添加稀土氧化物对氧化铝复相陶瓷性能的影响

采用复合烧结助剂降低氧化铝复合陶瓷（zironia-toughened aluminum,ZTA)烧结温度并保持优良力学性能，着重就不同稀土氧化物对材料烧结性，力学性能和显著结构的影响进行了研究，复合添加剂促进了ZTA陶瓷的烧结，但不同添加剂对材料力学性能产生了不同影响，含Y2O3添加剂因生成富钇晶界相而使材料的强度受到损害，而含La2O3和／或CeO2添加剂使材料力学性能获得提高，在1400－1450℃烧结强度超过500MPa，断裂韧性达6．5MPa.m^1/2以上，该ZTA陶瓷断裂路径曲折，裂纹出现架桥，分叉等现象，使断裂能提高。     

纳米Al2O3对3Y-ZrO2陶瓷性能的影响

研究了纳米Al2O3添加剂对3Y—ZrO2陶瓷材料烧结和力学性能的影响。实验结果表明：添加纳米Al2O3（0．5mol％～2mol％）可以促进3Y—ZrO2的烧结，并提高材料的抗弯强度和断裂韧性。在1450℃下烧成的添加0．5mol％纳米Al2O3的3Y—ZrO2具有最高的强度和韧性值，分别为620MPa和13．9MPa·m^1/2，比纯3Y-ZrO2的最高强度和韧性（1500℃烧成试样）分别提高了11％和16％。     

低温烧结3Y-TZP陶瓷的微观结构与力学性能

在 3Y -TZP(tetragonalzirconiapolycrystalsstabilizedwith 3 %Y2 O3inmole)中 ,采用LAS (Li2 O -Al2 O3-SiO2 )玻璃粉料为添加剂 ,在13 0 0～ 15 0 0℃下烧结 ,材料抗弯强度可达 85 0MPa ,断裂韧性可达 8.7MPa·m1 /2 .讨论了添加剂对微观结构及材料力学性能的影响 ,得出了采用LAS作为添加剂 ,不但能显著地降低材料的烧结温度 ,又不会明显削弱材料的力学性能的结论 .     

微波烧结Al2O3-TiC复合材料

用微波烧结制备Al2O3-TiC复合材料，并与常规烧结Al2O3-TiC复合材料对比，分析两种烧结方法对试样力学性能的影响，同时探讨添加剂对Al2O3-TiC复合材料烧结性能的影响。     

Y2O3掺杂CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃的研究

在CaO-Al2O3-SiO2(CAS)系统微晶玻璃中引入稀土氧化物Y2O3,结合XRD、SEM等测试手段,研究了Y2O3的引入对微晶玻璃烧结过程、微观结构以及性能的影响。实验结果表明:随着Y2O3的引入,微晶玻璃烧结温度降低,烧结时间变短。当Y2O3质量分数为3.25%时,CAS微晶玻璃具有最佳的制备工艺和最好的力学性能。     

烧结温度对3Y-TZP陶瓷结构与力学性能的影响

以Y2O3为稳定剂,通过无压烧结制备了3mol%钇稳定氧化锆(3Y-TZP)陶瓷,研究了Y2O3不同加入方式、烧结温度对材料相变、显微结构和力学性能的影响.实验结果表明,Y2O3以化学法加入得到的材料中可相变四方相含量高,随温度升高材料致密化程度不断增加,1500℃烧结所得的材料具有最佳的力学性能.     

添加B2O3对Y掺杂BaZrO3烧结性及电导率的影响

研究了加入不同量氧化硼（B2O3）对 Y 掺杂 BaZrO3（BaY0.1Zr0.9O2.95）质子导体烧结性及电导率的影响。研究表明：加入适量 B2O3（质量分数为0.5%～0.75%）可以使 Y 掺杂 BaZrO3的烧结温度降低到 1500 ℃,保温时间缩短到 4～6h,相对密度可达 95%左右,远大于不加 B2O3试样的。与未掺入 B2O3的 Y 掺杂 BaZrO3试样相比,该体系材料的电导率没有明显降低。过量 B2O3（1.0%）的加入将使其以第二相形式存在于烧结体中,从而降低材料的电导率。     

