Optical phase modulation in an injection locked AlGaAs semiconductor laser

Optical phase modulation by injecting coherent CW light into a directly frequency modulated semiconductor laser is reported. Phase modulation was obtained at up to 800 MHz modulation frequency without distortion for a 1.6 GHz full locking bandwidth. A static phase shift of ? took place with a 0.48 mA bias current change in the injection locked laser. Experimental and theoretical results showed that the product of the normalised phase deviation by the frequency deviation and the cutoff modulation frequency is constant.     

Optical phase modulation in an injection locked AlGaAs semiconductor laser

Optical phase modulation obtained by injecting coherent CW light into a directly frequency-modulated semiconductor laser is reported. Phase modulation at up to a 1 GHz modulation frequency has been obtained without compression for a 1.4 GHz half locking bandwidth. Phase deviation can be represented by the ratio of the original FM deviation to the locking half bandwidth. The phase deviation normalized by the frequency deviation is inversely proportional to the cutoff modulation frequency. A static phase shift of π took place with a 0.48 mA drive current change in the injection locked laser. Reduction in FM noise by means of CW light injection and FM noise accumulation in cascaded injection locked laser amplifiers are discussed, together with the optimum design for an injection locked repeater system.     

基于相位调制器的宽带窄线宽的线性调频激光源的产生

提出了一种基于相位调制器(PM)和可调谐光滤波器产生线性调频激光信号的方法。该方法利用带有基频的微波线性调频信号作为相位调制器的驱动信号,窄线宽的激光种子源经相位调制器调制后产生一系列的宽带线性调频激光信号。通过可调谐光滤波器抑制其他边带保留所需阶次的线性调频激光信号。实验结果表明:当光滤波器保留正二阶调频激光信号时,获得了调频带宽为2 GHz、调频速率为6 THz/s的线性调频激光信号。在观测时间为1 ms时,测得的线性调频激光信号的瞬时线宽为3.2 kHz。该方法结构简单,易于实现,并且对调频连续波激光雷达、相干光谱分析等测量应用有重要意义。     

Mode coupling and phase modulation in vibrating waveguides

When coherent light is coupled into a multimode waveguide (such as a fiber), a speckle pattern is formed at the fiber output. When the fiber is vibrated, the speckle pattern is modulated due to mode coupling and phase modulation of the waveguide modes. It is shown that when a highly coherent light source is used, the speckle pattern modulation is due primarily to phase modulation of the modes. When less coherent sources are used (such as low-cost laser diodes), mode coupling is the dominant effect     

光载微波信号抗大气干扰的研究

为了研究射频强度调制激光信号光源的参量,特别是调制深度对调制波的抗干扰能力产生的影响,采用干涉法对射频强度调制激光信号在通过大气湍流干扰后其相位的变化进行了理论分析和实验验证。搭建了Mach-Zehnder干涉仪,参加干涉的两束光分别为未经调制的单频光和调制后的双频光。以干涉条纹对比度作为信号相位起伏的衡量标准,比较不同大气湍流干扰条件下,干涉条纹的对比度随调制深度的变化。大气湍流由空间光调制器模拟产生,分别在26.32%,42.04%,67.59%和85.04% 4种调制深度下,比较有无大气湍流时干涉条纹的对比度的变化。结果表明,调制信号的调制度越深,其抗大气湍流干扰的能力越强。该结论对双频激光雷达光源的选择具有一定的参考意义。     

58kW高峰值功率窄线宽纳秒脉冲光纤激光器

报道了一种峰值功率58 kW的窄线宽纳秒脉冲光纤激光器,由窄线宽种子源加4级光纤放大的主振荡功率放大(MOPA)结构组成。窄线宽种子源输出的连续种子光经电光强度调制器调制为纳秒脉冲信号光,经4级光纤放大,输出峰值功率达58 kW的窄线宽脉冲激光,中心波长106431nm,平均功率569W,重频100kHz,脉宽98ns,斜效率717,光束质量M2=134,偏振消光比156dB。激光功率的进一步提升受限于次脉冲及自相位调制。该高峰值功率窄线宽纳秒脉冲光纤激光器可在激光雷达中得到应用。     

Optical-frequency encoder using polarization-maintaining fibre

A new method for monitoring the frequency modulation of coherent laser light is presented. The measurement system is an optical-frequency encoder which utilizes multireflection in a short polarization-maintaining fiber. The multireflection in each orthogonal polarization mode of the fiber produces beat signals by sweeping the optical frequency. The resultant two beat signals are monitored as an increase or decrease in optical frequency by holding the two signals in phase quadrature. The experimental setup, the principle for obtaining quadrature signals, and the results of monitoring distributed-feedback laser-diode frequency modulation are presented     

