂性对网络提出了高要求1.1医院信息网络平台的特点现代化新型医院通过建筑智能化和医疗信息化的完美结合,以建筑为基础,通信网络为平台,集成医疗、诊疗、办公自动化、病历、医疗影像数字化管理、传输等诸多功能于一体,通过构建系统和服务的优化组合平台,向医院内所有人员,包括病人、医生、护士、科研人员、学生等,提供一个安全、高效、舒适、方便的就医、诊疗、科研、学习的环境,通过信息化提高医院的管理水平,提升医院的就医标准。     

中心城区医院建筑改扩建设计的思考

以大型城市中心城区医院改扩建设计为研究对象,从城市、建筑、景观、节能四方面,分析了中心城区医院建筑的改扩建设计思路,旨在为人们创造出优质、舒适、便捷的就医环境。     

城市更新导向下的东营市人民医院改扩建规划

医疗建筑作为一种专业技术含量大、功能复杂、涉及领域广泛的建筑类型,对其进行改扩建面临着空间受限、规划管控和医疗建筑自身的技术要求等问题,而城市更新则能通过对建筑的维护、修整和拆除等方式强化城市功能,促进城市发展。基于此,文章将城市更新理念引入医疗建筑的改扩建中,在深入研究国内医院改扩建过程存在问题的基础上,从城市风貌、空间结构、交通流线、医疗环境、绿色节能和弹性规划六个方面提出医疗建筑改扩建的规划策略,并在东营市人民医院的改扩建中加以实践,最终实现了新院区与城市的和谐共生。     

医院康养型景观外环境创新设计探索——以深圳中山大学第七附属医院(二期)环境景观设计为例

作为建筑室外环境的一种特殊类型,医院园区景观外环境不仅要满足平时就医人群和医护人员的日常使用,还需要突出医疗环境的康养型特色,因此在设计时需要格外重点研究和实践.该文试图从康养主题、康养功能构思、景观空间融合、康养景观落地等角度,重点对医院康养型景观环境设计做一些探索,旨在设计建造符合相关人员行为特色、舒适宜人、功能多...     

城市医疗设施布点的可达性分析及其适老化发展研究——以合肥市为例

研究立足于我国人口老龄化背景,在对城市中老年人就医现状的调研基础上,运用GIS软件对医疗设施在合肥市中的适老化分布进行分析。通过对不同等级医疗设施可达性进行适老化角度的分析,发现设施中的三级医院可达范围因聚集而较为有限;除三级医院以外其他医院的可达范围则延城市重要道路向东西向、北向、西南向以及东南向扩散延伸;社区卫生服务中心的可达性很强,其中等区间范围基本实现全市覆盖。研究通过对合肥市医疗设施布局适老化现状的分析,以期为我国城市医疗设施适老化合理分布提供科学建议和理论指导。     

关于城市声景保护的社会调查研究

良好的城市声景是城市重要的景观资源,对于提升城市整体的环境质量有很重要的作用。随着城市的发展,有些声景可能面临着改变或消失,声景保护和噪声治理同样迫在眉睫。该研究以天津市为蓝本,共计发放2500多份问卷,通过社会调查的方法查明了不同社会人群对城市声景保护的态度、认识以及需要保护的城市声景内容。结果发现不同性别、年龄、职业、受教育程度对７个城市声景的主观认知均有影响;并且不同社会特征人群对城市需要保护的声景内容的确定存在差异。这些基础性研究为城市声景保护和发展奠定了理论基础。     

高密度城市中心区的高层医疗建筑综合体设计——以上海市第六人民医院骨科临床诊疗中心为例

随着城市建设的发展和医疗投入的增加,城市中心区老医院往往无法满足当前的使用要求,亟须改建和扩建。与郊区新建医院相比,高密度城市中心区高层医疗建筑综合体不仅面临来自建筑自身的问题,更需解决来自外部城市环境的矛盾。文章基于实例分析,探索上述问题的设计应对方法,通过对总体布局模式、功能流线设计及公共空间营造的解析,为医院设计提供新的思路。     

Priorization of acoustic variables: Environmental decision support for the physical characterization of urban sound environments

Environmental noise is a factor with a significant impact on personal well-being. One of the principal challenges of urban planning is the creation of urban spaces capable of providing inhabitants with a high quality of life. Consequently urban spaces must be planned with an acceptable sound level and quality. For this purpose, it is necessary to design a tool capable of accurately characterizing the urban sound environment. This article describes a priorization of acoustic variables, which will ultimately help to make decisions in the characterization of environmental urban noise. This study describes the development of a model to characterize sound environments, in urban agglomerations, which takes into account both temporal and spatial structure. The results obtained point to the influence of the variables related to the evolution of sound pressure on the calculation of the sound pressure level. They also reflect the influence of the sound pressure level corrected by the variability of the sound pressure, as well as the benefits derived from an optimal selection of variables in the characterization of the sound environment.     

