木粉增强HDPE复合材料的制备及其性能研究

以废弃木粉为增强材料,采用双螺杆挤出机,制备木粉增强高密度聚乙烯复合材料,研究改善木粉增强高密度聚乙烯复合材料力学性能的途径。结果表明,随着木粉加入量的增加复合体系的力学性能得到明显改善;通过适当的方法对木粉进行表面处理、对基体树脂进行改性,可以有效地提高复合体系的界面粘接强度,大幅度改善复合体系的力学性能;采用短切玻璃纤维与木粉组合,可以获得力学性能很高,能作为结构材料使用的复合材料。     

废弃木粉与短切玻璃纤维组合增强聚丙烯的力学性能

用废弃木粉与短切玻璃纤维作为增强材料，制得了组合增强的聚丙烯复合材料，研究了制备工艺及设备、材料配方及界面改性方法等对材料力学性能的影响。结果表明，用单螺杆挤出机制备组合增强材料，可减少对玻璃纤维的损伤，保持较长的玻璃纤维，有利于其增强作用的发挥；随着玻璃纤维含量的增加，体系的力学性能提高，而木粉含量对材料力学性能的影响与玻璃纤维的含量相关；采用硅烷偶联剂对木粉进行表面处理，在基体中添加接枝极性基团的改性聚丙烯，可改善体系的界面结合，提高力学性能。     

木粉表面处理对PVC／木粉复合材料性能的影响

使用钛酸酯偶联剂、油酸酰胺、聚氨酯预聚物三种表面改性剂处理木粉并制备了PVC／木粉复合材料，研究了表面改性剂的不同种类和不同用量对复合体系性能和结构的影响。结果表明：几种木粉表面处理剂均可明显提高复合材料的力学性能，其中使用4份聚氨酯预聚体和6份油酸酰胺处理木粉表面的复合体系的力学性能较优；使用表面改性剂处理木粉，也可以明显改善复合体系的流变性能；同时扫描电镜观察也发现同样规律，体系中添加改性剂，PVC与木粉的相容性明显改善，材料性能也有所提高，但表面改性剂用量过多，也会造成木粉团聚，从而影响复合材料的性能。     

长玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的高性能、低成本化技术

本文通过直接挤出混炼的方法制备了长玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料,研究了长纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料高性能、低成本化的方法。通过与连续玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯织物的组合,获得了力学性能超过玻璃纤维毡增强聚丙烯复合材料的高性能复合材料。在树脂基体中掺混廉价的填料及回收的聚丙烯树脂,结合适当的填料表面处理方法及废弃回收树脂的增韧及抗老化改性,在力学性能保持一定水平的基础上,可有效降低材料的成本。     

稀土偶联剂在再生PP/木粉复合材料中的应用研究

用稀土偶联剂(WOT)处理木粉,对改性木粉进行了红外光谱分析;将改性木粉、再生聚丙烯(PP)及其它助剂用双螺杆造粒机组挤出造粒制备PP/木粉复合材料,研究了WOT用量、木粉用量对复合材料性能的影响,并采用扫描电子显微镜进行了材料断面的形态分析。结果表明,WOT与木粉之间的化学结合作用可以增强木粉与PP的界面结合,提高了塑木复合材料的性能,合适的WOT用量为4～6份(每100份木粉)。木粉用量在20～60份时,复合材料的拉伸弹性模量、弯曲弹性模量和热变形温度随木粉用量的增加而提高。     

木粉增强聚丙烯复合材料制备及性能研究

用硅烷偶联剂(KH550)处理木粉,再与废旧塑料(主要成分为聚丙烯)混炼,制备成木粉/聚丙烯复合材料。测试了不同木粉粒径以及不同木粉含量对复合材料力学性能、热性能的影响,并通过紫外荧光试验,测试了20%(质量百分比)木粉含量的木塑复合材料中聚丙烯在紫外荧光条件下的再结晶性能,结果表明木粉/聚丙烯复合材料的力学性能随着木粉粒径及含量的增加先增加后降低;随着木粉含量的增加,木塑材料的耐热温度降低;随着暴露在紫外荧光时间的增加,聚丙烯的结晶度逐渐增加。     

