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《化工技术与开发》2021,50(9)
气井积液和腐蚀是油气田生产急需解决的问题之一。本文以LHSB、CAO-40和水溶性咪唑啉等为主剂,三乙醇胺、互溶剂等为助剂,通过复配,获得了一种兼具缓蚀和起泡功能的新型一体化缓蚀型起泡剂配方。通过优化筛选,获得的最佳配方为:12.25%水溶性咪唑啉+45.5%CAO-40+12.25%LHSB+8%乙二醇单丁醚+5%水+5%三乙醇胺+5%EDTANa2+7%十六烷基三甲基氯化铵。性能研究结果表明,获得的最佳配方体系具有良好的起泡和缓蚀性能,携液率在65%以上,缓蚀率在85%以上,且具有良好的抗凝析油性能。缓蚀起泡机理研究结果表明,缓蚀型起泡剂具有较好的表面活性,表面张力可降低至32.7m N·m-1,形成的气泡液膜较厚,有利于泡沫稳定。缓蚀机理研究表明,该缓蚀型起泡剂在金属表面上的吸附符合Langmuir吸附机理,是一种以抑制阳极为主的混合型吸附缓蚀剂。 相似文献
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针对酸洗中酸雾污染的问题,采用缓蚀抑雾剂治理酸雾。研制了一种以起泡剂、稳泡剂、渗透剂和缓蚀剂为主要成分的缓蚀抑雾剂。确定了缓蚀抑雾剂的成分,分析了各成分的作用,并研究了起泡剂、稳泡剂、渗透剂、缓蚀剂对酸雾抑制效果的影响。 相似文献
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制备了钼酸钠复合缓蚀剂。利用静态失重法测定了其在盐酸介质中碳钢的缓蚀腐蚀速度和缓蚀效率 ,研究了碳钢在盐酸介质中的腐蚀动力学特征。结果表明 ,钼酸钠复合缓蚀剂对碳钢具有良好的缓蚀能力 ,缓蚀率为 95% ,且随温度升高而增大。 相似文献
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采用絮凝实验、静态阻垢实验和缓蚀动态挂片实验分别对聚硅硫酸铝(PSAS)的絮凝、阻垢、缓蚀性能进行研究,结果表明:PSAS投加量为4mg.L-1时,水样去浊率达94%,在相同的实验条件下,絮凝性能优于常用的聚合氯化铝(PAC);在Ca2+浓度为250mg.L-1的循环模拟水中,PSAS投加量30mg.L-1,最佳阻垢率为65.2%,较六偏磷酸钠具有更好的阻垢性能,进一步的电镜图片表明PSAS的阻垢机理是鳌合成了垢Ca2+离子及使垢层发生晶格畸变;与其生产原料活化硅酸相比,PSAS的最佳缓蚀率也有明显提高,最高缓蚀率54.2%,且PSAS在中低温条件下对A3钢的缓蚀率较好。以上研究表明:聚硅硫酸铝絮凝净水能力强,阻垢、缓蚀效果明显,是一种絮凝-阻垢-缓蚀综合性能优异的新型工业水处理剂。 相似文献
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近年来,随着原油中酸值和硫含量的增高,常减压蒸馏装置减压塔的腐蚀情况越来越严重,高硫、高酸值原油对减压塔的腐蚀成为炼油企业亟待解决的一个重要问题。本文对减压塔高温部位的腐蚀类型和特性进行了分析,并从耐蚀材料的选择方面提出了相应的防腐对策。 相似文献
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针对滨化集团常减压蒸馏装置塔顶腐蚀状况,分析了其化学反应机理,认为其主要为低温部位HCl-H2S—H2O腐蚀。在实验室合成了咪唑啉类缓蚀剂,并优选出一种廉价有机胺中和剂与所选缓蚀剂复配,效果优于现有缓蚀剂。结合生产实践,对现有工艺提出若干有效改进措施。 相似文献
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钛盘的腐蚀是醋酸精馏塔安全稳定生产过程中亟待解决的一个问题,然而,影响钛材腐蚀的因素较多,很多腐蚀规律还不清楚。基于某化工厂钛材醋酸精馏塔的实际腐蚀工况,采用电化学阻抗谱和动电位极化法原位研究了钛材在不同模拟共沸醋酸溶液中的腐蚀行为,用金相显微镜观察了腐蚀前后的形貌变化,对极化曲线和阻抗谱曲线进行了模拟计算得到腐蚀动力学参数,探讨了腐蚀溶液浓度和腐蚀时间对钛板腐蚀行为的影响规律,分析了腐蚀机理,发现醋酸浓度和腐蚀时间对钛板的腐蚀影响较大,高浓度醋酸共沸体系中钛有利于钝化,当醋酸浓度由60%增大至97.5%时,钝化膜阻抗AK486.7Q增大至16000Q,腐蚀速率从5.80×10-10g/(m2-a)降低至5.66×10-11g/(m2.a),但是腐蚀时间延长会破坏钝化膜,97.5%醋酸的共沸溶液中,当腐蚀时间由30min增大至60min时,钝化膜阻抗从16000Q降低至14600Q,腐蚀速率Ak5.66×10-11g/(m2.a)增大至2.97×10-10g/(m2.a)。实验结果为工业醋酸精馏塔中钛的防护提供了重要参考价值。 相似文献
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原油蒸馏塔腐蚀是造成炼油厂常减压装置非计划停工和发生事故的重要原因之一,结合潍坊弘润石化助剂有限公司1.2Mt/a和2.5Mt/a两套蒸馏装置实际运行情况,分析了加工劣质进口原油后常减压塔腐蚀的机理,提出了减小常减压塔腐蚀的措施,延长了开车周期。 相似文献
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Coal liquids distillation tower corrosion: chloride analysis of solvent refined coal process samples
Burtron H. Davis Gerald A. Thomas Alberto A. Sagüés Carlton H. Jewitt Kenneth L. Baumert 《Fuel Processing Technology》1983,8(1):77-93
