TRIP980高强钢/SPCC低碳钢的异种钢电阻点焊工艺优化及接头性能分析

以厚度均为1.5 mm的TRIP980高强钢/SPCC低碳钢的异种钢板电阻点焊接头为研究对象,以接头剪切拉伸载荷为评价指标,运用正交试验优化其焊接参数,采用极差法和方差法对结果进行分析,随后增加焊前预热条件,分析对比相同焊接电流、焊接时间、电极压力参数下采用预热和无预热时点焊接头的剪切拉伸载荷,利用电子拉伸试验机、金相显微镜和显微硬度仪分别对预热和无预热两种条件下较优焊接参数时的点焊接头性能及显微组织进行测试和分析,研究TRIP980高强钢/SPCC低碳钢的异种钢板电阻点焊接头力学性能及接头各区域的金相组织、硬度特点。结果表明:运用焊前预热能够获得性能良好的点焊接头,相同焊接参数情况下,预热点焊接头的剪切拉伸载荷比无预热高5.5%以上;两种条件下较优焊接参数时,无预热点焊接头为脆性断裂,预热点焊接头为韧-脆混合断裂;采用预热获得的点焊接头组织比无预热更为致密;预热点焊接头熔核和母材的硬度比无预热时有所下降,熔合线硬度过渡平缓。其主要机理是,预热使点焊接头熔核周边优先发热,热影响区扩大,熔核韧性提高和熔核周边应力集中缓解,从而提高了点焊接头的强度。     

6mm厚304不锈钢激光焊接接头组织及力学性能研究

采用光纤激光对304奥氏体不锈钢进行焊接,获得成型良好的激光焊接接头,利用光学显微镜、超景深、显微硬度计等分析检测手段,对304不锈钢焊接接头的微观组织特点、力学性能及断口特征进行了研究并进行相应的分析.结果表明,在激光焊接过程中,由于焊缝冷却速度较快,焊缝组织主要以垂直于熔合线的柱状晶的形态存在,焊缝中心组织以等轴晶为主,热影响区不明显;接头硬度分布不均匀,焊缝处硬度最高,热影响区未发生明显软化;焊接接头抗拉强度为711.5MPa,接头拉伸后断于焊缝,拉伸性能达母材拉伸性能的97.5％,可应用于各种工程.     

5CrMnMo热作模具的堆焊修复研究

针对5CrMnMo热作模具,选用D397和D337焊条作为堆焊材料,采用直流反接法对其进行手工电弧焊修复.并利用金相显微镜和显微硬度仪观察、测试并分析不同焊接工艺条件下堆焊层的组织形貌、性能和硬度,得出选用D397焊条,可以获得性能优良的焊接接头的结论.     

3A21铝合金激光焊与激光-氩弧焊复合焊微观组织及性能比较研究

采用激光焊接与激光-氩弧焊复合焊接2种方式对厚度为2mm的3A21铝合金板材进行对接焊,研究2种焊接方式下焊接接头微观组织、缺陷分布及硬度分布的不同。实验结果显示激光-氩弧复合焊接接头相比激光焊的接头显微组织更细密,且气孔数量明显减少。激光焊接接头的平均显微硬度与复合焊接头平均显微硬度相差不大,分别为52HV左右及51.3HV左右,均明显高于基体平均显微硬度值43HV。     

激光焊接接头的质量控制研究

激光焊接高强度镀锌钢时,采用引弧板和接弧板的方法,可以避免不稳定的熔宽变化造成的不良影响。由于激光焊接时工件表面镀锌层的蒸发而影响接头的耐蚀性,为此采用浓度为3%的盐水对不同激光焊接工艺的焊接件进行腐蚀试验,获得了腐蚀前后的焊接接头的质量变化量和金相图。研究表明,在不同工艺参数的条件下,激光焊接高强度镀锌钢焊接接头的腐蚀速度不同,其平均速度与母材的腐蚀速度大体相当,不会影响接头的抗腐蚀性能。     

应用激光堆焊技术对磨损轴件的修复工艺

采用激光堆焊技术及自动送粉工艺进行了轴件修复实验。采用为检验激光修复的性能，对相同条件下(材料、工艺等)获得的试样进行了性能测试。用金相显微镜分析了堆焊层及过渡区的金相组织，用HXD-1000显微硬度仪测试了堆焊层的显微硬度。     

1Cr18Ni9Ti激光焊接工艺

研究了激光焊接输出功率、焊接速度、离焦量等工艺参数对焊接深度及焊接宽度的影响.实验分析结果表明,1Cr18Ni9Ti采用一定范围的激光焊接工艺参数可以获得窄而深、热影响区较小的接头宏观形貌.实验结果对不锈钢激光焊接的生产应用有一定的参考意义.     

