Nb含量对Fe0.5MnNi1.5CrNb x 高熵合金微观结构和力学性能的影响

采用真空感应熔炼法制备了Fe_0.5MnNi_1.5CrNb_x（x=0,0.05,0.1,摩尔比）高熵合金,并分析了不同Nb含量对其组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,不含Nb元素的合金具有单相fcc结构,其抗拉强度和断裂延伸率（即延展性）分别为519 MPa和47%。添加少量的Nb(x=0.05)后出现(200)织构和少量Fe₂Nb Laves相,合金的延展性增加到55%,并且抗拉强度增加到570 MPa。当Nb含量增加到x=0.1时,织构减少,而Fe₂Nb Laves相增多,抗拉强度和延展性分别为650 MPa和45%。     

不同铸造工艺条件下B含量对Fe0.25Co0.25Ni0.25Cr0.125Mn0.125高熵合金组织及性能的影响

以(Fe_0.25Co_0.25Ni_0.25Cr_0.125Mn_0.125)_100-xB_x (x=8-16, at.%)合金为研究对象,采用真空电弧熔炼、真空水冷铜模吸铸和真空熔融甩带的方法制备出该系列合金的铸锭、细棒和带材。研究不同B含量对Fe_0.25Co_0.25Ni_0.25Cr_0.125Mn_0.125高熵合金在不同铸造工艺条件下的相组成、显微组织演变和力学性能变化。结果表明通过控制B含量和冷却速率,能够实现该体系高熵合金从fcc结构向非晶结构转变,制备出伪高熵合金。并且在相同的铸造工艺下,B含量的增加能细化晶粒,从而使得合金的强度和硬度随B含量增加而增大。     

富镍镨掺杂镍钛形状记忆合金的微结构、相变特性与硬度

采用真空熔炼法向NiTi二元合金中掺杂Pr稀土元素,制备了多组分原子分数的Ni₅₀Ti_50-xPr_x（x=0,0.1,0.3,0.5,0.7,0.9）合金。研究了Pr元素的添加对NiTi合金金相组织、相变温度和硬度的影响。结果表明,Ni₅₀Ti_50-xPr_x合金由NiTi基体与NiPr夹杂相组成,其中Ni₅₀Ti_49.5Pr_0.5合金的马氏体相变温度达73 ℃,合金的热滞窄至37 ℃,维氏硬度约为2850 MPa。Pr元素的添加显著降低了NiTi合金的马氏体相变温度,同时,与其他NiTi基合金相比,NiTiPr合金保持了较窄的热滞和较高的硬度。     

Nb含量对Fe_(0.5)MnNi_(1.5)CrNb_x高熵合金微观结构和力学性能的影响（英文）

采用真空感应熔炼法制备了Fe_(0.5)MnNi_(1.5)CrNb_x(x=0,0.05,0.1,摩尔比)高熵合金,并分析了不同Nb含量对其组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,不含Nb元素的合金具有单相fcc结构,其抗拉强度和断裂延伸率(即延展性)分别为519 MPa和47%。添加少量的Nb(x=0.05)后出现(200)织构和少量Fe_2Nb Laves相,合金的延展性增加到55%,并且抗拉强度增加到570 MPa。当Nb含量增加到x=0.1时,织构减少,而Fe_2Nb Laves相增多,抗拉强度和延展性分别为650 MPa和45%。     

