聚丙烯接枝物的制备及其在PP/PA6共混体系中的应用

以BPO为引发剂,通过悬浮固相接枝法,得到PP-g-（MAH/VAc）和PP-g-（MA/AA）接枝物,通过称重法和非水滴定法测得了接枝物的接枝率。红外光谱表明,单体都能接枝到PP上。SEM结果表明PP/PA6/PP接枝物共混体系中,PP-g-（MAH/VAc）的增容效果优于PP-g-（MA/AA）,这主要是因为PP-g（MAH/VAc）在PP/PA6体系中起到反应性增容的作用,而PP-g-（MA/AA）仅起到物理缠结的作用。     

相容剂和加工工艺对PA1010/PP共混体系形态和力学性能的影响

以马来酸酐（MAH）和苯乙烯（St）多单体熔融接枝聚丙烯[PP-g-(MAH-co-St）]为相容剂,制备了聚酰胺10101/聚丙烯（PA1010/PP）共混体系。用毛细管流变仪、扫描电子显微镜、力学性能测试等方法研究了和加工工艺相容剂对PA1010/PP共混体系的形态和力学性能的影响。结果表明,相容剂PP-g-(MAH-co-St)有效降低了PA1010/PP共混体系的熔体流动速率;该共混体系熔体属于假塑性流体,熔体黏度随PP-g-(MAH-co-St)含量的增加逐渐增大;随着相容剂含量的增加,PA1010/PP共混体系中分散相PP的粒径逐步减小,力学性能得到改善,PA1010/PP/PP-g-(MAH-co-St)为70/25/5和70/20/10的共混体系的拉伸强度分别比PA1010/PP (70/30)共混体系提高了55.0 %和61.9 %,冲击强度分别提高了61.0 %和129.7 %;剪切速率为706.5 s-1时出现熔体破裂现象,剪切速率为5002.65 s-1时出现严重熔体破裂。     

PP-g-MAH增容PP/PA-66共混物形态结构和性能

用固相接枝法制备了马来酸酐接枝改性聚丙烯(PP g MAH),研究了PP g MAH增容PP/PA 66共混物的形态结构和性能。结果表明,用PP g MAH增容的PP/PA 66共混物的拉伸强度提高约10MPa,弯曲强度、弯曲模量有所提高,缺口冲击强度和伸长率保持不变。     

弹性体接枝马来酸酐对PP/PA6 的增容作用

以4种弹性体接枝马来酸酐(MAH)共聚物作为聚丙烯/聚酰胺6(PP/PA6)共混体系的增容剂,从界面相互作用、形态结构和力学性能等方面比较了它们的增容作用。乙烯-辛烯共聚物接枝马来酸酐(POE-g-MAH)和乙丙三元共聚物接枝MAH(EPDM-g-MAH)使PP与PA6两相间的界面相互作用增强,增容效果较好;POE-g-MAH为增容剂时,PA6粒子分布较均匀,粒径约为1μm。POE-g-MAH能明显改善PP/PA6共混体系的韧性和强度,具有良好的增容作用。当w(POE-g-MAH)为10%时,w(PA6)为60%的共混体系拉伸强度最高,达到53.4MPa;适当增加PA6用量,可明显改善共混体系的流动性。     

PP-g-(DAP-co-GMA)和PP-g-(DAP-co-MAH)的制备及其增容PP/PET

以邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯(DAP)为共单体,将马来酸酐(MAH)和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)分别接枝到聚丙烯(PP)上,制备了PP-g-(DAP-co-MAH)和PP-g-(DAP-co-GMA),考察了两种接枝物对PP/聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)增容性能的影响。结果表明:在MAH和GMA接枝PP过程中加入DAP作为共单体,可以明显地抑制接枝过程中PP的降解,提高GMA和MAH的接枝率;分别将两种接枝物加入到PP/PET共混体系中,与PP-g-(DAPco-MAH)增容体系相比,PP-g-(DAP-co-GMA)增容体系的共混扭矩、拉伸强度明显提高,PET熔点及玻璃化转变温度降低,PET分散更加均匀细小,两相相容性提高。     

多单体接枝聚丙烯对PP/PA6共混物形态及力学性能的影响

用同向双螺杆挤出机制备了马来酸酐(MAH)、苯乙烯(St)多单体熔融接枝聚丙烯[PP-g-(St-MAH)],将其作为增容剂在Haake转矩流变仪上与PP/PA6共混得到PP/PA6/PP-g-(St-MAH)共混物,并对共混物的性能及结构进行了表征。结果表明,该增容剂明显改善了共混物的力学性能,当增容剂含量为15~20份时,共混物的冲击强度和拉伸屈服强度达最大值。采用扫描电子显微镜观察共混物试样断面的形态,发现分散相的粒径明显减小,且分散均匀。     