Multimode optical-fibre phase modulators and discriminators: I-theory

Low-moded optical fibres are very microphonic when guiding highly coherent light. Acoustic signals applied to the fibre cause phase modulation of the optical carrier. This phase modulation is then converted to a related amplitude modulation by a fibredyne (fibre-optic self-homodyne) detection process at the photodiode. A simple theory is presented which describes the causes and characteristics of three p.m. to a.m. discriminator effects in coherent multimode fibre systems. Possible applications for fibredyne systems include data highways and low-fidelity distributed microphones.     

Coherent combining of two pulsed fibre lasers in phase modulated mutually coupled fibre laser array

A scalable architecture for coherent combining of pulsed fibre lasers is reported. Stable synchronous and phase-locked pulsed fibre laser beams are generated in a phase modulated mutually coupled fibre laser array. The mechanism for generating a pulsed laser is different from previous Q-switching, modelocking or pump modulation methods. Two pulsed fibre lasers are coherently combined with 0.48 J pulse energy at the repetition rate of 115 kHz. The repetition rate can be controlled by adjusting the pump current. The combining efficiency of the two pulsed fibre lasers reaches 90 and the fringe contrast is larger than 40 .     

1.5 μm DFB半导体激光器HCN吸收稳频技术

在远距离相干测量系统中,分布反馈式半导体激光器（DFB-LD）以其直接高速调制特性、低成本、可批量生产等优势成为精密遥测系统的核心光源,因此对DFB-LD的窄线宽和短时频率稳定性提出了更高的要求。为了实现DFB-LD的频率稳定,通过边频锁定与光电反馈回路的方法将激光频率锁定在H13C14N气体吸收谱线1548.956 nm的一侧。将光电探测模块、后续误差信号生成与处理模块和激光器驱动模块集成在一块模拟电路板上,从而有效地降低了系统的噪声;使用除法器代替减法器来产生鉴频信号,大大提高了系统灵敏度和稳频精度;通过这两项技术的改进,将DFB-LD的秒级频率稳定度提高了两个数量级,从稳频前的秒级频率稳定度3.67 × 10?8提高到稳频后的秒级频率稳定度2.34×10?10。实验结果表明,该DFB-LD稳频方案具有高的稳频精度,且系统结构简单、体积小、可批量生产,适合于无人机机载应用场景,是远距离相干测量系统的理想光源。     

Coherent subcarrier fiber-optic communication systems withphase-noise cancellation

A phase-noise-cancelled coherent subcarrier fiber-optic communication system that uses integrated-optic Mach-Zehnder waveguide modulators for frequency-pair encoding is introduced. Optical double-sideband suppressed-carrier signals with the same random phase noise and information encoded in the frequency separation of the two sidebands are generated by properly biasing the modulator. Phase noise is eliminated at the receiver by a nonlinear operation on the two sidebands. System performance analysis with numerical examples, taking into account the modulation index and laser normalized linewidth, is presented     

Optically coherent direct modulated FM analog link with phase noisecanceling circuit

This paper demonstrates a new phase noise canceling (PNC) circuit for use with an optically coherent analog frequency modulation (FM) link employing directly modulated distributed feedback (DFB) lasers. Direct frequency modulation of a semiconductor laser is a highly efficient optical-to-electrical conversion process, which can lead to very low noise figure (NF) and high dynamic range (DR). However, the large laser phase noise found in semiconductor lasers significantly degrades the FM link performance. The PNC circuit is a simple means for canceling the laser phase noise while extracting the modulated signal and taking advantage of the high FM conversion efficiency of semiconductor lasers. The theoretical performance of the PNC PM link is discussed in terms of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), NF, and DR, and is compared to a Mach-Zehnder modulated link which uses high-power, solid-state lasers. Phase noise cancellation is demonstrated in an experimental PNC FM link. Comparison of a PNC FM link to an externally modulated AM (coherent) link shows a 31 dB improvement in the NF of the FM link, and a 10 dB improvement in DR. However at higher received optical powers phase-to-intensity noise limits the performance of both links to well below the theoretical calculations     

