生态墓园的规划设计及价值体现

当前,土地资源日趋匾乏,在提倡"绿色殡葬,节约土地"的社会背景下,本文提出,墓地园林化是我国墓园建设的必由之路。生态墓园的规划继承了传统的历史文脉,又反映时代文化特征,除了基本的殡葬功能之外还具有生态、文化传承、文化教育、休闲等多重功能,使其成为逝者的净土,生者的净园。本文分析其研究背景、生态墓园规划的对策、生态墓园建设的价值,并指出树葬墓区和草坪墓区是适合我国国情的两种生态葬式,以及墓地如何再利用,如何有效提升公墓用地的利用价值。     

城市生态墓园景观设计研究

当前,传统墓园无法适应城市生态建设发展需要,生态墓园作为现代城市功能不可或缺的一部分,逐渐得到公共认可。以城市生态墓园为研究对象,通过文献研究与典型案例分析法,总结我国城市墓园现存问题,探究城市生态墓园景观设计策略与内容,赋予墓园更多的新功能与新价值,以期展现多元生态的新型城市墓园发展前景,并引导生态文明殡葬习俗,使之真正建设成为"人生的后花园"。     

开拓墓园文化 创新墓园设计：新洲道观河墓园总体规划论证纪略

开拓墓园文化创新墓园设计──新洲道观河墓园总体规划论证纪略刘少华１９９４年１月２０日武汉天乐陵园大化公司邀请在汉的部分文化、建筑、园林界的知名专家、学者就新洲县道观河风景式文化墓园详规草案进行了讨论。黄树业教授从四个方面介绍了该墓园的总体规划：１陵园...     

不可忽视墓园文化

墓葬与园林的结合,可以称之为墓园。古代所谓陵园和公墓都是国君专用的,庶人安得共之?现代则是陵园供烈士用,公墓供干部和群众用。墓园是一个中性的词儿,于诸色人等无不相宜。现代的中国,对墓园文化似乎不甚经心,这是时代风尚所决安的,不能怪建筑学界和园林学界。于是乎,有两个极端并存:一是以革命为宗旨的薄葬,可以薄到骨灰撒尽,形迹灭绝的境界;二是以金钱的主宰的厚葬,可以厚到尚在年富力强之时就备办了号为超级豪华而实为超级庸俗的墓园的地步。对前者,可     

拉雪兹神父公墓影响下的美国乡村墓园

美国墓园景观作为现代公园运动的一个前奏,对后来的公园运动兴起和发展创造了宝贵的条件,在现代景观史上具有重要的研究意义和价值。法国拉雪兹公墓以其抒情般的宁静氛围,田园牧歌式的景观以及经典雕塑纪念碑成为墓园景观的一个楷模,从一定程度上深深影响了美国乡村墓园景观的产生和发展。本文主要介绍了美国墓园景观产生建设初期对拉雪兹公墓的借鉴和自我演变过程,并且从中分析对比其特点。     

关于打造城市生态墓园园林化的设计研究

基于生态墓园园林化与中国传统历史文化相结合的设计理念,从总体布局、功能分区、景观布局等方面,阐述了生态园林化墓园的规划策略,从而实现城市墓园的生态性、景观性、艺术性及文化性。     

城市公墓发展规划编制方法研究——以《桂林市公墓发展总体规划》为例

公墓是为制度化下葬行为而提供的场所,对人们有着特殊且重要的意义。公墓由于其特殊的性质和对周边区域的影响,其规划需从制度、环境、社会和文化等多个角度展开。《桂林市公墓发展总体规划》在分析桂林市公墓现状和发展情况的基础上,探讨了具体的规划方法,包括规划定性分析、需求预测分析和用地空间分析,对桂林市墓园进行定位,确定发展目标,指导其公墓建设。     

论现代墓园的生态化设计

文章以现代墓园为研究对象,以殡葬文化和生态设计为研究线索,解读墓园文化,探讨现代墓园的规划设计原则及发展趋势。墓园从传统简单的墓碑罗列到作为城市绿地规划设计,概念上有了质的飞跃。它由单一性向多功能性转变,除了基本的殡葬功能外,还具有生态、文化传承、文化教育、休闲等诸多功能。文章指出,墓园存在的本质是满足人们精神需求,墓园的精神功能远胜于实际的物质功能,因此,其规划设计应遵循情感化设计原则。     

在生态自然观视野中探求现代墓园设计

该文针对现代基园面临的生态问题,从生态自然观视野阐释了墓园的设计理念以及发展生态化墓园的重要意义,为墓园的生态化设计提供一定的借鉴作用,从而契合了城市可持续发展的全球共识。     

天堂花园——澳大利亚及日本优秀墓园景观

正清明节将至,想必有不少人赶往墓园纪念先人,然而墓园并不一定是我们所看到的肃穆的样子,它其实可以像花园一样,甚至比花园更美丽。本文介绍的并非如巴黎的拉雪兹神父公墓、维也纳的中央陵园、俄罗斯的新圣女公墓等有众多名人安葬的墓园,而是一些有着先进设计理念以及独特绿化景观的普通墓园,但同样很美。     

Equality in death: Sigurd Lewerentz and the planning of Malmö Eastern Cemetery 1916–1973