碳含量对激光熔覆CoCrFeMnNiCx高熵合金涂层摩擦磨损和耐蚀性能的影响

采用激光熔覆技术在 45 钢基体上制备了不同碳含量(等摩尔比)的 CoCrFeMnNiC_x( x = 0,0. 03,0. 06,0. 09, 0. 12,0. 15)高熵合金涂层。 通过 X 射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜( SEM)、HVS-1000A 型显微硬度计、RST5000 型电化学工作站、UMT-2 型摩擦磨损试验机等表征和测试手段研究了不同碳含量对激光熔覆 CoCrFeMnNiC_x 高熵合金涂层物相结构、显微硬度、摩擦磨损及耐腐蚀性能的影响。 结果表明,当碳含量 x 由 0 逐渐增加至 0. 09 时,高熵合金相结构由 FCC 固溶体转变为 FCC 固溶体和 M23C6 相共存,合金微观组织变得细小;熔覆层硬度由 183. 20 HV_{0. 2} 增加至 223. 48 HV_{0. 2} ; 涂层的摩擦因数降低,耐磨性能变强;腐蚀电位由-469 mV 增大至-348 mV,腐蚀电流密度由 14. 95 μA·cm^-2 减小为 2. 29 μA·cm^-2 ,耐腐蚀性增强。 当碳含量 x 由 0. 09 逐渐增加至 0. 15 时,合金相结构再次转变为 FCC 固溶体,且合金微观组织恢复粗大状态;熔覆层硬度与耐腐蚀性降低,但耐磨性能却先减弱后增强。 合金在碳含量为 0. 09 时,硬度最高且耐腐蚀性能最强;在碳含量为 0. 15 时,耐磨性最强。     

粉末冶金制备AlNiCrFexMo0.2CoCu高熵合金及组织和压缩性能的研究

采用粉末冶金法制备了AlNiCrFexMo0.2CoCu(x=0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0)高熵合金,研究了Fe元素对该合金组织和性能的影响.对上述4种合金进行XRD分析,发现当x=0.5、1.0和1.5时,有BCC、FCC和σ相三相组成;当x=2.0时,合金只有BCC和FCC两相;该合金硬度随Fe含量的增加而降低.压缩试验表明,合金断裂强度均超过1100MPa,且具有较好的塑性.     

Ti对FeCrMnNi合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

采用非自耗真空电弧炉制备FeCrMnNiTix(x=0, 0.5, 1.0)高熵合金,利用扫描电镜(SEM)和力学万能试验机研究了微观组织和力学性能的关系。结果表明, FeCrMnNiTix(x=0, 0.5, 1.0)高熵合金主要以树枝状晶组织存在;在枝晶区域内部,随着Ti元素的增加,合金中的δ相和Laves相均有所增加,使得合金具有较大的脆性,在冲击下容易发生断裂;FeCrMnNiTi0.5合金的硬度为91.5 HRB,明显高于FeCrMnNi合金的硬度(30.3 HRB)。不含Ti的FeCrMnNi合金的抗拉强度为528.2 MPa,屈服强度为120.8 MPa;随着Ti含量的增加,合金拉伸性能变差。     

FeCoCrNiZr x 高熵合金的磁性和电化学性能

采用真空电弧熔炼法制备了不同Zr含量的FeCoCrNiZr_x（x=0.5,0.75,1）高熵合金。研究了Zr含量对合金组织、磁性能和电化学腐蚀性能的影响。采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、振动样品磁力计和电化学工作站对合金的磁性能和电化学腐蚀能力进行了研究。结果表明：FeCoCrNiZr_x合金具有典型的共晶组织,由面心立方固溶体和C15 Laves相组成。随着Zr含量的增加,合金硬度呈先增大后减小的趋势。根据合成的静态滞回曲线可以看出,FeCoCrNiZr_0.5合金具有顺磁性和铁磁性的混合型特征,FeCoCrNiZr_0.75合金表现为顺磁性,FeCoCrNiZr₁合金表现为典型的铁磁性。同时,FeCoCrNiZr_x合金在3.5%（质量分数）NaCl溶液中经历活化与钝化转变。当合金中的Zr含量为0.75%（原子分数）时,合金极化电阻具有最大的阻抗电容半径,钝化膜的耐腐蚀能力最强。     