垂直腔面发射激光器的内调制特性

面向芯片原子钟(Chip Scale Atomic Clock,CSAC)的垂直腔面发射激光器(Vertical Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser,VCSEL)通过微波调制产生具有特定光频差的相干激光,与原子作用后的跃迁谱线频率作为参考标准,最终可获取高精度的频率信号。因此,垂直腔面发射激光器在芯片原子钟系统中至关重要。介绍了VCSEL激光器的内调制原理,搭建了其内调制特性实验测试平台,开展了激光器对射频调制响应特性研究,记录了激光器边带信号随着注入电流和射频输出功率的变化情况,并分析了射频调制对激光器边带信号的影响特性以及Bogatov现象引起的边带不对称现象。实验结果显示:当射频信号频率为3.41734 GHz,注入电流为1.2 mA,射频输出功率为3.5 dBm时,可获得优化的高频调制光谱,为芯片原子钟提供优质的光源。     

单量子阱激光器小信号调制时的啁啾噪声

量子阱激光器具有良好的小信号调制频率响应 ,能作为高速光通信光源采用直接调制方式进行信号传输。与普通半导体激光器一样 ,直接调制将引起啁啾 ,从而影响光纤通信系统的性能。文中对小信号调制下单量子阱激光器的啁啾特性进行了研究和分析。得出了啁啾幅度和啁啾相位与调制频率的关系。对考虑与不考虑啁啾两种情况下 ,光脉冲在常规光纤中传输时的色散特性进行了模拟分析 ,发现了啁啾对系统的高阶色散有较大影响     

Coherent frequency/phase modulation scheme

An L-phase-levelled coherent frequency/phase modulation (LCFPM) scheme is proposed and analysed for additive white Gaussian noise channels. The optimised LCFPM scheme with L>2 is found to have superior bandwidth efficiency to the conventional dual-frequency quadrature frequency/phase modulation scheme     

基于PM 的多功能超宽带调制技术的研究

基于相位调制器(PM)级联高斯带通滤波器,提出了一种超宽带(UWB)多功能调制方案,可以实现通断键控(OOK)、脉冲极性调制(PBM)和脉冲形状调制(PSM)。该方案结构简单,只需单个光源,利用率较高,仅改变比特序列发生器(BSG)的编码就可实现三种UWB调制格式间的灵活切换;产生的三种信号只包含一个波长,在光纤中传输时无需复杂的非线性控制和色散管理。使用光通信软件Optisystem进行模拟,研究了光源功率、调制速率以及两支路PM和滤波器系统误差的影响,对OOK、PBM和PSM信号的传输性能进行了分析。结果表明,光源功率和调制速率在一定范围内变化时,可以获得性能最佳的UWB调制信号。     

高斯和超高斯型随机相位调制的光腔模式

本文利用空间－频率域相干模式理论对内置高斯或超高斯类型的随机相位调制的腔内模式进行了数值分析。结果表明：在这种随机相位片调制下,通过控制参数,可以在一腔镜上得到部分相干的类超高斯分布的光束,且类超高斯阶次可由相位参数控制;本文还引入新的参量－平整度来描述光束的整体强度分布的特征。     

相位屏法研究湍流大气对干涉图样的影响

基于马赫-泽德光路发射的相干光为模型,利用功率谱反演法生成随机相位屏的方法模拟湍流大气,分析了相干高斯光在湍流大气中的传输过程并建立了传输模型,推导得到了接收屏上的干涉光强。数值仿真分析了湍流大气对干涉图样分布以及条纹间距和对比度等特征参数的影响。结果表明,随着湍流强度增大,干涉图样变得模糊甚至破碎,条纹间距增大,对比度下降。此研究结果对于激光主动干涉探测技术的应用具有一定参考意义。     

Quantum phase noise and field correlation in single frequency semiconductor laser systems

The influence of quantum phase fluctuations which affect single frequency semiconductor lasers in various coherent detection systems is discussed in terms of photocurrent autocorrelation and spectral density functions. The general treatment given in this paper can be applied in diverse practical cases and points out the problems of phase correlation and phase matching between the two mixed optical beams. In the more general case the photocurrent spectrum is found to be composed of discrete and quasi-Lorentzian parts whose energies and spectral spreads are discussed as a function of the laser line width, the phase matching and the phase correlation between the two coherently combined fields.     

Coherent transmission using an external waveguide Bragg reflector laser with direct frequency modulation

Single-frequency l.5?m semiconductor lasers, formed by butt-coupling of a regular Fabry?Perot laser to an external waveguide Bragg reflector, are shown to have very uniform frequency modulation characteristics under direct current modulation. The laser's frequency modulation characteristics, together with its narrow linewidth (? 1 MHz), make coherent transmission possible without external modulators. The laser performance was evaluated in a 417Mbit/s, 102 km, frequency-shift-keying coherent transmission experiment.