用CMOS工艺实现非接触IC卡天线的集成化设计

论述了用CMOS工艺实现非接触式IC卡天线的集成化需要考虑的各个方面,建立了集成天线的模型,给出了合理的设计方案,并通过实验验证了模型和设计方案.实验结果表明,采用片上天线完全可以提供非接触式IC卡工作所需要的能量.在频率为2 2 .5 MHz、感应强度为6×10 - 4 T的磁场中,面积为2 m m×2 mm的集成天线可以为10 kΩ的负载提供1.2 2 5 m W的能量.     

基于FM1702的非接触式读写模块设计

介绍了基于复旦微电子的FM1702SL微嵌入非接触式IC卡读写模块的设计方法.其中,首先简要介绍了FM1702SL特性以及系统的组成,接着给出了天线的设计规范,具体阐述了基于FM1702SL与单片机LPC931的非接触式IC卡读写模块的硬件电路设计和软件开发方法,给出了硬件接口电路和对Mifare非接触式IC卡的操作流程.     

无线非接触式IC卡的一般性能

接触式IC卡经数年推广后，又一代新科技成果非接触式IC卡悄悄向您走来，并首先在交通消费领域应用成功。它继承了IC卡大容量、高安全性的优点，克服了接触式IC卡寿命短、故障率高和操作不便的弱点，因而倍受关注。无线非接触式IC卡是电子技术与微电脑芯片技术相结合的产物。主要使用电磁耦合，如变压器磁芯与线圈的耦合；中波段天线接收如射频技术等感应式传输原理。卡分为有源和无源两种。IC卡内部组成除存储器芯片外，还包含数据转换部件、线圈或天线、电池和发送接收模拟电路。一、一般性能1．IC卡的有关性能（以东芝公司和飞利浦…     

虽有家财万贯 不如金卡傍身(五)——非接触式IC卡分类及其工作原理

<正> 非接触式IC卡(俗称感应卡或射频卡)的发展历史仅十余年,至今已成功地应用在经济、行政、通讯等许多场合,特别是公交行业、卫生保健、身份识别、小区管理等,非接触式IC卡有着磁卡和接触式IC卡不可比拟的优点,所以非接触式IC卡一经问世,便立即引起广泛的关注,并以惊人的速度得到推广应用。现在,非接触式IC卡已经完全可以取代磁卡和部分取代使用不便的接触式IC卡,特别是一些要求安全性能高、保密性能强、便利使用的应用场所。非接触式IC卡以其“非我莫属”的非凡能力,代表了整个刷卡领域的发展方向。 非接触式IC卡发展优势 非接触式IC卡与磁卡相比较:磁卡结构简单、存储容量小、安全保密性能差、读写设备复杂且维护费用高。非接触式IC卡不仅刷卡方便,而且使用寿命长、工作安全、性能可靠、存储容量大、可一卡多用、读写机构比磁卡读写机构简单可靠、造价便宜、维护方便、容易推广。 非接触式IC卡在继承了接触式IC卡优点的同时,如大容量、高安全性等,又克服了接触式IC卡所无法避免的缺点,如读写故障率高,由于触点外露而导致的污染、损伤、磨损、静电以及插卡需要认清卡片的正反面和方位等使用不便的读写过     

非接触式IC卡的维修

非接触式IC卡又称射频卡,主要用于公交、地铁的自动收费系统,也应用在门禁管理、身份证明和电子钱包等方面。该卡由IC芯片、感应天线组成,并完全密封在一个标准PVC卡片中。非接触式IC卡通过内置的天线从读卡器获得电源,再进行数据通信。目前该卡已广泛使用,有着稳定可靠的效果,但是当保管不当或者卡片被过度弯折时,会造成卡片失效,其原因是卡片内置的天线被折断了。     

非接触式IC卡技术及其发展和应用

本文在IC卡的发展及其类型的基础上,从非接触式IC卡与接触式IC卡性能比较的角度出发,介绍了非接触式IC卡的工作原理,并着重讨论了射频技术、封装技术、低功耗技术以及安全性技术等若干关于非接触式IC卡的关键技术。最后,以门禁系统为例,介绍了非接触式IC卡技术的应用。     

