计量标准量值比对的设计与实施

为考察计量标准运行情况.保证量值的准确可靠,验证计量技术机构的最佳测量能力,客观、公正、科学地反映计量技术机构的综合技术水平,计量行政管理部门越来越多地运用量值比对来对有效期内的计量标准进行监督管理.量值比对工作一般包括比对设计、比对试验与比对结果报告三个阶段.     

军工科研中的计量保障工作新思路

主要阐述了军工计量发展的趋势,并根据多年计量工作的实践和思考,针对某型飞机研制阶段计量保证的具体实践,探讨计量保障工作发展的思路和措施。     

提高装备伴随计量保障的能力

正0引言装备计量工作是武器装备综合保障工程的重要组成部分,它是以科学先进的计量测试技术为手段,通过建立完善的量值传递体系,对武器装备及检测设备进行计量检定和校准,确保武器装备完好率和很好战备状态[1]。装备计量贯穿于武器装备设计、论证、研制、试验、定型、生产、使用、维护、维修全过程,是为了保障武器装备的各类参数量值准确一致和计量单位统一而开展的全部实践活动。也就是说,装备计量是保障武器装备的战技性能和作     

航空型号计量保证监督检查工作探讨及建议

正随着我国航空装备研制的高速发展,新型装备研制过程采用大量的新技术、新工艺,与之同步配套的检测、试验设备量值准确、数据可靠,均需要建立从被测参量技术指标到测量检测设备再到计量校准设备的全参数不间断的量值溯源链,以保证标准量值准确传递、测量数据精准溯源。监督检查作为计量保证工作实施过程中的一种有效管理手段,将在一定程度上规范、促进并引导计量保证工作的科学规范开展。     

市场经济条件下医院更应强化计量管理

计量工作是医院各项工作的基础，加强计量管理，搞好计量检测，保证计量单位统一和量值的准确可靠是医院进行诊断治疗和科学研究的保证，是医院提高经济效益和社会效益的保障。     

一种四柱式高精度电阻应变式力传感器

通过开展弹性体设计及仿真,规范制作工艺,采用多种补偿方法相结合以及传感器研制全流程计量保障等工作,研制出可以应用于国内量值传感领域的参考标准传感器或传递标准传感器,技术指标达到国际先进水平。     

重视量值比对 严格机构整改 提升新疆计量技术机构能力建设水平

量值比对工作对于准确了解计量技术机构实验室仪器设备运行状况,综合评价实验室技术能力,考查计量检定人员的技术水平,保证社会公用计量标准和企事业单位建立的计量标准量值传递准确、可靠、一致,提高计量技术机构的技术保障能力发挥着重要作用。新疆质监局为了更好地服务自治区的经济建设,高度重视计量标准量传体系建设,从2004年开始已连续8年开展了量值比对工作。通过详细制定量值比对方案,发挥主导实验室的作用,客观分析量值比对中的问题,严格比对后的整改等工作,使量值比对真正成为提升新疆计量技术机构能力建设水平的重要手段。     

由计量检定的正外部性看政府合理补贴中国量传体制的经济分析

量值传递与量值传递的可溯源是计量工作保证量值准确一致的主要作务之一。计量工作中的量传是通过计量检定或校准，将国家计量基准所复现的单位量值通过各等级计量标准传递到工作计量器具的活动(如图1所示)，以保证被测对象的量值准确和一致。     

中国量传体制的经济分析

一、国家量传体系的概念 量值传递与量值传递的可溯源是计量工作保证量值准确一致的主要作务之一.计量工作中的量传是通过计量检定或校准,将国家计量基准所复现的单位量值通过各等级计量标准传递到工作计量器具的活动(如图1所示),以保证被测对象的量值准确和一致.     

军事计量对武器装备的重要作用

军事计量是现代计量学与军事装备学相结合的保障军事装备单位制统一量值准确可靠的专门科学。随着军事计量实践的发展和军事计量理论的逐步深入，军事计量工作的重要性日益突出，从而再次引发了计量对武器装备的作用是保证还是保障的讨论。     

IEC 61511 and the capital project process--a protective management system approach

This year, the process industry has reached an important milestone in process safety-the acceptance of an internationally recognized standard for safety instrumented systems (SIS). This standard, IEC 61511, documents good engineering practice for the assessment, design, operation, maintenance, and management of SISs. The foundation of the standard is established by several requirements in Part 1, Clauses 5-7, which cover the development of a management system aimed at ensuring that functional safety is achieved. The management system includes a quality assurance process for the entire SIS lifecycle, requiring the development of procedures, identification of resources and acquisition of tools. For maximum benefit, the deliverables and quality control checks required by the standard should be integrated into the capital project process, addressing safety, environmental, plant productivity, and asset protection. Industry has become inundated with a multitude of programs focusing on safety, quality, and cost performance. This paper introduces a protective management system, which builds upon the work process identified in IEC 61511. Typical capital project phases are integrated with the management system to yield one comprehensive program to efficiently manage process risk. Finally, the paper highlights areas where internal practices or guidelines should be developed to improve program performance and cost effectiveness.     

Questions related to the development of metrological assurance in the design of Gazprom facilities

The state and management of the process of metrological assurance on the stage of design of the creation of Gazprom facilities are considered. Modern means and methods of measurement of parameters in the course of transport and distribution of gas as well as procedures involved in verification and calibration of parameters in accordance with the principle of assurance of the uniformity of measurements are presented.     

