局部热处理对SPCC压印接头静力学性能的影响

为研究局部热处理对SPCC冷轧钢压印接头静力学性能的影响分析,构建局部热处理试验平台,采用氧乙炔火焰加热方式将SPCC冷轧钢压印接头进行局部加热至870℃后迅速冷水淬火处理。对热处理前后试件进行拉伸-剪切试验,并横向截取压印接头机械內锁部分,先后对其进行金相试验和显微硬度测试试验。结果表明:淬火处理后的SPCC冷轧钢压印接头失效载荷约为4454.01 N,比未热处理压印接头提高45.39%;SPCC冷轧钢压印接头淬火处理后形成大量板条状马氏体;热处理后压印接头部位材料硬度为799.2 4HV,比未热处理提高77.78%。     

聚变堆用CLAM钢激光焊接接头显微组织及性能

对聚变堆用CLAM钢进行了激光焊接试验,并对接头进行740℃/1 h焊后回火处理,分别对热处理前、后接头的显微组织及性能进行了研究.结果表明,获得了成形良好、无缺陷的焊接接头;焊态下,焊缝由淬硬的板条马氏体和大量的δ铁素体组织组成.完全淬火区由板条马氏体和极少量的δ铁素体组成,其硬度高达545 HV;焊后热处理使焊缝及完全淬火区的板条马氏体分别转变为碳化物弥散分布的回火马氏体和回火索氏体组织.显著降低了接头的淬硬程度,最大硬度仅比母材高约15%;焊后回火热处理前、后接头的抗拉强度均高于基体母材,虽然焊后热处理使接头强度有所降低,但仍达到原始母材的98%以上.     

局部热处理对压印接头力学性能的影响分析

对两种不同基板压印接头进行局部热处理,研究局部热处理对不同基板压印接头拉伸力学性能的影响。结果表明:局部热处理能够提高接头强度、增大接头拉伸位移及能量吸收值。局部热处理使基板强度增大,接头内锁部分在从基板拉出时阻力变大,导致内锁部分被撕裂的程度加大,也正是这个原因使得压印接头的综合力学性能得到提升。     

焊前热处理对440C不锈钢电子束焊接接头组织与性能的影响

研究了焊前退火和调质2种热处理工艺对440C不锈钢电子束焊接接头的组织和力学性能的影响,分析了2种状态下的组织演变规律、接头拉伸力学性能和硬度分布特点. 结果表明:2种热处理状态的板材经过电子束焊接后,焊缝成形良好,焊缝区域均为马氏体和残留奥氏体组织,呈现出非平衡凝固组织,碳及合金元素以固溶形式存在于马氏体及残余奥氏体中,焊缝区域硬度达到398 HV. 焊前经调质热处理后,母材基体由铁素体转变成回火马氏体和残余奥氏体混合组织,同时部分碳化物固溶在基体组织中,使基体组织硬度提高了60％. 与焊前退火态相比,焊前调质热处理板材经电子束焊接后,可使焊接接头抗拉强度提高20％,焊接热影响区硬度提高35％,但接头的塑性变形能力有所下降,断裂均发生在热影响区.     

超高强度钢35CrMnSi惯性摩擦焊接头组织与性能

对35CrMnSi超高强度钢进行了惯性摩擦焊试验研究,对热处理前后焊接接头组织、显微硬度进行分析测试,并对热处理后焊接接头进行了拉伸性能、冲击性能及拉伸断口分析。结果表明:焊后接头焊缝组织为板条马氏体与残余奥氏体,热力影响区组织为细小的马氏体、索氏体、珠光体和铁素体混合组织;热处理后焊缝组织为回火马氏体与少量铁素体;摩擦焊接头焊缝区的硬度高于热力影响区和母材,热处理后焊接接头硬度趋于一致,焊接接头抗拉强度大于1 890 MPa,断后伸长率大于7. 5%,焊缝区拉伸断口为混合断口;焊接接头冲击吸收能量大于18. 5J。     