非接触式IC卡技术及其发展和应用

本文在IC卡的发展及其类型的基础上，从非接触式IC卡与接触式IC卡性能比较的角度出发，介绍了非接触式IC卡的工作原理，并着重讨论了射频技术、封装技术、低功耗技术以及安全性技术等若干关于非接触式IC卡的关键技术。最后，以门禁系统为例，介绍了非接触式IC卡技术的应用。     

非接触式IC卡电源产生电路原理与设计

文中所述电源产生电路是针对非接触式IC卡而设计,是卡内RF接口电路的关键技术.它在卡的正常工作距离(＜10 cm)内,对从读卡器耦合的电磁波信号进行整流、滤波、稳压,从中获得持续稳定的直流工作电源电压,以维持卡内电路正常工作需要.并采用1.2 μm工艺模型,用Hspice对电路进行模拟,可以得到3.5 V的直流工作电源电压,成功解决了非接触式卡内没有电源系统,需要由读卡器通过无线方式供电的问题.     

基于单片机的非接触式IC卡读卡器设计

鉴于现今非接触式IC卡应用的领域愈加广泛,为使非接触式IC卡能更为普及,本文提出了一套易于实现、成本较低,以MIFARE卡为识别对象的基于AT89C52单片机的非接触式IC卡读卡器的设计方案。首先,该方案以51单片机为控制核心构成主控模块,MFRC531专用芯片为读写模块。其次,RS485通信电路构成通信转换模块,与PC机构成管理系统;LCD显示电路和矩阵键盘电路构成人机接口模块,实现人机交互;7805稳压电路构成电源模块,提供芯片稳定直流电源。此外,该读卡器系统提供了最基础的内核,可以通过添加其他特定的外围电路应用于学校一卡通、门禁、公交等场合。最后,该方案经实际电路测试显示,能实现对MIFARE卡进行识别读写操作,并能与PC管理机形成可靠的数据库,同时降低了读卡器的设计难度和成本。     

基于FM1702N的射频识别系统的开发

射频识别(RFID)技术是最近发展起来的一种新的自动识别技术。他是一种利用无线信道实现双向通信的识别技术。非接触式IC射频卡成功地解决了无源(卡中无电源)和免接触这一难题,非接触式IC卡已经在越来越多的领域内出现,对射频卡的开发应用具有一定的现实意义。介绍了一种基于复旦微电子有限公司的FM1702N芯片的射频识别系统。阐述了该系统的RF接口电路设计以及天线的设计,分析非接触式IC卡系统的通信协议,完成了软件编制。该系统目前电路运行稳定,可以应用于各种射频识别系统中。     

A new contactless smart card IC using an on-chip antenna and anasynchronous microcontroller

This paper describes a new generation of contactless smart card chip which integrates an on-chip coil connected to a power reception system and an emitter/receiver module compatible with the ISO 14443 standard, together with an asynchronous quasi-delay insensitive (QDI) 8-bit microcontroller. Beyond the contactless smart card application field, this new chip demonstrates that system-on-chip integrating power reception and management, radio-frequency communication, and signal processing is feasible. It associates analog/digital parts as well as synchronous/asynchronous logics and has been fabricated in a CMOS six metal layers 0.25-μm technology from STMicroelectronics     

A Platform‐Based SoC Design of a 32‐Bit Smart Card

In this paper, we describe the development of a platform‐based SoC of a 32‐bit smart card. The smart card uses a 32‐bit microprocessor for high performance and two cryptographic processors for high security. It supports both contact and contactless interfaces, which comply with ISO/IEC 7816 and 14496 Type B. It has a Java Card OS to support multiple applications. We modeled smart card readers with a foreign language interface for efficient verification of the smart card SoC. The SoC was implemented using 0.25 µm technology. To reduce the power consumption of the smart card SoC, we applied power optimization techniques, including clock gating. Experimental results show that the power consumption of the RSA and ECC cryptographic processors can be reduced by 32% and 62%, respectively, without increasing the area.     