冷喷涂辅助原位合成FeCoxCrAlCu高熵合金涂层组织性能研究

利用冷喷涂辅助原位合成高熵合金涂层的方法,在45_^#钢基体表面成功制备出不同Co含量的FeCo_xCrAlCu(x=0,0.5,1,1.5,2)高熵合金涂层。通过XRD、SEM、EDS、TEM、显微硬度计、磨料磨损试验机、电化学工作站等设备,检测分析了Co含量的变化对合金涂层相结构、显微组织,硬度、耐磨性及耐腐蚀性的影响。结果表明：合金涂层是由简单的FCC+BCC双相混合结构组成,Co含量的改变对涂层相组织的数量影响不大;随着Co含量的增加,合金涂层中显微组织的枝晶数目增加,并且得到明显粗化,通过面扫得显微组织中枝晶内富集Fe,Cr,Co元素,枝晶间富集Cu元素,Al均匀的分布在整个涂层中;随着Co含量的增加,硬度先增加后减小,在Co=1时合金涂层硬度达到最大为555.6HV;合金涂层中最小的摩擦系数为0.361;在3.5wt.%NaCl腐蚀介质中,合金涂层相比与45_^#钢基体具有较正的自腐蚀电位(E_corr=-0.325V),说明涂层耐腐蚀性比基体好。     

元素添加对Fe基中熵合金力学及腐蚀性能的影响

本文采用磁悬浮熔炼-负压铜模吸铸法,制备出Fe_63.3Mn₁₄Si_9.1Cr_9.8C_3.8及(Fe_63.3Mn₁₄Si_9.1Cr_9.8C_3.8)₉₉X₁(x=Ag,Cu,Ce)中熵合金棒状试样,研究了添加1%的Ag、Cu、Ce元素对合金的组织结构,力学性能和耐蚀耐蚀性能的影响。由热力学计算,添加1%的Ag、Cu、Ce元素后合金熵值在1R～1.5R之间,属于中熵合金的范畴,混合焓为负,原子尺寸差、电负性差及价电子浓度值都较小,形成单一FCC结构。研究结果表明由于Ce对熔体净化作用及晶粒细化作用使其综合力学性能最佳,断裂强度为2815 MPa,屈服强度为854 MPa,塑性应变为22.89%,硬度最大可达658.4 HV。稀土Ce在表面富集,合金体系的能量较低,晶粒较细,腐蚀后形成致密且均匀的钝化膜。而合金中富Cu相和富Cr相形成微小原电池,富Cu相会优先发生腐蚀,恶化合金的耐蚀性能。     

FeCoNiCrCu0.5Alx高熵合金的结构和性能（英文）

研究Al含量和热处理对FeCoNiCrCu0.5Alx多主元高熵合金的相结构、硬度和电化学性能的影响规律。随着Al含量的增加,铸态合金的相结构由FCC相向BCC相转变。当x从0.5增加到1.5时,FeCoNiCrCu0.5Alx高熵合金的稳定结构由FCC结构向FCC+BCC双相结构转变。BCC相的硬度高于FCC相的,在氯离子及酸性介质中BCC相的耐腐蚀性均优于FCC相的。FeCoNiCrCu0.5Al1.0铸态合金具有高硬度和良好的抗腐蚀性能。     

Design Fe-based Eutectic Medium-Entropy Alloys Fe_2NiCrNb_x

High-entropy alloys have attracted broad research interests due to their unique and intriguing mechanical properties. As a category of high-entropy alloys, eutectic high-entropy alloys combine the advantages of eutectic and high-entropy alloys, with excellent mechanical properties and casting properties. Some eutectic high-entropy alloys have been developed and shown exciting properties. In this paper, based on the physical metallurgy of eutectic high-entropy alloy, medium-entropy alloy Fe_2NiCrNb_x was designed. The as-cast alloy is composed of FCC and Laves phases, Nb element promotes the formation of primary Laves phase, and the hardness of the alloy increases with the increase in Nb element. Among the four alloys, the eutectic chemical composition at eutectic point is Fe_2NiCrNb_(0.34); the alloy has a good strength and plastic balance. The ultimate comprehensive strength is 2267 MPa, and the fracture strain is 30.8%. The experiment data and analyses identified the eutectic points and the excellent mechanical behavior. Moreover, the expensive Co element was replaced by Fe element. This cheap medium-entropy alloy has promising prospect in the consideration of the cost performance ratio.     

