配电系统重构研究

配电系统重构通过改变主干线路上开关的状态来改变网络结构，从而提高配电系统的可靠性水平。该方法不增加投资，是提高配电系统可靠性最为经济有效的一种方法。通过分析配电系统的可靠性指标，建立了配电系统重构的优化模型。为提高计算速度和解决组合爆炸问题，将模拟退火算法应用于模型的求解过程中，并对模拟退火算法的优缺点进行了详细的分析和论证。     

以提高系统可靠性为目标的配电网络重构

配电网络重构是根据配电系统为环形设计、开环运行的特点,通过优化开环位置来提高配电系统的性能.本文提出一种通过网络优化重构来提高配电系统可靠性的概念,建立了以可靠性指标最优为目标函数的数学模型.根据配电网络的特点,首次将Tabu搜索方法应用于网络重构的寻优.基于所开发的数学模型及优化算法,对IEEE-RTBS例系统进行计算.结果表明,Tabu搜索方法非常适合于求解配网重构问题,配网重构也能有效提高系统可靠性.     

网络重构中基于配电网拓扑特征的改进遗传算法

网络重构是配电系统运行和控制的重要手段,利用遗传算法求解配电网络重构问题可以较好地利用其智能计算的特点,但也存在计算速度慢与收敛于非可行解等问题.结合配电网络拓扑结构特征和遗传算法特点具体探讨了如何实现遗传算法的网络重构,对遗传操作中的选择、交叉和变异提出了基于配电网络拓扑的改进方法,提高了算法的收敛速度和收敛性,算例验证了所提方法的可行性和正确性.     

配电系统网络重构方法研究

网络重构是配电系统安全经济运行的一个重要环节，目前网络重构方法多种多样，在实际应用中如何选取适合不同的配电网络重构方法是研究的目的。对配电系统中网络重构技术的概念、作用、建模作了概述，对各种方法进行了比较分析，并在对网络重构的基本方法及其特点分析基础上，针对不同的网络规模和网络重构的目的，对网络重构方法的实际应用作了探讨。提出了在实际应用过程中，将现有的两种或是多种算法加以结合，形成新的复合方法的观点。随着计算机技术及网络通信技术的发展，复合算法将会得到不断的改进，并被有效地应用到配电网络规划及实时系统中去。     

一种新的大规模配电网络重构的图论算法——图的谱划分算法

建立了配电网络重构的图的多划分模型，提出了基于图的谱划分的算法，用于求解大规模配电网络的馈线间重构问题。针对规模巨大的实际配电系统，应用图的多级划分思想，提出了图的压缩算法以提高计算效率。算法避免了目前各种配电网络重构算法迭代过程中大量的潮流计算负担，且不依赖于系统的初始拓扑。其寻优能力不逊于常见的重构算法，且能高效地求取全局或近全局最优解，具有实用前景。     

基于网络状态评估的配电网络多目标优化重构方法

提出了一种基于网络状态评估的优化重构思想,建立了网络重构的数学优化模型。并利用典型3馈线16节点系统进行了算例分析。算例表明,该方法可以减少一部分不必要的重构分析;并且,当网络需要进行重构计算时,在计算中该方法取得了良好的优化效果。该优化方法能够在经济性、安全性等方面对配电网络进行改善。操作人员能够根据配电网络实际情况进行目标权重值的设置,使重构方案更加灵活、更加具有现实意义。     

一种新的大规模配电网络重构的图论算法——图的谱划分算法

建立了配电网网络重构的图的多划分模型，提出了基于图的谱划分的算法，用于求解大规模配电网络的馈线间重构问题，针对规模巨大的实际配电系统，应用图的多级划分思想，提出了图的压缩算法以提高计算效率。算法避免了目前各种配电网络重构算法迭代过程中大量的潮流计算负担，且不依赖于系统的初始拓扑。其寻优能力不逊于常见的重构算法，且能高效地求取全局或近全局最优解，具有实用前景。     

配电自动化主站网络重构功能测试设计

在电力系统仿真软件DIgSILENT网络重构功能基础上,提出了针对配电自动化主站网络重构功能进行测试的方法,并构建了软件测试平台。软件测试平台基于同源性的原则构建网络模型和运行参数,针对网络重构功能的多种运行场景、多种目标函数可能的不同计算结果进行多层次的测试验证,以验证网络重构功能。最后针对一个配电网测试模型利用软件测试平台,阐述了针对第三方配电自动化主站网络重构高级应用功能的测试场景,对提出的测试方法进行验证分析,结果表明利用本测试方法能够针对配电自动化主站网络重构算法进行有效的测试,为配电自动化主站系统高级应用功能测试提供了有效的手段。     