激光焊接对镀锌平板力学性能及拉伸断口影响研究

采用光纤激光对海工装备中的镀锌平板进行焊接,对镀锌平板焊接接头母材区、热影响区、焊缝区的微观硬度进行测量,研究了焊接试样的拉伸性能和断口形貌。结果表明,激光焊接接头的强度和硬度均高于母材。焊缝区接头组织获得了低碳马氏体,因而接头硬度不及热影响区高。     

激光焊接对镀锌平板力学性能及拉伸断口影响研究

采用光纤激光对海工装备中的镀锌平板进行焊接,对镀锌平板焊接接头母材区、热影响区、焊缝区的微观硬度进行测量,研究了焊接试样的拉伸性能和断口形貌。结果表明,激光焊接接头的强度和硬度均高于母材。焊缝区接头组织获得了低碳马氏体,因而接头硬度不及热影响区高。     

高频微振条件下激光焊接组织研究

为了研究振动工艺在激光焊接方面的应用,选用工业纯铁为研究对象,进行不同激光焊接参数与振动频率下的高频微振光纤激光焊接,达到优化接头成形,提高焊接质量的目的。利用超景深显微镜观察焊接接头宏观形貌,利用扫描电镜分析接头微观组织,利用显微硬度计测量焊接接头显微硬度分布。结果表明:在高频微振激光焊接中,施加振动可增加焊接接头熔深。焊缝晶粒细化,表现为振动频率越快,晶粒越细小。振动加速度可以作为振幅的替代参量;当振动频率与材料本身固有振动频率相近时,振动加速度越大,晶粒细化作用不明显。当激光功率为3 000 W、离焦量为-10 mm、焊接速度为1.2 m/min、振动频率为118 Hz、振动加速度为36.1 m/s~2时,焊接接头的整体平均显微硬度由无振动条件下的273.3 HV降低到244.6 HV,且组织晶粒细化最明显。     

光纤激光焊接ANSI304不锈锅中厚板工艺参数研究

随着海工装备和核电工业的发展,对不锈钢厚板的焊接要求越来越高。采用正交试验方法对6mm厚的ANSI304不锈钢进行光纤激光拼焊,研究了工艺参数（包括激光功率、焊接速度和离焦量）变化对304不锈钢（0Crl9Ni9）焊接结果的影响,结合激光深熔焊原理对试验结果进行了理论分析,并对焊接试件进行了拉伸试验,检测了焊接试件的拉伸性能,获得了6mm厚’ANSI304不锈钢激光焊接的最佳工艺参数。     

Parameters optimization and objective trend analysis for fiber laser keyhole welding based on Taguchi-FEA

This paper proposes an integrated method for process parameters optimization and objective analysis in the fiber laser keyhole welding based on Taguchi and finite element method (FEA). The Taguchi-FEA framework is established and applied for the objective of increasing the ratio of weld penetration to width (P/W) in the welded joints. Numerical simulations are incorporated into identifying the desired responses and the process parameters effects on the objective without consuming time, materials, and labor effort. To validate the effectiveness of the integration methodology, the fiber laser keyhole welding of the hot-dip galvanized dual phase sheet (GA-DP590) has been carried out in this paper. The three process parameters, laser power (LP), welding speed (WS), and focal position (FP), have been taken into consideration during the optimization process. The optimized results are confirmed, and trend of the objective variation near the optimal process parameters is analyzed by the numerical simulation. The corresponding microstructure, phase transformation and microhardness variation of the optimized weld bead are also calculated. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is reliable and effective for improving the quality of welded joints in the practical production level.     

钛合金裂纹激光修复工艺研究

采用CO2激光器对TC2钛合金板材进行焊接,通过显微组织、显微硬度对比,优化工艺参数,获得了焊缝外形平整、组织细密、变形小的焊接接头,实现了TC2钛合金的激光精密焊接.激光焊焊缝区的组织较均匀,为典型网篮组织,热影响区较窄,为等轴晶.晶粒度在热影响区较高,从焊缝到基材呈先升后降趋势.焊缝中心显微硬度可达HV420,高于基体约HV80,热影响区的硬度最低,约为HV300～330.     