Strengthening CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy by Laves and boride phases

To strengthen the face-centered-cubic (FCC) type CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) by in-situ reinforced phase, (CoCrFeNi)_100−x(NbB₂)_x (x=0, 2, 4, 6, 8, at.%) alloys were prepared. Phase constitution, microstructure, tensile mechanical properties of the alloys were studied, and the mechanisms were discussed. Results show that the microstructure of all the reinforced alloys consists of the matrix FCC phase, Laves phase, and (Cr₃Fe)B_x phase. The eutectic structure and (Cr₃Fe)B_x phases are formed in the interdendritic region, and the eutectic structure is composed of Laves and FCC phases. When x increases from 0 to 8, i.e., with increase of Nb and B elements, the volume fraction of Laves and (Cr₃Fe)B_x phases increases gradually from 0 to 5.84% and 8.3%, respectively. Tensile testing results show that the ultimate strength of the alloys increases gradually from 409 MPa to 658 MPa, while the fracture strain decreases from 75% to 1.6%. Fracture analysis shows that the crack originates from the (Cr₃Fe)B_x phase. The CoCrFeNi alloys are mainly strengthened by the second phase (Laves phase and boride phase).

     

Effects of Nb additions on the microstructure and mechanical property of CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloys

A series of five-component CoCrFeNiNb_x high entropy alloys (HEAs) were synthesized to investigate alloying effects of the large atom Nb on the structure and tensile properties. Microstructures of these alloys were examined using scanning electron microscopy and the phase evolution was characterized and compared using the ΔH_mix–δ and ΔX criteria. It was found that the microstructure changes from the initial single face-centered cubic (FCC) to duplex FCC plus hexagonal close-packed (HCP) structure with additions of Nb. The current alloy system exhibits a hypoeutectic structure and the volume fraction of the Nb-enriched Laves phase with the HCP structure increases with increasing the Nb content, which is mainly responsible for the increment in the yield and fracture strength. Particularly, the Nb_0.155 alloy containing a 9.3% Nb-enriched Laves phase exhibits the most promising mechanical properties with the yield strength and plastic strain as high as 321 MPa and 21.3%, respectively. The ΔH_mix–δ criteria well describe the phase selection for the thermally treated alloys, while the physical parameter ΔX fails to predict the appearance of the Nb-enriched Laves phase in this alloy system.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Refractory CoCrMoNbTi High-Entropy Alloy

In this work, a new refractory high-entropy alloy, the Co-Cr-Mo-Nb-Ti system, was proposed as a family of candidate materials for high-temperature structural applications. CoCrMoNbTi _x (x values in terms of molar ratios, x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5 and 1.0) alloys were prepared by vacuum arc melting. The effects of variations in the Ti content on the phase constituents, microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloys were investigated using x-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and compressive testing. The results showed that the CoCrMoNbTi_0.4 alloy possessed a typical cast dendritic microstructure consisting of a single body-centered cubic (BCC) solid solution. Laves phases (Cr₂Nb and Co₂Ti) were formed in other alloys with different Ti contents. The results were discussed in terms of the mixing enthalpy, atomic size difference, electronegativity difference and valance electron concentrations among the elements within alloys. The alloy hardness exhibited a slightly decreasing trend as the Ti content increased, resulting from the coarser microstructure and reduced amount of Laves phases. Augmented Ti content increased the compressive strength, but decreased the ductility. Particularly, for the CoCrMoNbTi_0.2 alloy, the hardness, compressive strength and fracture strain were as high as 916.46 HV_0.5, 1906 MPa and 5.07%, respectively. The solid solution strengthening of the BCC matrix and the formation of hard Laves phases were two main factors contributing to alloy strengthening.     