一步法多单体反应挤出PP/PA6增容体系研究

采用一步法将接枝单体马来酸酐(MAH)和苯乙烯(St)、引发剂过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)与聚丙烯(PP)、尼龙6(PA6)、乙烯辛烯共聚物(POE)等混匀后在双螺杆挤出机中就地反应增容，详细地讨论了MAH／St／DCP用量和PA6含量对共混体系拉伸性能和冲击性能的影响；通过扫描电镜(SEM)分析了MAH／St／DCP用量及PA6含量对共混物的亚微形态、相界面的影响；通过红外光谱(FTIR)的结果分析对PP／PA6共混物增容反应机理进行了初步探讨。结果表明：一步法添加MAH／St／DCP引起PP／PA6共混体系发生了酰亚胺化反应，生成了Pp—(St—MAH)—PA6接枝共聚物有很好的增容作用；PA6与基体PP的界面非常模糊，分散相的颗粒也变得均匀细小，约0．5μm，大大改善了两相之间的粘结；从而使得PP／PA6共混体系的力学性能有了较大的提高，PA6质量分数在20％，MAH／St／DCP添加1～4份时效果最佳，缺口冲击强度提高2倍左右，拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、无缺口冲击强度也有明显改善。     

POE-g-GMA对PP/PA6共混物力学性能的影响

采用熔融法制备乙烯-辛烯共聚物接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(POE-g-GMA)。利用红外光谱法和化学滴定法对接枝物进行结构表征及接枝率的测定。并将POE-g-GMA作为相容剂对PP/PA6共混物的力学性能的影响进行研究。研究结果表明:在PP/PA6共混物中加入适量的PA6可以提高PP的拉伸强度,当在PP/PA6共混体系中加入相容剂POE-g-GMA,不仅能够改善PP/PA6共混物的相容性,而且能够使PP/PA6共混物在保持较高拉伸强度和弹性模量的同时,大幅度地提高共混物的缺口冲击度和断裂伸长率,与纯PP相比提高幅度显著增大。     

PP-g-GMA的制备及其增容PP/PA6共混物的性能

通过熔融接枝反应制备了甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝聚丙烯（PP-g-GMA）,并将其作为聚丙烯/聚酰胺6（PP/PA6）共混物的相容剂,研究了PP-g-GMA对PP/PA6共混物的力学性能及形态结构的影响。结果表明,采用滴定法测得PP-g-GMA接枝率为3.35 %;当PP-g-GMA的添加量为4 %（质量分数,下同）和8 %时,PP/PA6/PP-g-GMA共混物的拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度分别较PP/PA6共混物提高了32.4 %和60.4 %;PP-g-GMA显著改善了PP/PA6 共混物的界面相容性,是PP/PA6共混物的有效增容剂。     

增容剂对PP/PA66共混物力学性能和结晶行为的影响

采用熔融共混法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/聚酰胺66(PA66)共混物,研究了聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)和乙烯-辛烯共聚物接枝马来酸酐(POE-g-MAH)作为增容剂对PP/PA66共混物力学性能和非等温结晶行为的影响。结果表明:PP-g-MAH提高了共混体系的拉伸强度,加入5份POE-g-MAH能显著提高共混物的断裂伸长率;PA66可起到异相成核作用,使PP的结晶峰温度升高;加入PP-g-MAH进一步提高了PP的结晶峰温度;PA66使PP的结晶活化能增大,增容剂的加入则使共混体系中PP的结晶活化能降低。     

Synthesis of multifunctional polypropylene via solid phase cografting and its grafting mechanism

Functional monomers, maleic anhydride (MAH) and vinyl acetate (VAc), were used as comonomers in the solid‐phase grafting of polypropylene (PP). Quantitative determination of the graft level of both MAH and VAc performed by titration and FTIR methods allowed for a good appreciation of the interaction of MAH and VAc. A product with high‐graft level of both VAc and MAH was obtained when the feeding molar ratio of MAH/VAc approached 1 : 1. The melt flow rate (MFR) of the grafted PP decreased with the increase in the feeding amount of VAc. It was proposed that MAH and VAc molecules could form a kind of stable transition state during the graft polymerization and that the reactivity of both monomers were enhanced. The resulting multifunctional PP offers possibility for the development of novel PP‐based polymer blends and composites, thus extending the application field of PP. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 84: 929–935, 2002; DOI 10.1002/app.10121     

PP-g-MAH对PA6/PP共混体系性能的影响

以PP-g-MAH为相容剂,研究了PP-g-MAH对PA6/PP共混体系性能的影响。探讨了PP-g-MAH对PA6/PP共混物增容作用,提高共混物的各项性能指标。当PP-g-MAH为4份时,共混物的力学性能最好,当PA6/PP=90/10时,其力学性能有最大值;SEM照片显示,未加PP-g-MAH时,PP在PA6基体上分散不均,颗粒大,当加入适量的PP-g-MAH(4份)时,PP分散比较均匀,颗粒尺寸明显降低。以PP-g-MAH4份,PA6/PP=80/20制备的共混物,吸水率约是PA6的15%:冲击强度、热变形温度分别比PA6、PP提高了72%和106%,13.5℃和5.5℃。     

共单体固相接枝PP对PA6/PP合金增容作用的研究

研究了马来酸酐、苯乙烯共单体固相接枝聚丙烯[PP-g-(MAH-co-St)]增容尼龙6(PA6)/PP合金的两相形态结构、力学性能及结晶性能.结果表明,PP-g-(MAH-co-St)是PA6/PP合金的有效增容剂,少量的PP-g-(MAH-co-St)即可达到良好的增容效果,能够显著提高合金的力学性能.加入增容剂后,PP在基体PA6中的分散更均匀,颗粒尺寸更细小.增容剂使PA6/PP合金的结晶性能发生改变,PP结晶度增加,PA6结晶度下降.     

