离子液体法新型再生纤维素纤维的研究

采用离子液体1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐([EMIM]Ac)为溶剂,制备了纤维素/[EMIM]Ac溶液,研究了该体系的流变性能,利用干喷湿纺的方式制备的新型再生纤维素纤维,并对纤维的结构与性能进行了分析。结果表明,纤维素/[EMIM]Ac溶液为典型的切力变稀流体,在较高剪切速率下,纺丝溶液的黏度变化较小;由该体系制备的新型再生纤维素纤维具有纤维素Ⅱ晶型的结构;随着拉伸比的提高,纤维的取向程度及结晶度增大,纤维力学性能提高。以离子液体为溶剂制备的再生纤维素纤维表面光滑,质地紧密。     

离子液体法再生纤维素纤维制造技术及发展趋势

首先概述了再生纤维素纤维制造技术的发展历史,总结了以天然纤维素为原料的黏胶纤维、Lyocell纤维和离子液体纤维（Ioncell）及其技术发展现状。重点介绍了这三种再生纤维素纤维的性能、应用领域及市场前景,并比较了其生产工艺,包括纺丝原液的制备、纺丝工艺、溶剂回收等。与黏胶纤维相比,Lyocell 纤维和Ioncell纤维在溶解纤维素及干喷湿纺纺丝方面具有独特的优势。进一步对该类技术的重点和难点,如纺丝原液的连续制备和溶剂的高效回收进行了分析。与Lyocell纤维使用的NMMO溶剂相比,Ioncell纤维使用的离子液体具有离子液体可设计等优点,可根据纤维素原料的不同来源,设计合成对纤维素具有更好的溶解能力而无降解特征且环境友好的离子液体溶剂,同时对温度、金属离子具有很好的稳定性,为发展新一代纤维素绿色制造技术提供了新途径。另外,对Ioncell纤维存在的问题也进行了详细的分析,提出了未来拟开展的重点研究方向和拟解决的关键难题。     

离子液体法纤维素纤维的制备及性能研究进展

对纤维素在离子液体中的溶解、溶解机理、纺丝原液的性质、纺丝工艺及纤维性能等进行了综述,认为离子液体作为一种新型纤维素溶剂,具有溶解速度快、溶解度大、对纤维素降解程度小、溶剂回收简单、回收率高等特点,且再生的纤维素具有良好的光泽和力学性能。     

纺丝工艺对离子液体法新型纤维素纤维性能的影响

以离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐（[BMIM]C1）为溶剂,用干湿法纺丝制备了再生纤维素纤维,通过正交试验设计和系统试验,考察了气隙长度、喷头拉伸比、凝固浴浓度和凝固浴温度等工艺参数对制得的再生纤维素纤维的力学性能的影响,找出离子液体法新型纤维素纤维的最佳纺丝工艺。试验结果表明,对于该体系,纺丝工艺参数中凝固浴温度和拉伸比对纤维的拉伸强度、初始模量的影响最大,气隙长度对纤维断裂伸长影响最大。     

玉米秸秆纤维素在离子液体中的溶解再生研究

以玉米秸秆纤维素为原料,在离子液体1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐(AMIMNCI)和1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐(EMIMAc)中成功地制备了性能优异的再生纤维素膜材料.对再生纤维素膜进行了FTIR、SEM、WAXD和力学性能、热力学性能等表征.结果表明,AMIMCI和EMIMAc都是玉米秸秆纤维素的非衍生化优良溶剂;在溶解过程中发生了从纤维素Ⅰ到纤维素Ⅱ的晶型转变;再生秸秆纤维素膜结构均匀致密,力学性能高,在AMIMCI和EMIMAc中再生的玉米秸秆纤维素膜的力学强度分别达119 MPa和47 MPa;再生玉米秸秆纤维素膜的热力学稳定性高,初始热分解温度高于250℃.本文实际上提供了在离子液体中,从农业废弃物中生产再生纤维素材料的清洁工艺.     