Disposable smart lab on a chip for point-of-care clinical diagnostics

This paper presents the development of a disposable plastic biochip incorporating smart passive microfluidics with embedded on-chip power sources and integrated biosensor array for applications in clinical diagnostics and point-of-care testing. The fully integrated disposable biochip is capable of precise volume control with smart microfluidic manipulation without costly on-chip microfluidic components. The biochip has a unique power source using on-chip pressurized air reservoirs, for microfluidic manipulation, avoiding the need for complex microfluidic pumps. In addition, the disposable plastic biochip has successfully been tested for the measurements of partial oxygen concentration, glucose, and lactate level in human blood using an integrated biosensor array. This paper presents details of the smart passive microfluidic system, the on-chip power source, and the biosensor array together with a detailed discussion of the plastic micromachining techniques used for chip fabrication. A handheld analyzer capable of multiparameter detection of clinically relevant parameters has also been developed to detect the signals from the cartridge type disposable biochip. The handheld analyzer developed in this work is currently the smallest analyzer capable of multiparameter detection for point-of-care testing.     

无线射频卡的原理与应用

线射频卡在日常生活中得到广泛应用,它工作在近距离范围内,通过天线的电感耦合方式获取能量,在智能卡天线和读卡器之间交换数据。以BL75R06SM芯片为例介绍射频卡的优点、基本组成、工作原理和应用。     

一种宽电源锁相环电路的设计与实现

在片内无电源调整电路的条件下，通过电路优化，设计并实现了一种在2．5～5．5V宽电源下稳定工作的锁相环(PLL)。测试结果较好地反映了设计的正确性，并提出了改进意见。     

A 2.4-GHz printed meander-line antenna for USB WLAN with notebook-PC housing

A 2.4-GHz meander-line antenna printed on a USB-WLAN card is presented for WLAN applications. The HFSS 3-D EM simulator is employed for design simulation. The printed meander-line antenna is realized on a FR-4 PCB substrate. The measured VSWR is less than 2 from 2.4 to 2.5 GHz. Besides different orientations, the meander-line antenna printed on a simulated USB-WLAN card was attached to the side wall of a notebook-PC to investigate the PC housing effects on the antenna radiation patterns.     

A Fully Differential Monolithic LNA With On-Chip Antenna for a Short Range Wireless Receiver

This letter presents the smallest reported 5 GHz receiver chip (1.3 mm²) with an on-chip antenna in standard 0.13 mum CMOS process. The miniaturization is achieved by placing the circuits inside a meandered antenna. The on-chip antenna is conjugately matched to the low noise amplifier (LNA) over a wide frequency range. The design methodology for co-design of the on-chip antenna and LNA is described. The LNA is completely differential, consumes only 8 mW of power and provides a gain of 21 dB. Design tradeoffs and measurement challenges are given.     

Smart antenna based broadcasting in wireless ad hoc networks

Smart antennas have the advantage over traditional omnidirectional antennas of being able to orientate radio signals into the concerned directions in either transmission mode or in reception mode. Since the omnidirectional antenna use in broadcasting over the whole network is the source of an excessive redundancy of broadcast packet receptions within each node, we suggest using smart antennas to improve the medium usage in the case of broadcasting. We propose to adapt a current broadcast protocol to smart antenna applications and present two smart antenna broadcast approaches. We also present a comparative performance study between omnidirectional and smart antennas when broadcasting. We show that we can improve battery power utilisation and bandwidth usage with smart antennas.     

灵巧噪声干扰与旁瓣消隐技术关系探讨

对灵巧噪声干扰概念的表述提出了质疑。基于匹配滤波器理论对灵巧噪声干扰的本质含义进行了分析。对灵巧噪声干扰与旁瓣消隐技术的关系进行了探讨。文中指出:对于旁瓣消隐技术消隐旁瓣干扰的作用,灵巧噪声干扰没有影响;对于利用旁瓣消隐封闭雷达,采取灵巧噪声干扰可以在一定程度降低对于干扰功率的要求,但对于主天线主瓣增益与辅助天线增益之差造成的对于干扰功率的要求没有影响;雷达为应对灵巧噪声干扰,应进一步压低主天线旁瓣,以增大主天线主瓣增益与辅助天线增益之差,使得敌方即使采用灵巧噪声干扰,也很难或不能封闭雷达。     

基于SIMOX的低功耗智能卡芯片技术

利用SIMOX材料制作智能卡是一种新的技术。简要介绍了一种智能卡的发展及应用，并描述了利用SOI（SIMOX）技术制作的一种新型智能卡芯片，概述了其优点，分析了现存的问题，并对这种芯片的发展前景作了分析。