TC4钛合金电子束焊接头性能研究

对比分析了TC4电子束焊接头的金相组织、强度、塑性及硬度指标,并检测了焊缝表面及内部质量。结果表明,TC4电子束焊熔深达23～25 mm,焊缝呈钟罩形,接头成形良好,焊缝区产生大量马氏体组织;电子束焊焊缝区和HAZ区硬度高于母材的,消应力热处理后接头硬度提高;电子束焊接头强度高于母材的,塑性低于母材的,消应力热处理后焊接接头强度升高,母材的强度降低,塑性变化不大。     

不同焊接方法和热处理对P92钢焊接接头组织及硬度的影响

采用手工电弧焊和钨极氩弧焊两种方法对P92钢板实施焊接,并对部分焊接接头进行焊后热处理。利用金相显微镜对不同焊接方法下热处理前后的焊接接头进行组织观察及对比,用硬度计对焊接接头的显微硬度进行测试。结果表明:热处理前,两种焊接方法得到的焊缝区及靠近焊缝的热影响区组织均为板条马氏体组织+残余奥氏体;经焊后热处理后,焊接接头组织均为回火托氏体。焊缝区向母材区过渡时,硬度值不断下降,经热处理后,焊接接头不同部位硬度相差较小。对比两种焊接方法,钨极氩弧焊的焊接线能量比手工电弧焊焊接线能量低0.56 kJ/m,热处理前后相同区域,钨极氩弧焊的组织更细小,硬度较高。     

中国低活化钢激光焊接接头微观组织与硬度分析

采用功率为4 kW的Nd:YAG激光器,对6 mm厚CLAM钢板采用不同的焊接参数进行了激光焊接试验,焊后对部分试样进行回火处理.分别对焊后和回火试样的硬度和微观组织结构进行了测试和观察.结果表明,回火处理前焊接接头金相组织主要为粗大的板条马氏体,随着焊接速度的提高,焊缝硬度有所提高;回火处理后焊接接头金相组织为板条特征明显的回火马氏体,使用扫描电镜对回火后焊接接头进行观察发现在原奥氏体晶界和马氏体板条上有碳化物析出,导致焊缝区的硬度相对母材略有提高,焊接热影响区未出现软化现象.     

焊后热处理对P92钢焊接接头组织及力学性能的影响

利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜对热处理前后P92钢焊接接头的组织、断口形貌进行分析;利用洛氏硬度计、电子万能试验机对热处理前后P92钢焊接接头的力学性能进行测定及分析。结果表明,焊态下P92钢焊缝区、热影响区的显微组织均为马氏体和残留奥氏体,且硬度较高,约为42.69 HRC;母材区为回火托氏体;经焊后热处理,3个区域组织均为回火托氏体组织,其硬度值均与母材区相近,约为37.55 HRC;焊后热处理前后P92钢焊接接头断口形貌均为韧窝+撕裂棱,属于韧性断裂,经热处理后P92钢焊接接头屈服强度和断面收缩率明显高于焊态下试样,分别为842.21 MPa、46.20%。     

焊后低温热处理对马氏体不锈钢组织和性能的影响

对ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo马氏体不锈钢进行了焊后低温热处理工艺试验(240、300 ℃),通过显微组织分析、拉伸及弯曲试验、硬度试验及残余应力测试对不同低温热处理下焊接接头的显微组织、力学性能、硬度和残余应力等进行了研究。结果表明,经低温热处理后,接头焊缝热影响区组织为回火马氏体及碳化物,接头焊缝区的组织为低碳马氏体+块状马氏体+碳化物,接头的抗拉强度变化不大,硬度略有下降,经240 ℃低温热处理后,焊接接头焊缝处的残余应力消除了69.1%。     

退火处理对钛合金压印接头疲劳性能影响

文中实现了钛合金板材的压印连接,并将得到的压印接头分成两部分,一部分不予处理,一部分进行整体退火处理. 将得到的两组试件进行静拉伸试验和拉-拉疲劳试验. 结果表明,未处理的钛合金压印接头静拉伸最大载荷均值为4 363.64 N,失效位移均值为1.48 mm. 退火处理后,钛合金压印试件的静拉伸最大载荷均值为3 879.74 N,失效位移均值为1.85 mm;未处理的钛合金压印接头疲劳性能明显优于后者,前者的疲劳极限高于后者约68%;两种接头的疲劳裂纹总是在压印点偏上的部位出现,SEM分析显示该部位应力较为集中且存在多个疲劳源,两种断口的疲劳源呈脆性疲劳断裂特征,退火处理的接头颈部断裂断口为塑性断裂.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of friction welds between TiAl alloy and 40Cr steel rods

