泡菜中乳酸菌的分离及其发酵液抑菌活性研究

[目的]从泡菜中分离筛选优势乳酸菌并时其产抑菌物质进行研究,为生产纯菌乳酸茵发酵剂、改进传统乳酸发酵食品生产提供参考.[方法]利用乳酸菌分离培养基从泡菜中分离产酸菌,并通过产酸试验、形态学及生化特性判断是否为乳酸菌属;取发酵上清液进行抑菌活性研究.[结果]从泡菜中分离获得11株产酸菌,产酸试验表明J-4、J-5、J-9、J-11为优势产酸菌;通过形态学及生化特性,初步鉴定4株产酸菌均为乳酸杆菌属;发酵上清液抑菌试验表明,4株菌均具有较强的抑菌活性,其中,J-4还具有广谱抑菌活性.[结论]研究对于纯种发酵及乳酸菌抑菌素的开发应用具有一定的启发和借鉴价值.     

拟诺卡氏菌次级代谢产物的研究

[目的]研究拟诺卡氏菌次级代谢产物的化学成分.[方法]应用多种色谱方法进行分离和纯化,并用NMR和MS等方法解析其结构.[结果]得到4个单体化合物,其结构分别鉴定为白鲜碱、6-羟基-4-(4-羟苯基)-7-甲氧基香豆素、4.异丙基苯甲酸、β-吲哚甲酸.[结论]所有化合物均为首次从该菌中分离得到.     

一株絮凝剂产生菌TS-1的分离与鉴定

[目的]筛选鉴定出高絮凝活性的微生物絮凝剂产生菌:[方法丁通过培养基培养分离纯化出高絮凝活性的菌株并通过培养特征观察和生理生化特征测定鉴定筛选出的菌株.[结果]通过用稀释涂布平板法和平板划线法从土壤中分离、纯化和初筛后,从供试土样中共分离到14株具有絮凝性能的细菌,经复筛后得到5株絮凝活性较高(絮凝率>70%)的絮凝剂产生菌,其中1株经多次传代培养后絮凝活性仍很稳定(絮凝率始终>90%),其标记为TS-1.TS-1菌为具有荚膜的革兰氏阳性杆菌,并且菌体内无类脂物质如聚β-羟基丁酸.TS-1为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens),故将该菌定名为Bacillus TS-1.[结论]该试验筛选出的菌株可用于淀粉工业废水的絮凝处理和生化处理.     

不同环境中胞外多糖产生菌的初步研究

从不同的环境中采集样品,采用LB平板稀释法和苯胺蓝法分析样品中胞外多糖产生菌的丰度并分离胞外多糖产生菌;以发酵产糖量分析进行复筛,对产糖量较高的菌株进行常规生理生化分析和16SrDNA序列分析.结果表明:不同环境中胞外多糖产生菌的数量和类别有较大差异,其中活性污泥中胞外多糖产生菌数量最多;复筛得到89个菌株,选择其中8个产糖量较高的菌株进行生理生化实验和16SrDNA序列分析,结果显示:4个菌株属于芽孢杆菌属,另外4个可能属于新的细菌菌株.     

饲料玉米中优质乳酸菌的分离和鉴定

[目的]从饲料玉米中筛选适合做青贮饲料添加剂的高效乳酸菌.[方法]用MRS+CaCO<,3>固体培养基筛选乳酸菌,经形态学和生理生化试验进行初步鉴定,测定其产酸效率;挑选出12株产酸率强的乳酸菌进行耐盐和耐酸能力的测定,并时其进行16 S rDNA 鉴定.[结果]从饲料玉米中共分离得到44 株乳酸菌,12株产酸能力强的菌株经生理生化试验鉴定分别属于明串珠菌属、乳杆菌属和肠球菌属,且12株菌株都具有良好的耐盐、耐酸能力.经16 S rDNA鉴定:A4、B9、B11、B12 和B14 为植物乳杆菌;A1、A2、A7、A11和B8为肠膜明串珠菌葡聚糖亚种;A8和A9为兼性肠球菌.[结论]从饲料玉米中筛选出具有较强产酸能力的乳酸菌,作为青贮饲料添加剂.     