负荷变化不确定性的配电网络重构区间评价方法

提出了一种新的比较网损区间大小的方法，可对负荷不确定性的网络重构的结构优化可能性程度进行度量。在采用区间算法求系统网损变化区间的基础上，提出了配电网络重构的区间评价方法和利用区间值的大小来衡量网编号方案优劣的思想，改变的传统上将配电网络重构的网损目标函数利用点值的大小来比较的方法，从而方便地计入了配电系统负荷变化的不确定性。对33母线和69母线测试系统的实例分析表明了该方法的现实意义。     

一种多目标配电网络重构新算法

配电网络重构是配电管理系统的重要内容，从本质上讲，它是一个非线性组合优化问题，采用传统方法处理十分复杂，难以得到理想结果。文中提出一种新的配电网重构算法，充分利用并综合负荷均衡法和支路交换法的优点，改进了负荷均衡过程；采用新的配电网络分块潮流计算方法，依据支路交换配电网损估算公式导出新的启发式规则，较好地解决了多目标配电网重构问题。理论分析和算例表明，该方法高效可行，适合配电网自动化的实际应用要求。     

Electric distribution network reconfiguration based on a fuzzy multi-criteria decision making algorithm

Topological reconfiguration is an important tool for the planning and operation of electric power distribution systems. The amount of time that an algorithm spends to obtain an alternative topological status for the system is not a primary concern, as the main goals of distribution operation planning are the reduction of power losses, the enhancement of the voltage profile, and the increase of reliability levels. The utility can use multiple criteria regarding the observation of regulation policies and public awareness to drive the topological reconfiguration. Several researchers are looking for new optimization methods, as the complexity of this combinatorial issue is high in large systems and the classic optimization methods are failing to address the problem reasonably. Therefore, a new fuzzy multi-criteria decision making algorithm for the proper processing of the information sources available at the utilities in the context of distribution network reconfiguration is proposed. The algorithm is evaluated through the use of a proof-of-concept implementation in a set of case studies based on actual distribution systems.     

A new 0–1 integer programming method of feeder reconfiguration for loss minimization in distribution systems

One of the features provided by distribution automation which can result in substantial savings for the utility is feeder reconfiguration for loss minimization. Since the composition of loads for various feeders is different, and their loading patterns vary with time, there is a need for feeder reconfiguration to be carried out whenever there is a change in the loads. In this paper a new 0–1 integer programming method of feeder reconfiguration for loss minimization in distribution systems is proposed. The proposed method is illustrated with an example.     

基于混合整数线性规划的含ZIP负荷有源配电网重构方法

随着分布式电源并网和负荷类型的日益复杂,传统配电网重构模型尚未考虑复杂的综合负荷模型。提出了考虑ZIP综合负荷模型的有源配电网混合整数线性规划方法。在辐射状配电网二阶锥潮流模型的基础上,通过线性回归法将ZIP负荷模型等效为ZP负荷模型,建立基于混合整数二阶锥规划的有源配电网重构模型。通过多面体近似将二阶锥约束进行线性化,建立基于混合整数线性规划的有源配电网重构模型。在三个不同规模配电系统的仿真结果表明,基于混合整数线性规划的有源配电网重构模型精度与基于混合整数二阶锥规划的几乎相同,但优化效率提高了15%~30%,具有较高的优化精度和效率。     

提高供电可靠性的配电网重构

本文从提高配电系统可靠性出发，研究满足运行约束条件下的配电网重构问题，并首次利用遗传算法进行供电可靠性最优的网络重构。算例结果表明，用该文提出的重构方法，不仅可提高配电系统供电可靠性，而且也降低了网损。     

Joint Optimization for Power Loss Reduction in Distribution Systems

In distribution systems, network reconfiguration and capacitor control, generally, are used to reduce real power losses and to improve voltage profiles. Since both capacitor control and network reconfiguration belong to the complicated combinatorial optimization problems, it is hard to combine them efficiently for better optimization results. In this paper, a joint optimization algorithm of combining network reconfiguration and capacitor control is proposed for loss reduction in distribution systems. To achieve high performance and high efficiency of the proposed algorithm, an improved adaptive genetic algorithm (IAGA) is developed to optimize capacitor switching, and a simplified branch exchange algorithm is developed to find the optimal network structure for each genetic instance at each iteration of capacitor optimization algorithm. The solution algorithm has been implemented into a software package and tested on a 119-bus distribution system with very promising results.     