Noticed sound events management as a tool for inclusion in the action plans against noise in medium-sized cities

European Directive on Environmental Noise Management set forth the need to undertake strategic noise maps as a diagnostic action for the development of action plans. The competent authorities are faced with the problem of determining which specific measures can be undertaken from a technical and economical standpoint. On the other hand, one of the typical aspects of urban sound environments is the appearance of noticed sound events, occurrences that generate the appearance of sudden increases of sound pressure level, in instantaneous time intervals. In terms of the effect generated on the exposed population, this can cause a great annoyance level due to the large amount of sound energy that sharply affects the population. That is, this type of event increases sensitivity to the surrounding sound environment, heightening perception of the environmental noise, as the sound event becomes the focus of attention. For these reason, this paper studies and analyzes the establishment of a program based on the detection and reduction/elimination of noticed sound events as a tool for inclusion in the action plans against urban noise. In light of the results obtained in this work the night-time periods and residential areas are strongly affected by noticed sound events, which is really significant since those are the urban scenarios where these events have the most potential to impact upon public health through noise annoyance and sleep disturbance. Moreover, the identification and elimination of these sound events can achieve important reductions in the environmental noise of the evaluated location, L_Aeq.     

重庆市主城区室内噪声环境状况的调研

作者对重庆市主城区的室内噪声环境状况进行入户问卷调查,调查对象主要是重庆市居民,调查的建筑包括两类:居住建筑和商用建筑,建筑朝向分为临街和背街两种。这次调研是受重庆市科委的委托,旨在了解近年来重庆市主城区室内噪声环境的现状,为重庆市制定环境噪声方面的标准提供资料和参考。通过调查发现:在接受调查的人员中,大部分人对室内声环境是不满意的,都把噪声归为影响他们生活学习的重要因素。调查结果还表明:噪声带来的影响在短时间内还不能彻底解决,建筑的类型和朝向对室内噪声污染的类型和程度有直接影响。因此,除了噪声控制的基本途径和技术外,我们还可以借助合理的城市环境规划和建筑设计来减少室内噪声污染。     

绿色建筑的声环境要求

声环境要求是绿色建筑评价的重要指标。新版绿建规范在室外环境噪声、室内噪声级、建筑构件隔声、防止噪声干扰、专项声学设计等方面进行严格规定,对新版绿建规范中涉及声环境条文逐条解析,通过实例介绍建筑构件隔声计算,以及室内噪声计算。     

Soundscape Design of Old Urban Residential Districts

This paper introduced the concept of soundscape, investigated sound environment of old urban residential districts, and explored soundscape elements and soundscape designs. In view of current sound environment features of old urban residential districts and different population groups' preferences for different sound elements, this paper proposed soundscape design methods to improve sound environment of old urban residential districts.     

城市住宅声环境污染与控制探讨

针对日益严重的噪声污染,阐述了声环境污染的危害,分析了噪声污染产生的原因,在此基础上提出了治理措施和建议并作了具体介绍,以期为城市居民提供一个安静幽雅的居住环境。     

Quiet environment: Acoustics of vertical green wall systems of the Islamic urban form

The development of sustainability has made the application of green concepts to cityscapes and urban design mandatory and has popularized the installation of vegetation on external street walls. Introducing greenery on external building elements is beneficial to the environment, reducing the heat impact experienced in “urban heat islands” and enhancing an area's visual effect. The popularity of such green systems has necessitated the assessment of their acoustic characteristics and their impact on long-distance noise propagation. These effects become important in hot climates, where the topology of the dense urban texture gives building walls larger areas than exposed streets, thereby amplifying the effects of the former's acoustic characteristics on noise levels. Considering the resultant sound level at a particular location between buildings as the contribution of several remote sources, a simplified computer model based on energy exchange is developed in this study. Owing to the complexity of the urban landscape, buildings are assumed to be an array of rectangular blocks. The computer model is used to investigate the effects of the installation of street vertical vegetation on long-distance noise propagation, as well as those of the geometric parameters of the dense Islamic urban texture on the resultant noise levels.     

住宅区声环境质量与设计建议

住宅区声环境是居住环境质量评价的重要指标,列出了国内外住宅区声环境标准,阐述了住宅区噪声预测与计算方法,提出了改善住宅区声环境的设计建议.     

中国城市化进程中的规划节能问题

中国城市化面临着环境和资源的巨大挑战。城市节能问题是多个领域交错的综合问题,仅靠建筑节能或单个领域的节能是无法根本解决的,而是需要在城市规划层面上权衡、统筹和协调。本文指出了中国城市发展中的特点,提出了规划节能的主要技术措施,包括产业结构的确定和节能目标的设定,紧凑型、集约型和混合型的空间形态,节能型城市基础设施(能源总线系统),城市气候设计以及以节能为基础的规划理念。     

铁路沿线住宅小区声环境影响评估及防治对策

该文通过安徽省淮南市铁路沿线两个地块噪声环境的现场实测,分析铁路噪声的特性、空间分布、传播途径及规律及铁路噪声的影响,为保证住宅小区的声环境质量,对拟建住宅小区的声环境进行评估、预测模拟,提出该沿线两个地块住宅小区建设中应采取的防治对策及措施。