航电产品BIT研制流程设计与应用

如何合理地规划航电产品机内测试（built in test,BIT）的研制流程,是BIT设计尚需解决的重要问题．首先,分析了当前与BIT相关的研制流程,指出现有BIT设计流程存在的不足;其次,通过对BIT设计相关工作项目的梳理,确定了航电产品研制的方案阶段和初样/试样阶段的BIT设计工作项目;再次,结合航电产品研制工作流程,建立了融入产品整个研制周期的BIT设计工作流程．通过构建针对航电产品BIT研制的工作流程,提高了航电产品BIT设计工作的可操作性,BIT针对性强,节约了时间成本,降低了开发费用,并为航电产品BIT研制工作的流程化设计提供了参考范例．最后,以某综合控制管理系统的研制为案例,对该BIT研制流程进行了应用,验证了工作流程的有效性．     

ADR design for the Soft X-ray Spectrometer instrument on the Astro-H mission

In its instrument suite, the Japanese Astro-H mission will include the Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS), whose 36-pixel detector array of ultra-sensitive X-ray microcalorimeters will be cooled to 50 mK. This will be accomplished using a two-stage adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR). A complicating factor for its design is that the ADR will be integrated into a superfluid helium dewar at 1.3 K that will be coupled to a 1.8 K Joule-Thomson (JT) stage through a heat switch. When liquid helium is present, the coupling will be weak, and the JT stage will act primarily as a shield to reduce parasitic heat loads. When the liquid is depleted, the heat switch will couple more strongly so that the ADR can continue to operate using the JT stage as its heat sink. A two-stage ADR is the most mass efficient option and it has the operational flexibility to work well with a stored cryogen and a cryocooler. The ADR’s design and operating modes are discussed, with emphasis on how they reflect the capabilities and limitations of the hybrid cryogenic system.     

From research to cost-effective directional solidification and single-crystal production – an integrated approach

Abstract

This approach has required work in the three broad areas of process development, material development, and quality assurance. The first has led to the development of an automated casting facility, and the adoption of the technically more difficult seeding technique, as a result of its greater process and design flexibility. The second has been met by the development of a series of three alloys to meet specific turbine applications and the economies necessary to make the complex shapes to the required precision. The third has been met by the development of SCORPIO, a real-time rapid-orientation measurement system for the production environment, and the understanding and development of the process controls necessary to control wall section measurements and heat treatment. By the involvement of multidisciplined teams, this approach has led to a demonstrated technology with little or no cost penalty.

MST/244     

基于AHP-FAST的产品概念创新设计模式研究

目的针对AHP和FAST两种方法在产品概念设计阶段存在的单一理论缺陷,有效融合二者各自的优势,研究基于AHP与FAST理论集成的产品创新设计模式。方法从用户提出的离散需求信息中总结需求,并使用AHP确定各需求指标重要度,发掘用户的核心需求。在此基础上通过FAST理论的嵌入集成,采用符合逻辑的方式将用户需求合理地融入产品功能设计,经过功能定义、分解、转换、整理,完成产品设计过程中关键设计区域的准确识别定位与过渡,并以老年人智能盥洗设施设计为例详解整个集成创新设计模式的总体框架及流程。结论基于AHP和FAST理论的集成创新设计模式能够量化用户需求,强化用户需求与产品功能的联系,为产品创新提供内在驱动力,也能够为其他产品的创新设计提供新思路。     

嵌入式星载软件单元测试方法探讨

软件测试是软件质量保障的基础,而单元测试是软件测试的重要阶段,单元测试用例的设计是软件测试的重要环节。文章重点结合xx型号嵌入式星载软件的一个模块,详细介绍并论述单元测试的方法。     

Metrological Assurance as a Base for Building a Quality System

We consider the role of metrological assurance of quality systems in the initial stage of development, based on the ISO 9000 standards. Most of the quality system elements must be developed with account for the requirements of the standardizing documents for metrological assurance of production. The body of actual standardizing documents of the state measurement traceability system given is expedient for use when developing company quality systems.     

Modern reliability assurance of integrated circuits—A strategy based on technology capability assessment and production reproducibility control

Technological innovations provide integrated circuits of increased functionality and complexity, and modern design tools facilitate a new multiplicity of products, such as application-specific products (ASICs). Traditional qualification procedures cannot keep pace with this evolution with respect to requirements of product reliability, ability of qualifying the multiplicity of future products, and market demands for saving cost and time. A further development of a reliability assurance concept, which will be discussed here, considers design tools, basic product elements, materials, manufacturing process and controls as a ‘system’, which has to be qualified with respect to the consistency and efficiency of all of the implemented reliability assurance measures. The concept is based on the manufacturer's ‘system’ knowledge and responsibility. It is compatible with the relevant requirements of ISO 9000 and recent military standard proposals. The procedure is applied to commercial products. The main part of this concept is the qualification of the manufacturing technology. The procedure is organized as a continuous process starting at the concept phase of a new technology and its pilot product. The various steps then follow the development, the pre-series and series production phases. The reliability aspects concentrate on the physical properties of product elements relevant to their stability and endurance, i.e. the potential failure mechanisms and their root causes as reliability risks. Thus a major part of reliability testing for the qualification of the pilot product of a new technology can be performed without the use of the final product version. The benefits derivable from this approach are savings in time and cost as well as the capability to handle future product multiplicity.     

浅析加强民用飞机工业计量监管法规建设的必要性与基本思路

结合当前我国民用飞机工业发展现状和相关部门计量工作特点,分析了加强民用飞机工业计量监管法规建设的必要性,初步提出了民用飞机工业计量监管法规的制定原则、基本思路和主要内容,为行业主管部门完善民用飞机产品计量测试保证体系和加强产品研制过程的计量监督管理提供了参考。