Design patterns in telecommunications system architecture

The telephone network could be called the world's first distributed computing network. People in telecommunications treat as second nature many of the issues just surfacing in other problem domains. This article describes some of the techniques used in the telecommunications industry to deal with highly distributed high-reliability systems. A number of recurring patterns are identified and used to describe the design of the telecommunications network and its components     

ATD-specific network management functions and TMN architecture

The paper deals with the ATM (asynchronous transfer mode)-specific functions of source policing and connection acceptance control and their relationship to network management. The aspects of ATM-specific network management are based on the results achieved by the RACE project R1022, `Technology for ATD'. It is shown how these functions can be implemented according to the TMN (telecommunications management network) architecture suggested by the RACE project GUIDELINE (R1003). The interaction between these functions and other network management functions is discussed and the interaction of these functions with the management layers is presented in a way which is not dependent on the specific algorithms used for source policing and connection acceptance control     

Cognitive radio architecture evolution: annals of telecommunications

Cognitive radio research has developed dynamic radio spectrum management to enhance spectrum efficiency, e.g., as secondary users in unused TV bands. The location and user context of the mobile wireless user that regulatory bodies and lawmakers view as significant to spectrum interference policies have not been addressed as thoroughly. In addition, quality of service (QoS) provides a starting point but does not guarantee quality of experience (QoE) that depends on quality of information (QoI) which is a function of place, time, and user state in a social setting (e.g., commuting, shopping, or in need of medical assistance). This paper considers the evolution of cognitive radio architecture (CRA) from dynamic spectrum access (DSA) to QoE via an interdisciplinary perspective. Machine perception in visual, acoustic, speech, and text domains can cue the automatic detection of user state in stereotypical situations, enabling cognitive nodes and networks to select from among radio bands and modes more appropriately, thus enabling cognitive wireless networks (CWNs) to deliver higher QoE within technical policy constraints, in a way that makes cost-effective use of embedded and distributed computational intelligence. The control of networks of such cognitive radios requires advances in policy language architectures, so this paper introduces cognitive linguistics for policy languages.     

Telecommunications management network (TMN) architecture andinterworking designs

The authors discuss data communications networks (DCNs) used by operating telephone companies to interconnect large numbers of telecommunications network elements with operations systems and workstations to support and manage telecommunications networks, referred to by the international telegraph and telephone consultative committee (CCITT) as a telecommunications management network (TMN). The TMNs can include different types of DCNs such as private lines, circuit-switched networks, packet-switched networks, and integrated services digital networks (ISDNs). These can be divided into two classes: connection-mode and connectionless-mode networks. The authors briefly consider TMN concepts and implementation architectures. They then focus on TMN internetworking design alternatives, issues, and protocol stacks, in order to provide data network designers and implementors with the necessary fundamentals in considering and choosing interworking solutions for TMN applications     

基于SOA的IP网管系统间动态协作体系结构

分析了目前在异构环境下IP网络管理系统之间进行动态协作采用的现有协作体系结构的适用范围与不足,提出了以SOA思想为基础构建的IP网管系统间动态协作体系结构,该体系结构将对等分布与集中管理有机结合,实现端到端的跨域动态协作,有效屏蔽了IP网管系统之间的异构性,具有较好的松耦合性和动态协作能力.     

Modeling values for telecommunications management

All decisions are made to pursue the values important to an organization. It is more likely that these values will be achieved if they are made explicit in an understandable and useful way. This paper presents details and examples of how to build a value model for telecommunications management decisions. It includes procedures for building a solid qualitative foundation for the model by identifying the relevant values and structuring them as objectives. Next, the paper describes the theory and procedures for aggregating the objectives into an objective function, and discusses the art of building such a model. The paper concludes by describing several ways in which the value model is useful during the decision-making process     

A view of telecommunications network evolution

While deployment of new network technologies has not been steady over the years, it is useful to take a long-term view of how major new telecommunications infrastructures evolve. Since the beginning of this decade, we have witnessed the emergence of new generations of three major communication networks. This article addresses the market conditions, technology innovations, and services driving the need for intelligent all-optical, 3G wireless, and QoS-based packet networks. Market forces such as traffic and subscriber growth, equipment cost reduction, and new technology penetration have a deep impact on network buildouts. Technology innovations abound, especially in the optical domain. For example, Raman amplification, pure optical switches, and tunable lasers have had a major impact on the architecture of optical networks. Many key services, such as streaming audio and high-quality image transfer, were not possible using wireless access because of its limited bandwidth and performance. With 3G wireless technology, a true mobile Internet will become a reality. Businesses have shied away from the use of the public Internet because of service quality. Thanks to advances in MPLS and service intelligence, this is expected to change. For each type of network, we survey the key factors shaping its evolution and implications on network architectures.     

A novel architecture for queue management in the ATM network

The author presents four architecture designs for queue management in asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks and compares their implementation feasibility and hardware complexity. The author introduces the concept of assigning a departure sequence number to every cell in the queue so that the effect of long-burst traffic on other cells is avoided. A novel architecture to implement the queue management is proposed. It applies the concepts of fully distributed and highly parallel processing to schedule the cells' sending or discarding sequence. To support the architecture, a VLSI chip (called Sequencer), which contains about 150 K CMOS transistors, has been designed in a regular structure such that the queue size and the number of priority levels can grow flexibly     

I2NMA: An intelligent integrated network management architecture

This paper is devoted to the presentation of a new intelligent architecture adapted to network management.     