影响聚丙烯基木塑复合材料力学性能因素

研究了偶联剂、相容剂、木粉用量和木质填料种类对以聚丙烯（PP）为基体树脂制备小塑复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明，以硅烷偶联剂处理木粉或直接加入相容剂均使复合材料力学性能得到提高；木粉用量的提高使复合材料冲击强度下降，弯曲强度、弯曲模量、拉伸强度则大幅提高；在分别以粒径为0．14mm木粉和0．22mm木粉、竹粉、花生壳粉、稻壳粉制备复合材料，以粒径为0．14mm木粉与PP制备的复合材料力学性能最好。     

生物油对木塑材料性能的影响

将生物油与几种塑料(聚丙烯和聚苯乙烯)、木粉混合制备木塑复合材料,并初步研究了其力学性能和热重行为.结果表明:改性后的生物油可提高不同塑料基复合材料的力学性能,改善耐水性.塑料成分在材料中比例一定时,增加生物油比例,降低木粉比例可增强材料性能.同时采用FT-IR、DSC对Ps基木塑材料进行分析.     

木粉抽提物对PE-HD/木粉复合材料力学性能的影响

采用不同的方法对木粉进行抽提处理,研究木粉抽提物对高密度聚乙烯(PE-HD)/木粉复合材料力学性能的影响,结果表明:木粉抽提物的移出,使木粉颗粒变得较疏松和有孔隙存在,增强了木粉在PE-HD闻的分散性,从而提高复合材料的力学性能.其中热水抽提的木粉对复合材料的力学性能提高最显著.     

等离子体处理在玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料中的应用

采用连续玻璃纤维，以聚丙烯为基体树脂制备新型复合材料，研究了化学偶联剂处理等离子体处理对材料力学性能和耐湿热稳定性能的影响。研究表明，对玻璃纤维进行等离子体处理后再用化学偶联剂Ａ－１１００进行处理，同时对聚丙烯进行氧等离子体处理可以有效改善材料的界面结合状况，大幅度提高材料的力学性能和耐湿热稳定性能。     

用废木粉增强聚乙烯的研究

本研究采用废木粉为填料增强改性高密度聚乙烯。评价了马来酸酐接枝高密度聚乙烯（MAH-g-HDPE）对聚乙烯基木塑复合材料的增客效果，研究了木粉含量对复合材料力学性能和其它性能的影响，详细阐述了木粉的增强作用机理。研究结果表明：MAH-g-HDPE可显著增进憎水性基质和亲水性木粉之间的界面相互作用，明显改进复合材料的力学性能；在使用适当相客剂的情况下，木粉可明显提高聚乙烯的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量，具有良好的增强效果；当木粉含量为60％时，复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量分别高达38MPa、54MPa和3500MPa，若与纯基质相比，分别提高了43．4％、176％和283％。这些实验结果表明，木粉对聚乙烯具有明显的增强效果。     

Biofibers as reinforcing fillers in thermoplastic composites

Four biofiber materials were compared against wood flour for their ability to act as reinforcing fillers in melt-blended composites with polypropylene as the matrix polymer. The four materials were a waste wood composite (mixture of plywood, particleboard, and fiberboard), kenaf core, a waste jute–polyester composite panel, and waste newspaper. The composites were prepared either by extrusion or by blending in a high intensity thermokinetic mixer (K-mixer), and mechanical properties were determined on injection molded specimens. Although some property differences were observed compared to wood flour/polypropylene composites, it appeared that any of the four materials might substitute for wood flour if local supply and cost circumstances offered advantages. However, waste newspaper clearly provided the best balance of mechanical properties relative to the other three test materials or wood flour. Relative to wood flour, waste newspaper filler increased unnotched impact by over 30 percent and flexure and tensile strengths by about 25 percent.     

Some studies on mechanical properties of wood flour/continuous glass mat/polypropylene composite

The mechanical properties and the surface property of wood flour/continuous glass mat/polypropylene composites have been investigated. The suitability of wood flour as a filler for continuous glass mat–reinforced polypropylene has been tested using different mesh sizes (e.g., 20 and 40 mesh), as well as by varying the weight percentage of wood flour from 0%– 30%. Moreover, different treatments such as coupling agent A‐1100 and functionalized polypropylene grafting with maleic anhydride, and so forth, have also been used to improve the compatibility of wood flour and glass fiber with the polymer resin. In addition, the effects of the surface weight of glass mat and matrix resin have been studied. The extent of the improvement in mechanical properties depends on the wood flour content and size, the surface weight of the glass mat, the matrix resin, and the surface treatment of wood flour. After adding wood flour, the contact angle of distilled water on the composite surface decreases and the polar component of surface tension increases. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 536–544, 2002     

Rheological and mechanical properties of composites made from wood flour and recycled LDPE/HDPE blend