CrFeCoNiB0.05Tix高熵合金的显微组织和力学性能

采用机械合金化和放电等离子烧结工艺制备了CrFeCoNiB_0.05Ti_x(x=0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0)高熵合金材料,通过X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜观察和能谱分析以及维氏硬度测试和压缩强度测试等,研究了Ti含量对高熵合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,CrFeCoNiB_0.05Ti_x(x=0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0)高熵合金由FCC、BCC和α相组成。当x=1.0时,合金由BCC结构转向HCP结构并析出新相Laves相,其具有最高硬度416.54 HV0.2。当x=0.8时,合金达到最大抗压强度586.3 MPa。     

激光熔覆CoCrNiMnTix高熵合金涂层组织及耐磨性能研究

目的 针对高铁制动盘等高速强力磨损的关键件,设计激光熔覆CoCrNiMnTix高熵合金涂层,提高表面的硬度和耐磨性。方法 采用激光熔覆技术在Q235钢表面制备CoCrNiMnTix高熵合金涂层,利用XRD和SEM对涂层微观组织进行表征,通过显微硬度计和纳米压痕仪测试涂层硬度,运用摩擦磨损试验机和三维形貌仪研究涂层的摩擦磨损性能。结果 在激光熔覆CoCrNiMnTix涂层中,随着Ti含量的增加,涂层物相由单一的FCC相转变为FCC+Laves相。由于固溶强化以及Laves相含量增多,涂层的显微硬度不断提高,CoCrMnNiTi硬度达到523HV0.1,最高纳米硬度达到6.91 GPa。CoCrNiMnTix系涂层的弹性模量大小相近。随着Ti含量的增加,涂层的耐磨性呈现升高趋势,当Ti的摩尔分数增加至0.75时,涂层具有最好的耐磨性,但进一步增加Ti含量时,由于脆硬性的Laves相逐渐增多,磨损形式由低Ti含量时的粘着磨损逐渐转变为高Ti含量时的磨粒磨损,使涂层耐磨性能下降。结论 激光熔覆CoCrMnNiTix涂层可以显著提高基体的耐磨性,Ti的摩尔分数为0.75时,在FCC基体中形成了少量Laves相,既提高硬度,又实现强韧配合,涂层表现出最佳的耐磨损性能。     

(NiTi)_(50-0．5x)Nb_x形状记忆合金的阻尼性能及力学性能

通过加入Nb制备了具有双相组织的(NiTi)50-0.5xNbx(x=5,10,15,20)形状记忆合金,合金兼具高阻尼性能和高屈服强度.随着Nb含量x的增大,合金中(NiTi+β-Nb)共晶组织比例含量增加,合金轧制样品在马氏体状态自协作屈服强度随之升高,在x=15时达到最高(289 MPa);同时,合金轧制样品保持高阻尼性能,本征阻尼性能tan δ＞0.01,并随x增大而升高.根据形状记忆合金阻尼理论以及NiTiNb形状记忆合金的阻尼性能随温度的变化规律,探讨了β-Nb和NiTi相界面阻尼对合金阻尼性能的影响.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of multi-principal component AlCoCrFeNiCu<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript> alloy

By introducing Cu, AlCoCrFeNiCu _x (x values in molar ratio, x = 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5) alloys were designed and prepared. The effects of Cu on microstructure and properties of AlCoCrFeNi alloy were investigated. The introduction of Cu results in the formation of Cu-rich FCC solid solution phase when Cu content is low. There are two FCC solid solution phases, i.e., Cu-rich FCC solid solution phase and phase transformation-induced FCC solid solution phase, when the Cu content is more than 1.0. Both the yield stress and plastic strain of alloy show a turning point when the Cu content is 0.5. Among the seven alloys, Cu_0.5 alloy exhibits the largest yield stress of 1187 MPa and the lowest plastic strain of 16.01 %.