The exponential growth of industrialized cities at the turn of the twentieth century led town planners and architects in Sweden to design new cemeteries and engage in the discussion with novel approaches to commemoration. Malmö Eastern Cemetery (1916–1973) was designed by Sigurd Lewerentz (1885–1975) and represented an ambitious experiment: a new scale of cemetery landscape, which involved planting vegetation anew and detracted from sweeping picturesque designs. This paper analyses how Lewerentz's approach to the equality of individual tombstones affected his design of Malmö Eastern Cemetery, both in terms of burial spaces for individuals and the commemorative public realm. Based on archival research and field work, this paper delves into the interplay between the cemetery designers and the different urban planners of Malmö over a period of dramatic transformation in the eastern districts of the increasingly industrialized city. Although Lewerentz initially differentiated between tombstones, after 1922 he reconsidered his cemetery plans, setting standards that made commemoration accessible to everyone while limiting individual choices. Lewerentz's homogenizing decisions in planning Malmö cemetery provide a lens through which to examine how equality has shaped discussions around commemoration, representing ideals of societies across history and the underlying tensions between individual freedom and society.     

关于城市周边陵园设计的思考

从设计理念、设计思路、设计手法和设计原则几方面为现代陵园的建设提供了一种比较现代的观点,指出一个好的墓园就是一个城市的编年史,陵园建设是"社会亲和力"营造和文化产业发展的重要内容之一.     

浅谈创造地域特色的墓园景观——以宁波同泰嘉陵墓园改造规划设计为例

从传统简单的墓碑罗列转换成了作为风景规划的墓园,墓园景观的含义已经有了质的飞跃.墓园不仅局限于传统的埋葬骨灰的功能,还承载了缓解祭祀人群的哀伤情绪,寄托生者对逝者的思念之情,在一定程度上还起到了传承地方文化的作用.该文通过对宁波同泰嘉陵墓园景观分析,阐述了新型基因景观建设中地域文化的运用.设计探寻园林景观与建筑、现代风...     

大众的安息之地--福州皇天华人永久陵园规划设计

介绍福州皇天华人永久陵园规划设计构思,从尊重自然,注重功能性,整体性和个性等方面探讨现代陵园建筑创作。     

江陵殡仪馆规划设计断想

通过殡仪馆规划设计实践,主张采用园林化殡葬建筑形制,改革落后的土葬与变相土葬方式,保护生态环境可持续发展。     

公墓体系规划编制内容和技术标准探讨——以南京市为例

从规划需要解决的实际问题出发,参考不同类型的同层次规划,本文初步构建了公墓体系规划的编制内容.在公墓体系规划编制内容的基础上,通过法规规章梳理、实证案例总结和民意问卷调查等三种途径,建立了包括三大类九小类的公墓体系规划技术标准体系,为进一步探索具有全国示范效应的公墓体系规划的技术标准提供了借鉴.     

中国殡葬文化及现代墓园景观规划设计初探

现代墓园是指在城市周边开发的,满足社会公众墓葬需要的,以企业性质经营的大众墓园.在我国现代墓园的景观规划设计和当代殡葬习俗一直受到传统殡葬文化的深刻影响.而殡葬文化发展到今天,应当使之人文化,泯灭对死亡与基地的恐惧.墓园设计者应使墓园公园化,倡导墓志文化.天津东华林陵墓园规划设计正反映了这一时代特征,为后辈儿孙营造了淡化生死、淡化贫富、淡化贵贱、净化灵魂、美化生活的胜地名区.     

把墓葬文化融入旅游区景点建设之中：兼介新洲县道观河墓园规划的构想

作者在文中阐释了当前我国新型公墓建设的社会意义及探索有关规划设计的重要性迫切性，扼要地介绍了湖北新洲县道观河公墓的规划构想，以及专家们对此的论证意见；文中还提出了一些可资探究的问题。     

Green urban cemeteries: more than just parks

Inspired of Lefebvre’s and De Certau’s perspectives on social production of space, this study aims to explore cemeteries’ functions in urban life nowadays. Our starting point is that green urban cemeteries have two main functions: their primary purpose is as a burial ground, while their secondary function is as public spaces for reflections, recreation, and cultural encounters. We ask for whom the cemeteries are designed and managed, and in what ways they are actually used. To explore these questions, qualitative data from two cemeteries in Oslo is analyzed. Both visitors and people passing through the sites were interviewed during the summer of 2014 about their intention to be at the cemetery and their views about the place. We point to a series of positive measures rather than forbidden signs that should be instigated to help promoting the great potential green urban cemeteries have for citizens and a future sustainable city.     

Intentions for the recreational use of public landscaped cemeteries in Taiwan

From 1976 to 1985, the government of Taiwan aggressively implemented public cemetery beautification projects in order to change the notorious image of the traditional cemetery. This study examined Taipei residents' attitudes towards and intentions for the recreational use of public landscaped cemeteries. In addition, the effects of the components of the Theory of Planned Behavior on recreational intention were examined. The findings suggested that the intentions of Taipei residents to engage in recreational activities at public landscaped cemeteries were moderate. The results of factor analysis indicated that three dimensions were embodied in the participants' attitudes. They were labeled as 'behavioral potential', 'beneficial attribute', and 'emotional response'. The results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis suggested that the three attitudinal components and subjective norm were significant in predicting recreational intention, but perceived behavioral control was not significant. The addition of subjective norm and perceived behavioral control failed to contribute to the variance.