离子液体法再生纤维素纤维制造技术及发展趋势

首先概述了再生纤维素纤维制造技术的发展历史,总结了以天然纤维素为原料的黏胶纤维、Lyocell纤维和离子液体纤维(Ioncell)及其技术发展现状。重点介绍了这三种再生纤维素纤维的性能、应用领域及市场前景,并比较了其生产工艺,包括纺丝原液的制备、纺丝工艺、溶剂回收等。与黏胶纤维相比,Lyocell纤维和Ioncell纤维在溶解纤维素及干喷湿纺纺丝方面具有独特的优势。进一步对该类技术的重点和难点,如纺丝原液的连续制备和溶剂的高效回收进行了分析。与Lyocell纤维使用的NMMO溶剂相比,Ioncell纤维使用的离子液体具有离子液体可设计等优点,可根据纤维素原料的不同来源,设计合成对纤维素具有更好的溶解能力而无降解特征且环境友好的离子液体溶剂,同时对温度、金属离子具有很好的稳定性,为发展新一代纤维素绿色制造技术提供了新途径。另外,对Ioncell纤维存在的问题也进行了详细的分析,提出了未来拟开展的重点研究方向和拟解决的关键难题。     

单壁碳纳米管/再生纤维素复合纤维的制备及性能

将经过酸化处理和十二烷基苯磺酸钠处理后的单壁碳纳米管(SWNTs)与离子液体和再生纤维素共混制得纺丝溶液,通过干湿法纺丝制得SWNTs/再生纤维素复合纤维.考察了SWNTs处理前后的结构及在离子液体中的分散性;研究了复合纤维的力学性能和热性能.结果表明:经酸化和功能化处理后的SWNTs的直径有所减小,SWNTs在离子液...     

再生纤维素／碳纳米管复合纤维问世

中科院化学所以离子液体为介质，制备出了再生纤维素／碳纳米管复合纤维。与再生纤维素纤维相比，该纤维具有力学性能优异、高温模量保持率高以及热烧蚀残炭率高等特点。     

戊二醛交联改性再生纤维素纤维的研究

以氯化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体为溶剂对木质纤维素进行溶解并纺丝,得到再生纤维素纤维,再使用戊二醛对再生纤维素纤维进行交联改性,研究其交联改性条件对再生纤维素纤维力学性能的影响。结果表明:经戊二醛交联后,再生纤维素纤维的断裂强度有明显的提高;在戊二醛质量分数为4%,反应温度为50℃,反应时间为30 min的交联条件下,所得再生纤维素纤维的断裂强度为3.2 cN/dtex。     

纤维素在离子液体溶剂中溶解性能的研究进展

离子液体以其熔点低、蒸气压小、酸性可调及良好的溶解性能、黏度、密度等优异的理化特性成为纤维素的新型溶剂。离子液体与传统的纤维素溶剂相比,具有低挥发性、可回收利用、热性质稳定的优点,避免了有机溶剂所造成的污染。介绍了纤维素在离子液体溶剂体系中的溶解、再生和衍生的研究进展。     

Structure and properties of novel regenerated cellulose films prepared from cornhusk cellulose in room temperature ionic liquids

Cornhusk cellulose was regenerated using the ionic liquids viz., 1‐allyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl) and 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium acetate (EmimAc). The cast cellulose films were characterized by FTIR, WAXD and SEM techniques. Their mechanical properties were also studied. These studies indicated that AmimCl and EmimAc are good solvents for the regeneration of cornhusk cellulose. The regenerated cornhusk cellulose (RCC) was found to be cellulose (II) with dense structure. The films cast from AmimCl exhibited good mechanical properties; the tensile modulus and strength were as high as 6 GPa and 120 MPa respectively, whereas these values for those films cast using EmimAc were found to be 4.1 GPa and 47 MPa respectively. Further, it was observed that after regeneration, the solvents could be effectively recycled. Thus a novel nonpolluting process of forming RCC films from agricultural waste was developed. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Ionic Liquid Approach Toward Manufacture and Full Recycling of All‐Cellulose Composites

All‐cellulose composites (ACCs) are prepared from high‐strength rayon fibers and cellulose pulp. The procedure comprises the use of a pulp cellulose solution in the ionic liquid (IL) 1‐ethyl‐3‐methyl imidazolium acetate ([EMIM][OAc]) as a precursor for the matrix component. High‐strength rayon fibers/fabrics are embedded in this solution of cellulose in the IL followed by removal of the IL. Different concentrations of cellulose in the IL are investigated and the mechanical properties of the final ACCs are determined via tensile, bending, and impact testing. ACCs prepared in this study show mechanical properties comparable to thermoplastic glass fiber‐reinforced plastics. Apart from being bio‐based, they possess several advantages such as biodegradability and full recyclability. The recycling of ACCs is successfully demonstrated in several cycles by using the recycled cellulose for subsequent matrix preparation.     