Direct friction welding of TiAl alloy to 40Cr steel rods was conducted, and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the resultant joints in as-welded and post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) states were investigated. The martensitic transformation occurred and brittle TiC phase formed near the interface due to C agglomeration, which degraded the joint strength and increased the microhardness at the interface in as-welded state. Feathery and Widmanstatten structure generated near the interface on TiAl alloy side. After PWHT at 580 °C and 630 °C for 2 h, the sorbite formed and C dispersed at the interface, leading to the increase of the joint strength from 86 MPa in as-welded state to 395 MPa and 330 MPa, respectively. The heat-treated specimen fractured with quasi-cleavage features through the zone 1 mm away from the interface on TiAl alloy side, but the as-welded specimen failed through the interface.     

Microstructure evolution of AA5052 joint failure process and mechanical performance after reconditioning with tubular rivet

To extend the service life of the clinched joint, a reconditioning process conducted with an additional tubular rivet was proposed in this work. Different reconditioning forces were employed to produce dissimilar reconditioned joints by experimental method. The experimental results indicated that the neck fracture was the common failure mode of both original clinched and reconditioned joints. Compared with the original clinched joint, the shearing strength of the reconditioned joint produced by a reconditioning force of 40 kN increased from 1810.5 to 1986.47 N, and the energy absorption increased from 2.34 to 3.46 J. The range of effective reconditioning force was from 35 to 40 kN and 40 kN was the best choice for reconditioning the AA5052 failed joints. The mechanical properties of the reconditioned joints are obviously better than those of the original clinched joints, which fully demonstrates that the reconditioning method proposed in this work has a broad prospect of industrial application.     

热处理工艺对M390/304 CMT焊接接头微观组织及力学性能的影响

基于改善M390高碳马氏体不锈钢与304奥氏体不锈钢焊接接头的力学性能特别是提高焊接接头硬度,以达到高端刀具生产的要求,对冷金属过渡焊接M390高碳马氏体不锈钢与304奥氏体不锈钢获得的焊接接头进行不同工艺的热处理研究.采用拉伸、维氏显微硬度测试及扫描电镜(SEM)表征不同热处理工艺的焊接接头力学性能及微观组织演变,统计了不同热处理工艺下焊接接头中M390母材、M390细晶区和M390粗晶区等区域的碳化物分布,研究了不同热处理工艺下焊接接头的断裂机理.研究结果表明,在1 150℃水淬热处理工艺下焊接接头既满足刀具钢硬度的要求,又具有良好的力学性能,可以作为M390/304焊接接头的最佳热处理工艺,对应焊接接头的抗拉强度和断后伸长率为502 MPa和20.8%,抗拉强度和断后伸长率分别是焊态的98%和95%. 1 150℃水淬热处理工艺的M390母材、细晶区和粗晶区中碳化物平均尺寸最小,碳化物形貌以细小的块状均匀分布.淬火温度升高,抗拉强度和断后伸长率均呈现出先下降后升高的趋势,随着冷却速度的减小,抗拉强度和断后伸长率均呈现出下降的趋势.不同热处理工艺下焊接接头的断裂位置在M390粗晶区...     

热处理对TC17(α+β)/TC17(β)线性摩擦焊接头组织及力学性能的影响

针对热处理前后TC17(α+β)/TC17(β)钛合金线性摩擦焊接头组织和性能进行了对比分析. 结果表明,焊态时焊缝区组织发生动态回复和再结晶,两侧的热力影响区组织均被不同程度地拉长,热处理后焊缝中的亚稳相分解析出弥散的α和β相,TC17(α+β)侧热力影响区的初生α相有所长大. 焊态接头焊缝区显微硬度比母材低,接头的抗拉强度和屈服强度略低于母材,分别达到母材的91.9%,96.2%,接头拉伸性能试件断裂位置均在焊缝区;经过热处理,母材显微硬度未发生明显变化,焊缝区显微硬度显著提高,接头抗拉强度和屈服强度达到与母材相当,与焊态相比分别提高11.9%,8.2%,接头拉伸性能试件断于母材区.     

