半固态铝合金钛、硼细化工艺研究

采用钛硼细化工艺,结合低温浇注方法,制备了ZL104铝合金半固态坯料,并将坯料重新加热至半固态温度进行等温处理.实验结果表明:钛硼有效地细化了合金的铸态组织,半固态重熔过程中可获得球形初生α-Al晶粒,浇注温度越低,铸态组织越细,球形初生α-Al晶粒组织越好.     

细化处理ZL104半固态保温过程中的组织演变

研究了用稀土和钛硼细化剂细化处理的ZL104铝合金的铸态组织和其在半固态重熔加热过程中的组织变化。实验结果表明：稀土和钛硼都细化了合金的铸态组织，半固态重熔过程中都可获得球形初生α-Al晶粒。但钛硼细化效果比稀土好，获得的球形晶粒的圆整度高，初生α-Al晶粒的球化速度快。     

稀土La对半固态A356铝合金凝固组织的影响

利用Al-La稀土中间合金对液态A356铝合金进行了细化处理,并用低温浇注技术制备了半固态A356铝合金浆料,研究了细化处理对所制备半固态A356铝合金的初生α-Al相形貌和尺寸的影响。结果表明,细化处理的A356铝合金经低温浇注可制备具有颗粒状和蔷薇状初生α-Al相的半固态浆料,稀土La可显著改善半固态A356铝合金中初生α-Al相的晶粒尺寸和颗粒形貌。探讨了稀土La对半固态A356铝合金的初生α-Al相细化机理。     

倾斜板法制备铝基复合材料半固态坯料的研究

采用倾斜板法制备了半固态TiB2/ZL203复合材料坯料,考察了浇注温度和倾斜角度对半固态坯料组织中初生α-Al颗粒形貌和尺寸的影响。结果表明,采用倾斜板法可以制备出初生α-Al相细小且呈等轴状或近球状的TiB2/ZL203复合材料坯料。初生α-Al相平均晶粒尺寸和平均圆度系数分别随着浇注温度的减小和倾斜角度的增加而相应地减小和增加。但当倾斜角度超过45°时,半固态组织有所粗化。当倾斜角度为45°和浇注温度为700℃,半固态TiB2/ZL203复合材料坯料初生α-Al相平均晶粒尺寸最小,形貌最为圆整,适于触变成形。     

水冷铜质蛇形通道制备半固态7075铝合金浆料

采用自制的水冷铜质蛇形通道装置制备了半固态7075铝合金浆料,研究了浇注温度、弯道数量和冷却水流量对半固态7075铝合金浆料组织的影响。结果表明,当浇注温度为680~700℃时,能获得理想的半固态7075铝合金浆料,其初生α-Al的平均晶粒尺寸小于41μm,形状因子大于0.79。相同温度下,随着弯道数量增加,半固态浆料组织中初生α-Al的平均晶粒尺寸减小、形状因子提高;冷却水流量为450L/h时,获得的半固态浆料组织较好。采用低过热度浇注制备半固态7075铝合金浆料过程中,合金熔体在具有一定弧度且封闭的蛇形弯道内流动并多次改变流动方向,具有类似搅拌功能,使得初生晶核逐渐演变为球形或近球形晶粒。     

水冷铜质蛇形通道制备半固态A380铝合金浆料

采用水冷铜质蛇形通道制备了半固态A380铝合金浆料,研究了浇注温度、弯道数量、冷却水流量对半固态A380铝合金浆料组织的影响。结果表明,随着浇注温度的降低,初生α-Al晶粒尺寸减小、形状因子提高;浇注温度在610~630℃时,可以获得理想的半固态浆料组织。随着水冷铜质蛇形通道弯道数量增加,半固态浆料组织中初生α-Al晶粒更加细小、均匀、圆整。水冷铜质蛇形通道冷却水流量为500L/h时,可以获得初生α-Al晶粒细小、圆整的半固态浆料组织。     

半固态2A12铝合金部分重熔组织的演变

对低压脉冲磁场技术制备的2A12铝合金半固态坯料进行部分重熔,利用光学显微镜和图像分析仪等,对半固态坯料部分重熔微观组织的演变进行了研究.结果表明,随着加热温度的提高或保温时间的延长,坯料的平均晶粒尺寸增大,重熔液相增加,晶粒的圆整度提高.最佳的部分重熔工艺参数如下:加热温度为620℃左右,保温时间为20～40 min.形成初生α-Al晶粒为均匀的近球形颗粒,平均晶粒尺寸为116～120 μm,液相率在40％左右,适合于半固态触变成形.组织演化机制分析表明,部分重熔的初期阶段,重熔液相较少,晶粒主要通过凝并快速长大;随加热温度的升高和保温时间的延长,重熔液相增加,晶粒主要通过原子扩散慢速长大并发生球化.     

半固态模锻ZL101铝合金车轮的组织与力学性能

采用低过热度浇注法制备半固态ZL101铝合金圆棒坯料,在200 T立式油压机上模锻成形铝合金车轮,研究了铝合金车轮的组织与力学性能.结果表明:低过热度浇注法制备ZL101铝合金圆棒坯的合理浇注温度为635 ～655 ℃,棒坯组织为细小均匀的等轴和球形α-Al晶粒,棒坯合适的二次加热工艺为600 ℃等温加热60 ～80 min.半固态模锻ZL101铝合金车轮组织由球形α-Al晶粒和α+Si共晶组织组成,经T6热处理后,其屈服强度、抗拉强度和伸长率分别为211.9 MPa、318.1MPa和5.9％,表明半固态模锻铝合金车轮具有较高的综合力学性能.     

脉冲磁场下制备半固态铝铜合金坯料的研究

采用脉冲磁场技术制备了半固态Al-4.5Cu合金坯料,考察了冷却速度和脉冲频率对半固态坯料初生α-Al相形貌和尺寸的影响.结果表明,利用脉冲磁场处理可以制备出初生α-A1相为细小的近球状颗粒的半固态Al-4.5Cu合金坯料.初生α -Al相平均晶粒尺寸和平均形状系数分别随着冷却速度的减小和脉冲频率的增加而相应的减小和增加.但当冷却速度减小到20℃/min,脉冲频率增大到10 Hz时,半固态组织有所粗化.当冷却速度为40℃/min,脉冲频率为6 Hz时,半固态Al-4.5Cu合金坯料初生α-Al相平均晶粒尺寸最小,形貌最为圆整,适合于半固态成形.     

准共晶铝硅合金半固态坯料重熔加热时的组织演变

以Al-10Si-3Cu-1Mg准共晶铝硅合金为研究对象,采用低温铸造法制得半固态淬火坯料,研究坯料重熔加热温度和保温时间对组织演变的影响.结果表明,提高加热温度或者延长保温时间,可使准共晶铝硅合金中共晶硅由铸态坯料显微组织的条状、蠕虫状及网状转变为球状或块状,网状被打开直至长成粗大的球状;共晶α相与初生α-Al相合并、长大成完全的非枝晶组织.准共晶铝硅合金坯料半固态加热重熔的最佳工艺参数为:558℃保温40 min或568℃保温20 min,既可使初生α-Al相完全非枝晶化,又可使共晶硅转变为小的粒状.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.