应用于景观水体异养硝化细菌的筛选鉴定及效果研究

[目的]研究景观水体的生物修复技术.[方法]采用SBR反应器,通过间歇曝气方式对底泥体系中好氧反硝化细菌进行了选择和富集,分离到1株异养硝化菌,并根据其生理生化性状和部分长度的16S rDNA序列确定了分离菌株的分类学和系统发育地位.[结果]从底泥中分离出1株异养硝化细菌SHW1,经过生理生化鉴定和16S rDNA测序.建立了系统发育树,鉴定出细菌SHW1属于Acineto-bacter sp..采用乙酸钠-氯化铵培养基培养细菌进行硝化特性研究,经过7 d好氧培养,NH<,4><'+>-N最终去除率为52.13%.并且具有产生NO<,2>-N的硝化性能.[结论]筛选出的异养硝化细菌SHW1在贫营养条件下对NH<,4>-N有较高的去除率,可以应用于景观水体脱氮.     

多环芳烃厌氧降解菌的筛选与鉴定

[目的]筛选并鉴定多环芳烃厌氧降解菌.[方法]通过富集,在厌氧条件下从受焦油长期污染的土壤中筛选出多环芳烃的高效厌氧降解菌,并对其进行了生理生化试验和16S rDNA鉴定.[结果]从受焦油长期污染的土壤中分离出2株多环芳烃降解菌W2和Y3,经综合表征和16S rDNA序列分析,初步鉴定菌株W2为鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomo sp.),菌株Y3为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus sp.).[结论]为多环芳烃的生物降解研究提供了理论依据.     

甘蔗渣淀粉功能降解菌筛选及s2g5-1和s3g4-8的鉴定

[目的]筛选甘蔗淀粉功能降解菌,并时菌株s2g5-1和s3g4-8进行鉴定.[方法]利用多种选择性培养基,从自然发酵不同阶段的甘蔗渣中分离到多种淀粉分解菌,并对其进行初筛和复筛.[结果]获得了淀粉降解功能菌株s2g5-1和s3g4-8.通过形态、生理生化和分子综合鉴定得出s2g5-l和s3g4-8遗菌株均为解淀粉芽孢杆菌.[结论]该研究结果为甘蔗渣工厂化应用提供了理论依据.     

一株产乙醇嗜热厌氧油藏微生物Thermoanaerobacter sp DF3的性质研究

[目的]了解油藏微生物Thermoanaerobacter sp DF3 的生理生化特性,优化木糖产乙醇培养方案.[方法丁利用厌氧分离技术从大港油田油层采出液中分离到一株产乙醇厌氧杆菌DF3.采用生理生化鉴定与16S rDNA序列的系统发育学分析其系统发育地位,用气相色谱分析其代谢产物.[结果]菌株DF3是一株严格厌氧的嗜热细菌,呈直杆状,G-,菌体大小为0.42 μm×(1.60～5.20)μm,单生、成对或成串生长,产顶端芽孢;生长温度为45～78 ℃(最适65 ℃),能利用葡萄糖、木糖、果糖、核糖、甘露糖、阿拉伯糖、蔗糖、半乳糖、乳糖、纤维二糖、松三糖、棉子糖、淀粉等作为底物;其16S rRNA与T.pseudoethanolicus相似性为99.7%.发酵葡萄糖与木糖的主要产物为乙醇,培养方案优化后其代谢木糖产乙醇终浓度为2.0 g/L.[结论]通过试验证明菌株DF3是目前已知菌株中产乙醇活性较强的菌株之一,在65℃时代谢木糖能产生2.0g/L的乙醇.目前代谢木糖高产乙醇的菌株均由国外分离获得,菌株DF3的分离获得为我国研究木质纤维素产乙醇提供了优良的出发菌株.     

成都样品中粘细菌的分离纯化

[目的]为进一步研究粘细菌中生物活性物质奠定基础.[方法]从成都各区县采集35份水样、土样、兔粪、羊粪、风化岩石以及朽木样品,预处理后使用不同方法进行分离纯化,观察分离粘细菌的营养细胞、粘孢子、子实体和菌落形态等特征,并进行鉴定归属.[结果]共分离纯化得到42 株粘细菌,鉴定为粘球菌属、囊球粘细菌属、粒状粘细菌属、堆囊粘细菌属、蜂窝粘细菌属、标桩菌属和原囊粘细菌属,共7个属.其中,水样中粘细菌的出菌率最高.[结论]水样中有丰富的粘细菌资源.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.