Severe chloride corrosion incidents have occurred in the distillation area of major direct coal liquefaction plants. Chloride analyses have been carried out for samples collected at various process streams of one of these plants (the Wilsonville, Alabama SRC-1 pilot plant) in order to define the pathway of corrosive species to the distillation area. These analyses show that the major fraction of the chloride in the atmospheric distillation tower is carried there in the higher-boiling process streams. The chloride level at a particular point in the atmospheric distillation tower may be several times that of the tower feed liquid; this concentration contributes to the catastrophic corrosion experienced in these towers. This chloride concentration provides an explanation for the occurrence of the corrosion in the last distillation tower in the process stream, rather than in the tower(s) first contacted by the chloride containing distillate stream. It also accounts for the observed localization of the corrosion within narrow regions of the atmospheric distillation tower. The chloride concentration and the chloride pathway are factors which designers of coal liquefaction distillation processes need to consider in a design that will keep corrosion to a manageable level. 相似文献
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针对常减压蒸馏装置三顶冷凝系统的腐蚀特点,利用先进的腐蚀速率测定仪,在实验室条件下,评价筛选出缓蚀效果较好的HS-01缓蚀剂,在常减压装置应用后,获得了理想的工业应用效果。 相似文献
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中海油惠州炼油分公司1 200万吨/年常减压装置自2009年3月19日开工以来,腐蚀问题一直较为严重。相对于其它腐蚀监测手段而言,定点测厚是应用最为广泛、全面的腐蚀监测方法。本文简要介绍了定点测厚在常减压装置上的应用,并就高酸原油腐蚀点分布特点及高温数据处理进行了初步分析。 相似文献
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Corrosion in the overhead condensing system of atmospheric distillation units is a common occurrence in petroleum refineries worldwide. These corrosion problems are influenced by the presence of three phases: vapours, liquid hydrocarbons and aqueous phase containing hydrochloric acid formed during distillation by decomposition of chloride salts of calcium and magnesium.Present studies highlight the corrosion control of naphtha fractions of Bombay High and Dubai crude oils in laboratory distillation device by chemical treatment using various corrosion inhibitors having different functional groups. These studies were carried out using two phase systems (aqueous-hydrocarbon) in the distillation device having facilities for monitoring the corrosion and temperatures in vapour condensing region and liquid condensate. Corrosion monitoring was carried out by potentiodynamic polarization technique and dissolved iron analysis using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICPAES). Experimental findings indicate that Dubai naphtha fraction is more corrosive in nature when compared to Bombay High naphtha. This observation can also be explained on the basis of characterization of both crude oils and their naphtha fractions. At normally recommended dosage level as in refinery overhead systems, water soluble corrosion inhibitors are more effective than hydrocarbon soluble ones in the vapour condensing region as well as in the liquid condensate of both naphtha fractions. 相似文献