Recent Progress in Regenerated Cellulose Fibers by Wet Spinning

Cellulose is the most abundant and “green” biomass resource on earth and gains tremendous attention. It is expected to become an alternative for traditional chemical and petroleum resources. This review describes the traditional solvents used for industrial processes, the non-derivative organic solvents, and the aqueous solution systems, along with their dissolution mechanisms and development of fiber-spinning processes. The problems associated with the industrial production of viscose fibers and cuprammonium fibers are also discussed. This paper focuses on the research status of regenerated cellulose fibers (RCFs) prepared with green and no-pollution aqueous solutions and provides some effective strategies and methods for improving the mechanical strength of RCFs and promoting the implementation of industrial production. Lastly, the current developments of RCFs are summarized and prospected and it would serve as a guide for the developmental trend and research direction of RCFs in the future.     

Wet spinning of cellulose from ionic liquid solutions–viscometry and mechanical performance

A series of regenerated cellulose fibers was produced from dopes prepared by mixing and dissolving cellulose of two different degrees of polymerization in different ratios in the ionic liquid 1‐ethyl‐3‐methyl‐imidazolium acetate. Viscoelastic properties of the spin dopes were characterized by controlled stress rheometry. The cellulose solutions were solidified in pure water by the traditional wet spinning technique. The resulting fibers were characterized by means of wet and dry tensile testing and scanning electron microscopy. The characterization revealed a compact and homogeneous fiber. A nonlinear relationship between degree of polymerization and fiber properties was observed with a moderate difference in mechanical properties in a broad interval of fibers while fibers composed of polymers with the highest degree of polymerization stood out as stronger and stiffer. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Progress of dissolution of cellulose with imidazolium ionic liquid

Cellulose is the most abundant renewable bio-material. Due to its hydrogen-bonded supramolecular structure,cellulose is insoluble in water and most common organic liquids,which limits its application. The emergence of ionic liquids provides a broad platform to the application of cellulose. The recent developments concerning imidazolium ionic liquids as cellulose solvents as well as the dissolution mechanism are reviewed. Ionic liquids,containing Cl^－,CH₃CHOO^－ and (MeO)RPO₂^－ anions,appear to be the most effective solvents. A series of alkyl imidazolium ionic liquids containing alkyl phosphate was prepared by a one-pot procedure. Such ionic liquids have good thermal stability and are capable of solubilizing cellulose under mild conditions. The structure of imidazolium cation has an influence on the solubility as well. Future development of imidazolium ionic liquids is discussed.     

Fabrication of Regenerated Cellulose Fibers with Good Strength and Biocompatibility from Green Spinning Process of Ionic Liquid

In this study, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethyl phosphate, having the advantages of regulating the performance of cellulose dissolution and degradation, simplicity in synthesis, is chosen as solvent to dissolve wood pulp cellulose for regenerated cellulose fibers (RCFs) manufacture using dry-jet wet spinning equipment. The effect of draw ratios on RCFs’ mechanical properties in three bathes, including coagulation bath, stretch bath, and washing bath is investigated and a series of RCFs with high strength are obtained. The morphology, crystallinity, thermal stability, and dyeing behavior of the prepared RCFs are analyzed and discussed. More importantly, the biocompatibility of the RCFs, which is first performed, demonstrated that the toxicity of RCFs is as low as the viscose fibers. These RCFs could be easily dyed by natural turmeric and antibacterial fibers are obtained finally. In conclusion, this work provides tools for achievement of RCFs with good strength and environmental friendliness by changing the draw ratios, and also further develops a new green process for fabricating RCFs based on ionic liquids.     

离子液体介质中纤维素资源转化研究进展

木质纤维素是地球上最丰富的可再生有机碳资源,将其高效转化为化学品或燃料,对缓解全球能源危机和解决环境污染问题具有重要意义。离子液体因对木质纤维素具有独特的溶解性能,近年来作为新型溶剂在生物质转化中获得广泛应用。综述了离子液体用于木质纤维素预处理及化学转化的最新研究进展,包括纤维素溶解、木质纤维素组分分离、纤维素水解制葡萄糖、六碳糖及纤维素催化转化制5-羟甲基糠醛以及碳水化合物的其他转化途径等,同时对基于离子液体平台的生物质转化技术存在的挑战、未来发展趋势及工业化前景进行了展望。     

离子液体在植物纤维化学研究中的应用

综述了咪唑型离子液体在植物纤维原料溶解和改性方面的应用,并展望了其应用前景。离子液体与传统的植物纤维溶剂相比,具有更强的溶解能力和更好的稳定性,可以用作植物纤维原料液化和改性的高效溶剂,实现纤维素的再生和功能化。此外,离子液体还可用作植物纤维改性的添加剂。