组合节点及半连续组合梁的结构性能分析与设计

本文阐述了用来检视、理解和研究组合节点和半连续组合梁的高阶有限元分析模型的最新进展。对这些用来模拟组合节点、半连续组合节点的有限元模型进行了深入的介绍、分析及对比实验论证。此外,本文还检视了栓钉及受拉钢筋的变形对于端板式组合节点及半连续组合梁结构性能的影响。     

组合梁中栓钉受力的有限元模拟分析

本文提出了一个模拟组合梁栓钉受力性能的有限元模型,该模型采用8节点实体单元来模拟混凝土楼板、钢梁与栓钉,压型钢板则采用8节点双曲度壳单元来模拟。该模型充分考虑了荷载及边界约束情况,并假设压型钢板与混凝土楼板之间无相对滑移。本文应用该模型对一系列栓钉推出试验进行了模拟分析,结果表明该有限元模型能精确地模拟组合梁中栓钉的受力性能。此外,本文还研究了无侧向支撑试件在推出试验中的非成熟破坏问题,解释了破坏机理,提出了有效防止方法。     

钢-混凝土组合梁栓钉连接件的性能研究综述

以国内外相关理论、试验研究及设计资料的收集为基础,探讨栓钉剪力连接件的破坏机理,受力特性和影响栓钉承载力主要因素,对栓钉剪力连接件在高强混凝土组合梁中的性能进行了分析.最后,对钢混凝土组合梁中栓钉剪力连接件的设计提出了建议.     

栓钉连接件时变受剪承载力对组合梁施工阶段受力性能的影响

为了对钢-混凝土组合梁施工阶段的受力性能进行准确分析,针对我国常用的隔板式组合梁,通过推出试验研究栓钉连接件受剪承载力随混凝土龄期的变化规律,采用ANSYS有限元分析软件分析栓钉连接件时变受剪承载力对某连续曲线组合梁施工阶段受力性能的影响。分析结果表明：在混凝土龄期很短时栓钉连接件就具有一定的受剪承载力和抗剪刚度,且早期增长快,后期增长慢;混凝土板分段浇筑时组合梁的应力和变形随浇筑时间间隔的增加逐渐减小,在本文实例中,与不考虑浇筑过程中混凝土与钢梁的组合作用时相比,浇筑时间间隔为6 h的组合梁径向变形减小26.5%;与考虑28 d龄期混凝土与钢梁的组合作用时相比,浇筑时间间隔为3 d的组合梁切向应力增大14.2%。因此,当组合梁混凝土板浇筑时间间隔在6 h至3 d之内时,均应采用栓钉连接件的时变受剪承载力来分析浇筑过程中混凝土与钢梁的时变组合作用对组合梁施工阶段受力性能的影响。     

钢—混凝土组合梁单调静力性能有限元分析

利用ANSYS软件建立了钢—混凝土组合梁的有限元模型,并对其进行了非线性分析,通过与试验结果的对比验证了建模方法的正确性,在此基础上,分析了栓钉间距、有效预应力等参数对钢—混凝土组合梁静力性能的影响,以期为钢—混凝土组合梁的设计计算提供指导。     

预应力腹板开洞组合梁非线性有限元分析

为研究预应力腹板开洞组合梁在静载作用下的受力性能,以通用有限元程序ANSYS为平台,提出了用于模拟预应力腹板开洞组合梁非线性全过程受力行为的精细有限元模型,并对预应力腹板开洞组合梁的承载力影响参数(预应力筋布置形式、预应力筋初始张拉力、混凝土板配筋率、栓钉布置)进行了分析。研究结果表明:施加预应力能明显提高腹板开洞组合梁的刚度和承载力,而且扩大了组合梁的弹性承载力;增加混凝土板的配筋率能有效提高组合梁的变形能力并减少混凝土板的裂缝;增加栓钉的数量能减小组合梁的界面滑移,并能提高预应力腹板开洞组合梁的刚度和承载力。     