The effect of compounding method is studied with respect to the rheological behavior and mechanical properties of composites made of wood flour and a blend of two main components of plastics waste in municipal solid waste, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The effects of recycling process on the rheological behavior of LDPE and HDPE blends were investigated. Initially, samples of virgin LDPE and HDPE were thermo-mechanically degraded twice under controlled conditions in an extruder. The recycled materials and wood flour were then compounded by two different mixing methods: simultaneous mixing of all components and pre-mixing, including the blending of polymers in molten state, grinding and subsequent compounding with wood flour. The rheological and mechanical properties of the LDPE/HDPE blend and resultant composites were determined. The results showed that recycling increased the complex viscosity of the LDPE/HDPE blend and it exhibited miscible behavior in a molten state. Rheological testing indicated that the complex viscosity and storage modulus of the composites made by pre-mixing method were higher than that made by the simultaneous method. The results also showed that melt pre-mixing of the polymeric matrix (recycled LDPE and HDPE) improved the mechanical properties of the wood–plastic composites.     

不同木粉比例PVC木塑界面的介观模拟以及力学性能预测

研究了DPD(耗散粒子动力学)方法模拟不同木粉比例的PVC木塑中木粉的分布状况,从介观尺度表征了木粉在材料中的聚集状态,通过木粉在木塑材料中的分布情况预测高木粉填充木塑材料的力学性能,并与试验值进行对比,得出当木粉含量达到15%~31.5%可以达到力学性能最优区间。     

Thermal and mechanical properties of wood flour–polystyrene blends from postconsumer plastic waste

Polystyrene (PS) from packing materials and plastic cups was reinforced with 30 and 50% wood flour through a blending process with and without a commercial compatibilizing agent. The processability of the pure recycled polystyrene (rPS) and wood–rPS composites was studied in terms of the torque of the mixing process; this was then compared with that of a commercial virgin multipurpose PS. The physical and mechanical properties were compared with those of the virgin PS reinforced with 30 and 50% wood flour. The results show that the mechanical properties of the pure and reinforced rPS did not decrease with respect to the virgin PS, and in terms of the impact strength, the rPS was superior to the virgin plastic. The mechanical properties were not affected by the commercial compatibilizing agent, but the torque of the blends was significantly lower with the compatibilizer. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis were used to study the glass‐transition temperature (T_g) of both the pure virgin PS and pure rPS and the wood flour–PS composites. The T_g values of the rPS and wood–rPS composites were higher than those of the virgin PS and wood–virgin PS composites. The use of rPS increased the stiffness and flexural modulus of the composites. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the thermal stability of rPS and its composites was slightly greater than that of the virgin PS and its composites. These results suggest that postconsumer PS can be used to obtain composite materials with good mechanical and thermal properties. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Comparative study on the effect of manchurian ash and larch wood flour on mechanical property,morphology, and rheology of HDPE/wood flour composites

Effects of wood flour species and polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride (MA‐PE) on mechanical properties and morphology and torque rheology of high density polyethylene (HDPE)/wood flour composites have been comparatively investigated. The results demonstrated that without compatbilizer, wood flour species exhibited little influence on mechanical properties. In the presence of MA‐PE, the mechanical properties were obviously increased. On the basis of the mechanical property data obtained from wood flour extracted by different methods, the extractant was an important factor affecting the mechanical properties. Manchurian ash and larch wood flours extracted by hot water presented almost the same mechanical properties, and larch wood flour was the most beneficial to enhance the mechanical properties. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the atomic force microscopy (AFM) further confirmed that interfacial adhesion and dispersion of manchurian ash wood flour in composites were effectively improved by MA‐PE. The torque results demonstrated that the chemical reactions of maleic anhydride groups on MA‐PE with hydroxyl on cellulose in wood flour probably took place due to the increase of the equilibrium torque and the appearance of the torque peak, and larch wood flour was more beneficial to prepare the composites containing the higher wood flour content. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

木粉和发泡剂对PVC基木塑复合发泡材料性能的影响

以木粉、聚氯乙烯树脂、发泡剂等为原料,通过连续挤出得到发泡木塑复合材料。对木粉的热失重、复合发泡材料的泡孔形态、力学性能进行了测试。结果表明:发泡剂用量不应超过1phr;在本实验范围内,木粉粒径的减小会使发泡更容易,材料的力学性能得到改善;木粉粒径对泡孔形态和力学性能的影响有一个最佳范围,即20~80目。