常压烧结制备多孔氮化硅陶瓷研究

选用Al2O3、Y2O3、Lu2O3三种氧化物作为烧结助剂,采用凝胶注模成型和气氛保护常压烧结工艺,成功制备了具有高强度和高气孔率的多孔氮化硅陶瓷材料.本文研究了三种烧结助剂对多孔氮化硅的力学性能、介电性能和微观结构的影响,以及对氮化硅陶瓷的烧结促进作用,结果表明Y2O3具有最佳的烧结活性促进作用,其微观结构表明β-Si3N4棒状晶粒搭接结构是使多孔氮化硅陶瓷材料具有较好力学性能的重要原因.     

微波烧结Al2O3-TiC复合材料的研究

以纳米级TiC、Al2 O3 为原料 ,用微波烧结制备Al2 O3 -TiC复合材料 ,并与常规烧结比较。分析了两种烧结方法对制备试样的力学性能的影响 ,并探讨了添加剂对Al2 O3 -TiC复合材料烧结性能的影响     

凝胶注模成型碳化硅陶瓷的烧结和性能

研究了用La2O3:Y2O3=4:1作SiC陶瓷的烧结助剂，同时添加Al2O3改变液相的性质，研究发现；该添加剂系统能有效地降低碳化硅陶瓷的烧结温度，Al2O3的引入提高了液相与碳化硅颗粒的反应性，增加了液相对碳化硅颗粒的润湿性，从而对促进碳化硅的烧结十分有利，烧结温度为1850℃，Al2O3:La2O3:Y2O3=4:4.8:1.2(摩尔）时烧结的碳化硅陶瓷具有最佳性能。     

SEDIMENTATION OF BINARY MIXTURES OF PARTICLES OF UNEQUAL DENSITIES AND OF DIFFERENT SIZES

A model is developed for the sedimentation from a suspension of two particle species of unequal densities and of different sizes. The composition and the thickness of various layers in the sediments are predicted using graphical and analytical methods. The model predictions were in excellent agreement with experimental results, when the particle size ratio was ≥ 108. When size ratio of the particles was 2.60 and 4.31 the agreement occurred in about 50 percent of the cases.     

骑式摩托车油箱喷涂工艺的改进

面对日益激烈的市场竞争,摩托车油箱外观质量越来越成为影响销售的因素之一。文章介绍了改进工艺后的油箱涂装,该涂装体系提高了油箱外观的丰满度,降低了油箱涂装的生产成本。     

COMPARISON OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF GYPSUM1

The different analytical methods proposed for the evaluation of gypsum have been subjected to an experimental test. A combination method, consisting of a fusion with KHCO₃ and determination of CaO by KMnO₄ titration, the SO₃ by Andrews method of titration of BaCrO₄ has been found to give very reliable results with the least consumption of time.     

HEASUREHENT OF INSTANTANEOUS RATES OF LOSS OF VOIATILE COMPOUNDS DURING DRYING OF DROPS

A novel technique serves to monitor instantaneous rates of loss of a volatile solute from a suspended drop during drying. A highly sensitive electron capture detector is used to monitor concentrations of SF6 released into a flowing gas stream from a suspended, drying drop. Simultaneously, the appearance and morphological development of the drop are monitored with a video camera. This provides the wherewithal of relating instantaneous rates of loss of the volatile solute to particular events during the development of particle morphology.

Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology.     

用两个形状指数表征粉煤灰颗粒形貌的研究

引用两个形状指数表征颗粒形状的概念,即先将颗粒形状近似为椭圆,再将椭圆图像分离:以圆为基准的颗粒宏观形状指数δ;以光滑椭圆为基准的颗粒轮廓凹凸度,即微观形状指数ζ。分析和发展了近似椭圆模型。并运用图像分析仪对粉煤灰、水泥样品进行实验。结果表明,粉煤灰颗粒的两个形状指数δ和ζ都大于水泥颗粒。证明粉煤灰颗粒的球形度、表面光滑度优于水泥,而且,随着粒径增大,δ和ζ呈下降趋势,表明磨制颗粒越粗。(?)粒形状越不规则。文中还运用近似椭圆模型再现了颗粒的模拟图像。     

