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本文利用内循环无梯度反应器在温度,压力分别为205-290℃及0.15~1.2MPa范围内,测定了一氧化碳变换变应在B301型钴钼耐硫变换催化剂上的反应动力学数据,确定了幂函数型动力学方程。并由实验数据计算了反应温度及CO变换率对效率因子的影响。 相似文献
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采用磁力搅拌内循环无梯度反应器,对低汽/气LB型一氧化碳中温变换催化剂的宏观反应特性进行了实验研究?并以Simplex法对实验数据进行非线性参数估值,建立了能良好吻合实验数据的二级反应模式的LB中温变换催化剂加压宏观动力学模型。 相似文献
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一、前言铁铬系中变催化剂用于工业生产已有七十余年,有关一氧化碳变换反应动力学的研究,国内外已作过大量工作和报道,而对于铁铬系中变催化剂重复氧化还原问题,仅限于物理特征变化的研究。至于国产中变催化剂的还原、氧化过程的动力学规律问题,尚未见报道。本文是通过试验研究了解国产B108铁铬系中变催化剂反复氧化还原后一氧化碳变换反应本征动力学规律。 相似文献
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采用“沿程积分拟合法”,在某小合成氨厂变换工段引出的支线上,利用绝热固定床反应器,对B112催化剂上一氧化碳变换反应进行了常压及加压工业过程的动力学研究。通过对不同操作条件下的床层轴向温度分布进行积分拟合,得到了适用于工业条件的过程动力学方程。一氧化碳变换反应CO+H2O=CO2+H2是石油化工和煤化工重要的化学反应。国内外学者以地许多种铁系催化剂上的该反应进行了动力学研究^[1-5],推荐了各自的本征或宏观动力学方程。本文采用“沿程积分拟合法”^[6]对国产B112催化剂上的一氧化碳变换反应进行工业过程动力学研究。按照该法的要求,实验中需采用与工业实际反应器(绝热固定床反应器)型式相同的小型反应器,在工业条件下,测定不同进口条件的反应器轴向温度分布及出口浓度,通过积分拟合获得工业过程动力学方程。 相似文献
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文章对近年来一氧化碳变换工艺技术进行了综述,主要包括:新型催化剂的研发及理论研究现状;催化剂防中毒机理研究及防中毒措施;一氧化碳变换操作工艺及防中毒操作措施;一氧化碳变换计算机辅助模拟技术;新型的变换设备。最后,对一氧化碳变换工艺进行了展望。 相似文献
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在合成氨生产中,一氧化碳变换反应所耗蒸汽占合成氨用汽的50~60%,合理应用中变低温催化剂是降低变换蒸汽消耗的重要途径。近几年,我公司先后在3~#、6~#常压变换炉全装B108、B112催化剂进行生产,未取得满意效果。因此我们改为此两种催化剂分段装填方式, 相似文献
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采用“沿程积分拟合法”,在某小合成氨厂变换工段引出的支线上,利用绝热固定床反应器,对B112催化剂上一氧化碳变换反应进行了常压及加压工业过程的动力学研究。通过对不同操作条件下的床层轴向温度分布进行积分拟合,得到了适用于工业条件的过程动力学方程。一氧化碳变换反应 CO+H_2~O(?)CO_2+H_2 是石油化工和煤化工重要的化学反应。国内外学者对许多种铁系催化剂上的该反应进行了动力学研究,推荐了各自的本征或宏观动力学方程。本文采用“沿程积分拟合法”对国产B112催化剂上的一氧化碳变换反应进行工业过程动力学研究。按照该法的要求,实验中需采用与工业实际反应器(绝热固定床反应器)型式相同的小型反应器,在工业条件下,测定不同进口条件的反应器轴向温度分布及出口浓度,通过积分拟合获得工业过程动力学方程。 相似文献
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A SIMULATION OF A MOTIONLESS MIXER 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Continuous laminar mixing in segmented twisted-tape motionless mixers is considered. A solution to the steady isothermal creeping flow of a Newtonian fluid in a twisted-tape mixer has been obtained via two-dimensional numerical procedures. The developed flow within a section of the mixer has been solved in a helical coordinate system by an iterative scheme. The resulting solution is rigorously correct in the absence of entrance and exit flows at the junction between sections. An algorithm is presented for the modelling of these junction flows via two-dimensional procedures. Simulated cross-sectional mixing patterns have been generated for comparison with experimental results
The performance of twisted-tape mixers is simulated for various designs, beginning with the particular geometry of the Kcnics Static Mixer, and for different operating conditions Results suggest that the rate of mixing as a function of the total twist per section is optimized with respect to pressure drop when sections contain 80 degrees of twist. The capability for rational improvement in other design and operating parameters is illustrated. The mechanisms of laminar mixing are discussed and quantified; of primary importance is the tendency for interfacial area to assume an orientation within each section which is favorable to mixing in subsequent sections. 相似文献
The performance of twisted-tape mixers is simulated for various designs, beginning with the particular geometry of the Kcnics Static Mixer, and for different operating conditions Results suggest that the rate of mixing as a function of the total twist per section is optimized with respect to pressure drop when sections contain 80 degrees of twist. The capability for rational improvement in other design and operating parameters is illustrated. The mechanisms of laminar mixing are discussed and quantified; of primary importance is the tendency for interfacial area to assume an orientation within each section which is favorable to mixing in subsequent sections. 相似文献
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The activated sludge process is widely used to treat domestic and industrial wastewater. A significant drawback of this process is the production of “sludge”, the disposal of which can comprise a significant proportion of the total operating costs of a wastewater treatment plant. We analyze the steady-state operation of a membrane bioreactor system (MBR) incorporating a sludge disintegration unit (SDU) to reduce sludge production. We provide a qualitative understanding of the model by finding analytically the steady-state solutions of the model and determining its stability as a function of the residence time. In practice a target value of the mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) content within the membrane reactor is specified. Applying the mathematical technique of singularity theory we show that if the sludge disintegration factor is sufficiently high then the MLSS content is guaranteed to be below the target value. This model prediction, of key interest from a practical perspective, was not identified in the original investigation of this model, which relied upon numerical integration of the governing equations. 相似文献
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在浮法玻璃生产过程中,氮气流量保持恒定,是保持锡槽工况稳定的重要条件,是生产优质浮法玻璃的重要前提条件之一.只有制氮设备的稳定运行,才能保证氮气供应.本文就制氮空压机运行中出现的故障现象、原因进行了分析,并提出了改进措施. 相似文献
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Mauri Soininen 《Drying Technology》1985,3(2):153-170
Drying of thin paper sheet on a Yankee cylinder equipped with a steam heated high velocity hood is examined. When possible infiltration of air from the surroundings is considered, then the process is fully determined by twelve variables. One of these can be chosen as an independent variable. An equation group of eleven equations is derived. The method of solution is iterative. Finally, a numerical demonstration example is presented. 相似文献