Evaluation of signalling loads in a cognitive network management architecture

Future networks will need to accommodate a significantly augmented user demand, mainly stemming from the wireless and mobile domains. In general, the emerging radio landscape will comprise multiple, collaborating radio access networks (RANs) able to operate a plethora of diverse radio access technologies (RATs), variant types of mobile terminals (MTs), with the ability to choose among various supported RANs/RATs and, in addition, both devices and networks with dynamic spectrum access capabilities that allow the sharing and/or optimization of spectrum usage among different systems. The above will stress network operators for developing mechanisms to confront the challenges and to leverage the opportunities posed by such a versatile radio environment. In particular, the situation calls for adaptive and flexible management paradigms that are able to dynamically manage network elements and terminals, thus ensuring the great availability and efficient usage of spectrum and other radio resources. Framed within the above, this paper considers a cognitive network management architecture, which is destined for optimized management of future wireless networks operating in versatile radio environments, and presents a performance evaluation methodology, which was set up for measuring the signalling loads that the operation of the architecture will bring to the managed network. The methodology is analytically described, and useful results with respect to the signalling load produced for management signalling purposes in an indicative scenario are presented and analysed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Application level active network (alan) server management architecture

This paper presents the details of the policy-based security and resource management architecture for Application Level Active Network (alan) servers.alan is an active network architecture which enables deployment of user-customised processes (proxylets), which enhance the existing services or introduce new services to the end-user, on the select group of servers in anip network. The issues of security and resource management in this scenario are of crucial importance so as to efficiently facilitate and control the resource consumption of user-specified processes on the active servers, as well as to protect the server platforms from unauthorised proxylet deployment or malevolent behaviour. The architecture allowing efficient resource and security control is presented in this paper, including detaileduml diagrams capturing the management functionality, as well as a set of concrete management policies for thealan scenario. The examplexml policies are also given, and the deployment of this architecture in real-life trials is described. This development forms a part of a larger management architecture foralan-enabled networks developed in the context of theist projectandroid (Active Network DistRibuted Open Infrastructure Development).     

Voice services in the evolving telecommunications network

Telephone services based on stored voice have existed for many years in the guise of the Speaking Clock and other recorded information services. Digital speech storage, computer control and customer signalling, based on automatic speech recognition or multi-frequency keypads, make possible better voice-based information and message services. New voice services equipment that implements some of these facilities has just entered service.     

Building telecommunications management applications with CORBA

CORBA is an architecture for distributing and modeling computing applications. CORBA based network management is certainly an attractive approach, as network management is in essence a distributed application. This article presents a model of Managed Objects as CORBA objects, and how CORBA services and facilities can be used to build management applications. Special attention is paid to the work that has been done in the context of TINA-C (i.e., the session model and the Distributed Management Facilities Architecture).     

Integration of Internet and telecommunications: an architecture forhybrid services

We propose an architecture for hybrid services, i.e., services that span many network technologies, such as the public switched telephone network (PSTN), cellular networks, and networks based on IP. These services will play an important role in the future because they leverage on the existing infrastructures rather than requiring new and sophisticated mechanisms to be deployed. We explore a few issues related to hybrid services and propose a platform as well as a set of components to facilitate their creation and deployment. The existing infrastructure is only required to generate specific events when requests for hybrid services are detected. We present the design of a service layer, based on Java, that handles the treatment of these special requests. Our service layer is provided with a set of generic components realized according to the JavaBeans model. We illustrate the strength of our architecture by discussing two hybrid-service examples: a calendar service and a call forwarding service     

一种基于CORBA和TMN结构的ATM网络管理模型

本文给出了一种基于CORBA和TMN结构的ATM网络管理模型。首先介绍模型的OS结构,并将ATM与其传输网SDH进行集成管理;其次定义了该模型在不同域之间交换信息的接口,即所谓的Xcoop。结果表明该模型能够实现分布式网络管理、保证宽带连接业务的端到端QoS,并且有故障管理和配置管理功能。     

基于移动代理的IP网络管理及其安全机制

相对于传统的网络管理方法，基于移动代理技术的网络管理把智能部分移到原始数据产生的地方，具有灵活、分布、可扩展和容错性好等优点，克服了传统的集中式网络管理的毛病。结合IP网络大量存在SNMP代理的现状，提出了一种基于移动代理的网络管理系统，分析了可能遇到的安全威胁并研究了解决方法。     

分层网络管理结构中管理控制模式选择机制的研究

在对分层网络管理结构模型和管理控制模式分析的基础上，建立了一个基于加权流量比和时延比的管理控制费用模型，提出了一种管理任务级的细粒度混合型管理控制模式动态配置机制，为网络管理人员选择合理的网络管理解决方案提供理论依据。     

The impact of network convergence on telecommunications software

This describes a converged network architecture and then discusses why it needs to be open and programmable and how this can be accomplished. A discussion of two approaches to open/programmable networks-JAIN and Parlay-is provided to highlight the key ideas. The converged network is a key player in e-business and the next-generation applications currently being developed for the growing digital economy. We discuss the role of telecommunications bandwidth trading and application integration in next-generation applications (NGAs) and their relevance to converged networks. Some of the challenges software engineers and programmers can expect to encounter while trying to build these networks are also discussed