典型煤碳燃烧特性研究和数值模拟

本文以三种典型煤的碳燃烧为研究对象，分别采用简单一维沉降燃烧方式和等温加热燃烧方式，实验研究了煤在快速加热条件下，其碳的初期和中，后期燃烧过程。以实验为基础，建立了煤的碳燃烧模型，变工况数值模拟了煤的碳燃烧过程，揭示了煤不同条件下的单颗粒碳燃烧特性。     

氢气纯度分析方法准确性的探讨

ONACCURACYOFANALYSISOFOFHYDROGEN1前言我公司目前应用的氢气纯度分析方法有两种,一种是爆炸反应法,另一种是焦性没食子酸吸收法。几年来,人们对两种分析方法的准确性曾有过褒贬不一的评论。这里我们也谈谈自己粗浅的观点。2爆炸法测定氢气纯度一定量的氢气样品与适量的空气之均匀混合物因反应后生成液体水而引起气体体积减少,减少的体积等于参加反应气体体积之和。其中l／3为氧气,2／3为氢气。根据氢气取样量和反应前后混气体体积之差,以及氢气在反应中的体积比例关系,可计算出样品的氢气纯度。计算公式式中：A一混…     

ANALYSIS OF RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITY OF GLASSES

Viscosity of Simple Soda-Silicate 500° to 1400°C Comparison of the results given by English with those of Washburn, Shelton and Libman, indicates a discrepancy in the absolute values of log₁₀ viscosity amounting to 0.6, those of Washburn et al., being relatively too high. If correction for this is made, the isothermal curves of log₁₀ viscosity as a function of soda content are smooth up to 50% Na₂O, showing no inflection. The observations as a function of temperature T are all represented within accidental error by an equation of the type where all three constants vary regularly with the composition. Change of Viscosity of Glass (6SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to Molecular Substitution of CaO, MgO and Al₂O₃ for Na₂O The effect is clearly brought out by plotting (from the results of English) the change of log₁₀η due to the substitution as a function of temperature. The curves each show a sharp bend at a temperature between 840° and 1050°C, which is designated the aggregation temperature T_a. If we divide these curves by the corresponding percentage substituted, we get curves for each oxide which are straight and parallel below the aggregation temperatures, the slopes (increase of change of log₁₀η per 100°C) being −0.056 (CaO), −0.055 (MgO), −0.018 (A1₂O₃) per per cent oxide substituted. For substitution of 1/2 molecule the slopes are −0.325 (CaO), −0.23 (MgO) and −0.18 (Al₂O₃) per 100°. At the aggregation temperature the change of log₁₀η per per cent is a minimum, 0.03 to 0.06 for CaO, 0.12 for MgO, 0.07 for Al₂O₃. Evidence of Aggregation in Glasses, from viscosity Measurements The sharp bends in the plots of change of log₁₀η due to substitution of an oxide for Na₂O, suggest the beginning of molecular aggregation at these temperatures. These aggregation temperatures are close to the devitrification temperatures, but the effect on the viscosity curves cannot be due to actual devitrification since it does not change with time. Taking the aggregation temperatures as equal to devitrification temperatures, additional isotherms are roughly sketched into the equilibrium triangle of the system Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂. Change of Viscosity of Glass (4SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to of Substitution of B₂O₃ for SiO₂ The change of log₁₀η (from the results of English) is plotted as a function of temperature, and also the change of log₁₀η per per cent B₂O₃. The curves are more complex than for the substitution for Na₂O.     

环氧树脂羟基值测定方法的研究

利用乙酸酐、吡啶和浓硫酸混合的乙酰化试剂测定环氧树脂中羟基值含量的方法具有操作简便、滴定终点明显和分析结果误差小等优点。     

茶多酚提取方法进展

本文综述了国内外现有茶多酚提取方法的现状以及近期的研究进展，并对其优缺点进行了评价。这将有助于中低档茶的综合利用和茶多酚的进一步开发应用。