Effects of laser shock processing on mechanical properties of laser welded ANSI 304 stainless steel joint

With the rapid development of engineering component with integration,high-speed and multi-parameter,traditional techniques haven’t met practical needs in extreme service environment.Laser welding,a new welding technology,has been widely used.However,it would generate the drop of mechanical properties for laser welded joint due to its thermal effect.Laser shock processing(LSP) is one of the most effective methods to improve the mechanical properties of laser welded ANSI 304 stainless steel joint.In this paper,the effects of LSP on the mechanical properties of laser welded ANSI 304 stainless steel joint have been investigated.The welded joint on the front of the tensile samples is treated by LSP impacts,and the overlapping rate of the laser spot is 50%.The tensile test of the laser welded joint with and without LSP impacts is carried out,and the fracture morphology of the tensile samples is analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM).Compared with the yield strength of 11.70 kN,the tensile strength of 37.66 kN,the yield-to-tensile strength ratio of 0.310 7,the elongation of 25.20%,the area reduction of 32.68% and the elastic modulus of 13 063.876 MPa,the corresponding values after LSP impacts are 14.25 kN,38.74 kN,0.367 8,26.58%,42.29% and 14 754.394 MPa,respectively.Through LSP impacts,the increasing ratio of the yield strength and tensile strength are 121.79% and 102.87%,respectively;the elongation and area reduction are improved by 5.48% and 29.38%,respectively.By comparing with coarse fracture surface of the welded joint,the delamination splitting with some cracks in the sharp corner of the welded joint and asymmetric dimples,LSP can cause brighter fracture surface,and finer and more uniform dimples.Finally,the schematic illustration of dimple formation with LSP is clearly described.The proposed research ensures that the LSP technology can clearly improve the yield strength,tensile strength,yield-to-tensile strength ratio,elongation,area reduction and elastic modulus of the welded joint.The enhancement mechanism of LSP on laser welded ANSI 304 stainless steel joint is mainly due to the fact that the refined and uniform dimples effectively delay the fracture of laser welded joints.     

含孔洞缺陷焊接接头电磁热强化及组织与性能分析

通过自制的ZL-2型超强脉冲放电装置对含孔洞缺陷的A356铝合金焊接接头进行了电磁热强化实验,采用金相显微镜对强化前后焊接接头各区域微观组织和孔洞附近组织进行了对比分析,利用微机控制万能实验机对强化前后试件的拉伸性能进行了测试,并用SEM扫描电镜对拉伸断口进行了分析,采用型号为FM-700的显微硬度计对强化前后试件进行了硬度测试。结果表明:合适的脉冲电流有较好的晶粒细化效果,强化后的焊接接头各区域组织得到细化,焊接接头的力学性能得到改善,经脉冲放电后的抗拉强度平均提高了11%,延伸率平均提高了14.2%,且强化后接头的硬度明显较强化前高。     

Half-transient liquid phase diffusion welding: An approach for diffusion welding of SiCp/A356 with Cu interlayer

Aluminum matrix composite SiC_p/A356 was welded by half-transient liquid Phase diffusion welding (HTLPDW) with a Cu interlayer. The effects of welding parameters and interlayer thickness on the properties of the welded joint were investigated, and the optimal welding parameters were subsequently put forward. The relationship between the tensile strength of the joint and the microstructure was studied by analyzing the microstructure of joint using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA). Results confirmed the success of welding aluminum matrix composite SiC_p/A356 utilizing HTLPDW method with a Cu interlayer. Shorter welding time was a prominent characteristic of HTLPDW as compared with conventional transient liquid phase (TLP) diffusion welding. Furthermore, its welded joints had a tensile strength almost 72% of its parent matrix composites, evidently signifying the suitable application of half-transient liquid phase diffusion welding in welding composite engineering structures.     

两级加载下ST12点焊接头的疲劳累积损伤

近几十年来,关于点焊问题,国内外学者从焊接性、影响因素到拉伸疲劳特性等方面展开了大量试验及理论研究,进行了一些关于强度问题的理论研究分析。本文以承受拉剪作用的ST12点焊接头作为研究对象,通过两级加载试验,分析了载荷顺序、平均应力和过载效应等因素对电焊接头寿命的影响。     

机械振动对激光焊接接头组织的影响

振动焊接工艺能有效细化接头组织晶粒,降低残余应力,提高焊接质量。为了研究振动焊接工艺在激光焊接方面的应用,选用316不锈钢作为试验材料,利用机械振动辅助激光焊接的工艺方法,通过改变机械振动参数和焊接速度,利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察焊后接头组织,对比分析不同振动频率和焊接速度下接头的微观组织形貌。结果表明,机械振动可以细化焊后组织中形成的柱状晶,使柱状枝晶破碎且向不同方向生长,晶轴间与焊缝中心处的等轴晶增加。提高焊接速度后,振动的加入能够细化焊缝区出现的粗大柱状晶。同时,振动可以减少焊后在奥氏体基体晶界处形成的网状高温铁素体和点状碳化物,使其趋于弥散。试验还对焊接接头进行显微硬度测试,发现振动焊接下得到的焊缝区接头组织硬度较高,且较高共振频率下硬度增加明显。