Dynamic rheological behavior of reactively compatibilized polypropylene/polyamide 6 blending melts

The dynamic rheological behavior is measured by small amplitude oscillatory shear on rotational rheometer for polypropylene/polyamide 6 (PP/PA6) blends compatibilized by a polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (PP‐g‐MAH). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) results show that the PP/PP‐g‐MAH/PA6 (=100/6/40wt) is sea‐island structure, the PP/PP‐g‐MAH/PA6 (=100/6/60wt) blend is semi‐cocontinuous. Coarse PA6 zones can be observed when the weight ratio is 100/6/80. At low frequency the complex viscosity, dynamic modulus of the PP/PP‐g‐MAH/PA6 (PP/PP‐g‐MAH = 100/6wt) blends first increase then drop with the increase of PA6 weight content in the range of 0–100, the maximum value arrives at the weight content of 60. The Cole–Cole plots as well as the weighted relaxation spectra of the blends have a main arc and a tail when the weight ratio of PP/PP‐g‐MAH/PA6 is in the range of 100/6/20–100/6/60, but have different shapes when the weight ratio increases to 100/6/80 and 100/6/100. The possible reason is the weight ratio of 100/6/80 and 100/6/100 is close to the phase inversion point. In fitting the storage modulus data at low frequency, Palierne's model with two parameters interfacial tension and interfacial shear modulus is better than Bousmina's model. Palierne's model with only one parameter of interfacial tension can not fit the data well. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42091.     

固相接枝法合成聚丙烯、马来酸酐、苯乙烯的接枝物

用马来酸(MAH)和苯乙烯(St)双单体固相接枝聚丙烯(PP)制备相容剂PP-g-(MAH-St()简写PSM),产物通过红外光谱特征峰分析证实是PP-g-(MAH-St),用示差扫描量热法(DSC)分析了PSM的结晶性能,并将PSM应用到PP/SBR共混物中,发现加入接枝率为3.0%的PSM的PP/SBR/PSM共混物的拉伸强度和弯曲强度比未加入PSM的PP/SBR共混物的拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别提高了25%和14%。     

PP-g-(GMA-co-St)增容PVC/PP共混物的研究

制备了一种新型的多单体接枝PP[PP-g-（GMA—co—St）]，研究了其对聚氯乙烯／聚丙烯（PVC／PP）共混体系的增容作用。讨论了接枝PP用量对共混物的界面相互作用、力学性能、耐热变形性能和加工流变性能的影响，并通过扫描电镜（SEM）对共混物的微观相结构进行了观察。结果表明，该接枝PP对PVC／PP共混体系有较好的增容效果，接枝PP的加入使共混物的界面相互作用增强。共混物的力学性能在接枝PP用量为20份时最佳；熔体流动速率在其质量分数为20％后下降缓慢，共混物的耐热变形性能随PP—g-（GMA—co—St）用量的增加而增强。     

Dynamically cured polypropylene/epoxy blends

The dynamic vulcanization process, usually used for the preparation of thermoplastic elastomers, was used to prepare polypropylene (PP)/epoxy blends. The blends had crosslinked epoxy resin particles finely dispersed in the PP matrix, and they were called dynamically cured PP/epoxy blends. Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAH‐g‐PP) was used as a compatibilizer. The effects of the reactive compatibilization and dynamic cure were studied with rheometry, capillary rheometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of PP/epoxy, PP/MAH‐g‐PP/epoxy, and dynamically cured PP/epoxy blends were also investigated. The increase in the torque at equilibrium for the PP/MAH‐g‐PP/epoxy blends indicated the reaction between maleic anhydride groups of MAH‐g‐PP and the epoxy resin. The torque at equilibrium of the dynamically cured PP/epoxy blends increased with increasing epoxy resin content. Capillary rheological measurements also showed that the addition of MAH‐g‐PP or an increasing epoxy resin content increased the viscosity of PP/epoxy blends. SEM micrographs indicated that the PP/epoxy blends compatibilized with PP/MAH‐g‐PP had finer domains and more obscure boundaries than the PP/epoxy blends. A shift of the crystallization peak to a higher temperature for all the PP/epoxy blends indicated that uncured and cured epoxy resin particles in the blends could act as effective nucleating agents. The spherulites of pure PP were larger than those of PP in the PP/epoxy, PP/MAH‐g‐PP/epoxy, and dynamically cured PP/epoxy blends, as measured by polarized optical microscopy. The dynamically cured PP/epoxy blends had better mechanical properties than the PP/epoxy and PP/MAH‐g‐PP/epoxy blends. With increasing epoxy resin content, the flexural modulus of all the blends increased significantly, and the impact strength and tensile strength increased slightly, whereas the elongation at break decreased dramatically. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 1437–1448, 2004