考虑综合需求响应的配电网重构运行优化研究

重构运行优化决策灵活性是智能配电网的重要特征之一,随着配网侧多能源形式相互耦合的不断增强,以能量枢纽为代表的综合能源转换装置受到广泛关注.如何在配电网重构优化运行中考虑能量枢纽运行特性,为配电网与用户用能带来更多的灵活性与经济性等相关研究亟待开展.提出了一种考虑综合能源需求响应的配电网重构优化决策模型,将传统的电力用户侧需求响应扩展到多种能源网络用户的综合能源需求响应,将综合能源需求响应与配电网重构优化运行进行协同决策,实现配电网与整体用户整体最优的目标.算例验证了模型算法的有效性.     

Feeder reconfiguration and capacitor setting for loss reduction of distribution systems

The stress to elevate overall efficiency has forced utilities to look for greater efficiency in electric power distribution. This study presents an effective approach to feeder reconfiguration and capacitor settings for power-loss reduction and voltage profile enhancement in distribution systems. The optimization technique of simulated annealing (SA) can be relied on to solve the problem efficiently. The merit of the method is that it can provide a global or near-global optimum for feeder reconfiguration and capacitor settings. The objective of this study is to recognize beneficial load transfer, to take the objective function composed of power losses be minimized and voltage limits be satisfied. The proposed approach is demonstrated by employing an IEEE illustrative example. Computational results show that by taking into account feeder reconfiguration and capacitor settings simultaneously, one can minimize losses more efficiently than by considering them separately.     

Multi-Objective Approach for Reconfiguration of Distribution Systems with Distributed Generations

This paper presents a fuzzy multi-objective based heuristic algorithm for network reconfiguration of distribution systems considering distributed generations (DGs). The objectives of reduction of real power loss, branch current carrying capacity limit, maximum and minimum voltage constraints, and feeder load balancing are considered for performance enhancement of the distribution system. Since these objectives are non-commensurable and difficult to solve simultaneously using conventional approaches, they are converted into fuzzy domain and a fuzzy multi-objective function is formulated. A sensitivity analysis based on voltage profile improvement and real power loss reduction is used for obtaining optimal locations of DGs and genetic algorithm is used for optimal sizing of DGs. The proposed reconfiguration algorithm is implemented in two stages, initially in the first stage without incorporating DGs and in the second stage incorporating DGs for obtaining an optimal distribution system network reconfiguration. The advantage of the proposed method is demonstrated through a seventy node four feeders and a sixteen node three feeders distribution systems.     

基于功率矩和邻域搜索的有源配电网两层重构算法

针对传统的含有分布式电源的配电网重构算法所存在的寻优速度和最终解的质量难以兼顾的问题,提出一种基于功率矩和邻域搜索的配电网两层重构算法。利用功率矩算法对各环路进行第一层重构优化,确定开断支路集,在此基础上采用具有方向的邻域搜索算法进行第二层重构。通过对当前解点的邻域搜索获取更优的解点位置,直至目标函数值不再下降,从而得到最终的重构方案。含有分布式电源的IEEE 33和IEEE 69节点典型测试系统的仿真结果验证了所提算法的有效性。     

Reconfiguration of distribution network for loss reduction and reliability improvement based on an enhanced genetic algorithm

Electrical distribution network reconfiguration is a complex combinatorial optimization process aimed at finding a radial operating structure that minimizes the system power loss or/and maximizes the system reliability while satisfying operating constraints. In this paper, a distribution network reconfiguration method is presented for both the indices of power loss reduction and reliability improvement. The enhanced genetic optimization algorithm is used to handle the reconfiguration problem so as to determine the switch operation schemes. Based on the information of a single loop caused by closing a normally open switch, we improve the algorithm on crossover and mutation operations of original Genetic Algorithms. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated on 33-bus, 69-bus, and 136-bus radial distribution systems.