氯离子与咪唑啉复配缓蚀剂的合成与应用

利用油酸和二乙烯三胺为原料合成咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀剂后,在50℃、5%的盐酸介质中用静态失重法对咪唑啉季铵盐与阴离子表面活性剂和无机阴离子的研究,得到了一个与咪唑啉季铵盐有最佳复配效果的复配体,咪唑啉季铵盐与I-复配比为1:1(质量比)时,缓蚀剂的缓蚀效果最佳.在不同时间和不同温度下对复合型缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率进行了研究.结果表明,新型缓蚀剂对A3钢的缓蚀率达到99%以上,与单独用咪唑啉季铵盐相比,其缓蚀效率提高了0.7%左右.     

油松籽油酸洗缓蚀剂的合成与应用

以油松籽油、二乙烯三胺、氯化苄为原料,合成了咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀剂Y-1,用失重法、极化曲线法评价了Y-1及其与硫脲复配后的新型缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能.结果表明:缓蚀剂Y-1在盐酸体系中对A20钢有很好的缓蚀效果,由Y-1和硫脲复配的新型缓蚀剂在柠檬酸体系中对A20钢的缓蚀效率在99.65％以上,并且二者都具有很好的热稳定性;缓...     

高温高压H2S/CO2环境缓蚀剂分子结构与缓蚀性能关系的研究

用静态和动态腐蚀失重法研究喹啉季铵盐、吡啶季铵盐、曼尼希碱和咪唑啉季铵盐四种不同主体类型缓蚀剂在高温高压H₂S/CO₂环境中N80钢的缓蚀性能,并结合扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）表面分析技术研究了不同缓蚀剂主体分子结构与缓蚀性能的关系。结果表明,四类缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率的大小顺序是：喹啉季铵盐>吡啶季铵盐>曼尼希碱>咪唑啉季铵盐。喹啉季铵盐与其他三种缓蚀剂主体分子结构相比具有更好的抗硫性能,其对N80钢具有良好的吸附性能,可形成抗腐蚀性介质渗透能力强的致密均匀和稳定不易分解的有机膜。其缓蚀剂用量为0.15%时,缓蚀率可达97%。     

咪唑啉和季铵盐类缓蚀剂对P110S钢的缓蚀作用和机理研究

采用失重法、极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和扫描电镜(SEM)研究了咪唑啉和季铵盐缓蚀剂在H_2S/CO_2环境中对P110S钢的缓蚀作用和缓蚀机理。结果表明,咪唑啉缓蚀剂和季铵盐缓蚀剂均为阳极型缓蚀剂;在120℃,H_2S分压为0.55 MPa、CO_2分压为0.80 MPa的环境中,两种缓蚀剂均有一定的缓蚀作用,能有效抑制P110S钢的腐蚀;添加浓度为200 mg·L~(-1)时,咪唑啉缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率可达87.23%。     

MZL-1型酸洗缓蚀剂配方及性能研究

研究了在50℃、5％的盐酸介质中咪唑啉季铵盐类缓蚀剂与表面活性剂以及无机阴离子的协同作用，在此基础上得到了MZL-1型酸洗缓蚀剂配方，该配方在静态和动态条件下都有较好的缓蚀效果，通过电化学测试探讨了这种缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理。     

桐油酸咪唑啉季铵盐的缓蚀性能

以桐油为原料合成了桐油酸,使之先后与二乙烯三胺和氯化苄反应,制备了桐油酸咪唑啉苄基氯季铵盐,对其结构进行了红外表征。利用失重法和动电位极化曲线考察了合成的季铵盐在盐酸溶液中对N80钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明,桐油酸咪唑啉季铵盐能有效抑制N80钢在盐酸介质中的腐蚀;随着缓蚀剂浓度的增大,缓蚀效率增加;随着温度升高,腐蚀速率增大,缓蚀效率减小;随着盐酸浓度的增大,N80钢的腐蚀速率增大,缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率变化不明显;该缓蚀剂为阴极抑制为主的混合型缓蚀剂。     

CO2饱和NaCl溶液中松香基咪唑啉季铵盐的缓蚀吸附行为

以松香和二乙烯三胺为原料合成了松香基咪唑啉,并采用氯乙酸钠对合成产物进行季铵化改性,得到水溶性松香基咪唑啉季铵盐.通过失重法和电化学方法测试了该季铵盐在60℃的CO2饱和3%NaCl溶液中对Q235钢的缓蚀性能.结果表明,水溶性松香基咪唑啉季铵盐对Q235钢有很好的缓蚀作用,150 mg/L用量时缓蚀率超过90%.该缓蚀剂是一种以阳极抑制为主的缓蚀剂,遵循Langmuir吸附等温式,在钢表面发生自发吸附,存在较强的吸附作用力.     

混合酸咪唑啉缓蚀剂的合成及缓蚀性能研究

本文采用二乙烯三胺、环烷酸(85%)、油酸为原料,通过咪唑啉季铵化反应,合成一种油田用缓蚀剂。采用红外光谱扫描,通过特征峰的分析,验证合成产物确为咪唑啉季铵盐。通过挂片失重实验,测试了混合酸配比、不同反应温度下所得到药剂的缓蚀性能,确定反应的最佳工艺条件;通过电化学研究了该药剂的增效剂、最佳加药浓度及缓蚀机理。结果表明:在环烷酸:油酸=1:0.6、季铵化反应温度为100~110℃的工艺条件下,所得混合酸缓蚀剂的缓蚀效果最佳;该缓蚀剂与硫脲、丙炔醇等具有增效作用。依据电化学弱极化曲线,该缓蚀剂为抑制阳极过程为主的混合型缓蚀剂。     

咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀剂的合成及缓蚀行为的研究

本文以复合固体酸作催化剂,以油酸、二乙烯三胺、氯化苄为主要原料合成了咪唑啉季铵盐。用静态失重法、动电位极化曲线法、电化学阻抗法研究其在15%盐酸溶液中对A3钢的缓蚀性能。实验结果表明,缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率随着缓蚀剂浓度的增加而增加但随着温度的升高而减小。缓蚀剂浓度为10g/L时,用静态失重法测其在60℃15%盐酸溶液中的缓蚀效率为99.18%,当缓蚀剂与KI复配时,两者产生良好的协同效应:缓蚀剂与KI质量比为5:1的时候,缓蚀效率为99.7%。该缓蚀剂在A3钢表面的吸附遵循Langmuir吸附等温模型。动电位极化曲线测试表明该缓蚀剂是以抑制阴极为主的混合型缓蚀剂。     

一种油田型缓蚀剂的合成与性能测试

以油酸、二乙烯三胺为原料,二甲苯为携水剂合成烷基咪唑啉类缓蚀剂,并与氯化苄进行季铵化反应.在5%HCl介质中,采用静态失重法及电化学法对所合成的咪唑啉缓蚀剂与有机化合物的协同缓蚀作用及对A3钢在模拟油田回注水中的缓蚀性能进行了研究.结果表明,咪唑啉类缓蚀剂与非离子表面活性剂和肉桂醛有明显的协同作用,其最佳质量复配比为10:1:1,为一种以阳极为主的混合型缓蚀剂,该油田型缓蚀剂在静态条件下对A3钢的缓蚀率可达99.3%.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.