Fatigue Strength Evaluation of the Clinched Lap Joints of a Cold Rolled Mild Steel Sheet

Static tensile and fatigue tests were conducted using tensile-shear specimens to evaluate the fatigue strength of clinched lap joints of a cold rolled mild steel sheet. The maximum tensile force (= holding force) of the specimen produced at the optimal punching force was 70 kN. The fatigue endurance limit (= 760 N) approached 43% of the maximum tensile load (= 1750 N) at a load ratio of 0.1, suggesting that the fatigue limit is approximately half of the value of the maximum tensile force. The FEM analysis showed that at the fatigue endurance limit, the maximum von Mises stress of 373 MPa is very close to the ultimate tensile strength of the cold rolled mild steel sheet (= 382 MPa).     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded 1.5 GPa Martensitic High-Strength Steel Plates

In this study, 2.4 mm thick high-strength martensitic steel plates with a tensile strength of 1500 MPa were friction stir welded at various welding speeds of 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 mm/min and a constant rotation speed of 300 rpm. Sound joints could be obtained when the welding speed was 40, 60 and 80 mm/min, while a kissing bond was found in the joint welded at 100 and 120 mm/min. It was revealed that the peak temperature exceeded A_C3 (the end temperature at which all ferrite transformed to austenite when the steel was heated) for all the welding conditions and martensitic structures were finally formed in the stir zone of the joints. A significant decrease in hardness was located in the heat-affected zone, which had a transitional microstructure from tempered martensite near base metal to a mixed structure containing hard martensite, soft ferrite and bainite near stir zone. For the sound joints, the specimen was fractured in the heat-affected zone during tensile tests and the highest tensile strength could reach about 1058 MPa.     

热处理对SLM316L不锈钢螺旋微丝微观组织和力学性能的影响

通过显微镜观察、拉伸试验和显微硬度试验分析了不同热处理参数对激光熔化(SLM)制成的螺旋微直径丝(SS316L-HMDW)的组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:热处理后,SS316L-HMDW试样的微观组织发生明显变化,激光熔池消失,各向异性减小,力学性能提升;在不同保温时间下,SS316L-HMDW试样的晶粒尺寸随保温时间有不同程度地增加;随着热处理保温时间的增加,SS316L-HMDW试样的屈服极限和抗拉强度降低,伸长率增加,拉伸试样的断裂表面均为延性断裂,凹坑变大。经1200 ℃保温2 h热处理后,SS316L-HMDW试样的组织和力学性能均有显著变化,抗拉强度由585 MPa降低至398 MPa,屈服强度由40 MPa降低至25 MPa,伸长率明显增加至268%,试样的可塑性和韧性得到了增强。     

Mechanism of superiority of fatigue strength for aluminium alloy sheets joined by mechanical clinching and self-pierce riveting

The static and fatigue strengths of mechanically clinched and self-pierce riveted joints in aluminium alloy sheets were compared with those of a resistance spot welded joint. Both static and fatigue strengths of the joint for the self-pierce riveting were the highest. Although the static strength for the mechanical clinching was about half for the resistance spot welding, the fatigue strength was almost similar. The mechanism of superiority of fatigue strength for the mechanical clinching and self-pierce riveting and was examined from finite element simulation of elastic loading of the joints. In the resistance spot welding, the stress concentrates at the edge of the weld nugget due to the complete bonding, whereas the concentration of stress is relaxed by the slight slip at the interface between the sheets for the mechanical clinching and self-pierce riveting. In addition, the yield stresses for the mechanical clinching and self-pierce riveting are increased by the work-hardening undergone during the joining processes, whereas the yield stress for the resistance spot welding is reversely decreased by the annealing in the welding. It was found that the mechanical clinching and self-pierce riveting have superior fatigue strength.