加栓钉对高应力区插筋SMW工法的影响研究

针对传统高应力区插筋的SMW工法中型钢与水泥土的自然粘结较弱、不足以保证组合梁在大荷载时界面处有足够的共同作用的缺点,提出了在SMW工法型钢翼缘焊接栓钉的方法。并对型钢翼缘侧焊接栓钉的高应力区插筋的SMW工法进行了理论分析和ABAQUS有限元计算。通过理论分析,引入栓钉-水泥土-型钢组合结构概念,并建立了型钢-水泥土-栓钉三者相互作用的结构力学模型和抗弯承载力验算公式;数值计算结果则表明,焊接栓钉后,挡墙侧向位移、型钢位移、交界面的剪切力都比无栓钉情况有较好改善,最后计算并分析了不同栓钉特性对桩体位移、剪切力方面的影响。     

火灾中组合梁-板组件的响应模型

介绍一种立体的有限元模型,可用来评估受重力和火灾荷载的组合梁-板组件的响应。使用有限元分析软件模拟典型梁-板组件在不同剪切条件(栓焊混合连接和全部螺栓连接的双角钢节点)和不同火灾场景下的性能。有限元模型中包含随温度变化的组成材料的热力学性能、连接件和混合作用。使用瞬态时域热应力耦合分析来获得组合梁-板组件的温度分布和变形响应。通过对所预测的和所测量的火灾情况下3个组合梁-板组件热学参数和结构响应参数进行对比,验证了这个有限元模型。通过对比显示,所提出的有限元模型可以很准确地预测梁-板组件的火灾响应。分析研究可知,梁和板的混合作用很大程度上提升了组合梁-板组件的耐火性能。因此,可以推论出所提出的有限元模型可用来评估组合楼板结构火灾响应。     

简支组合梁抗火性能参数研究

采用经试验结果验证的有限元模型,对影响组合梁抗火性能的混凝土板、钢梁、栓钉相关参数,混凝土板中的纵筋参数,钢梁防火保护层相关参数和荷载参数进行分析研究,得出了对组合梁抗火设计有益的结论。     

压型钢板组合梁滑移性能的有限元分析

利用ANSYS有限元软件对压型钢板组合梁模型进行了有限元数值模拟分析,将有限元分析结果与试验结果进行了比较,验证了模型的合理性,利用ANSYS软件对压型钢板组合梁在栓钉布置方式和混凝土板强度影响下交界面的滑移性能进行了探讨.     

预应力钢-混凝土连续组合梁的非线性有限元分析

以六根两跨预应力钢-混凝土连续组合梁的系列试验结果为基础,以通用有限元程序MSC.MARC(2005r2)为平台,提出了用于模拟预应力连续组合梁非线性全过程受力行为的精细有限元模型,并给出了单元选取、材料建模以及整体组装的详细过程。有限元分析基于弹塑性本构模型,能充分考虑材料非线性和几何非线性,反映结构受力全过程中预应力筋内力变化、滑移效应、内力重分布、应力分布、曲率分布以及塑性铰形成等复杂特性,深入揭示了预应力连续组合梁的受力机理和特点。模型计算结果和实测结果以及理论分析结果吻合良好,表现出良好的数值特性。文中模型对于预应力连续组合梁的精细化分析具有较高的精度和广泛的适用性,为研究预应力连续组合梁受力性能提供了强有力的工具。     

Behaviour of headed stud shear connectors for composite steel-concrete beams at elevated temperatures

The behaviour of composite steel-concrete beams at elevated temperatures is an important problem. A three-dimensional push test model is developed herein with a two-dimensional temperature distribution field based on the finite element method (FEM) and which may be applied to steel-concrete composite beams. The motivation for this paper is to increase the awareness of the structural engineering community to the concepts behind composite steel-concrete structural design for fire exposure. The behaviour of reinforced concrete slabs under fire conditions strongly depends on the interaction of the slabs with the surrounding elements which include the structural steel beam, steel reinforcing and shear connectors. This study was carried out to consider the effects of elevated temperatures on the behaviour of composite steel-concrete beams for both solid and profiled steel sheeting slabs. This investigation considers the load-slip relationship and ultimate load behaviour for push tests with a three-dimensional non-linear finite element program ABAQUS. As a result of elevated temperatures, the material properties change with temperature. The studies were compared with experimental tests under both ambient and elevated temperatures. Furthermore, for the elevated temperature study, the models were loaded progressively up to the ultimate load to illustrate the capability of the structure to withstand load during a fire. It is concluded that finite element analysis showed that the shear connector strength under fire exposure was very sensitive. It is also shown that profiled steel sheeting slabs exhibit greater fire resistance when compared with that of a solid slab as a function of their ambient temperature strength.     

基于有限元法的钢-砼连续组合梁截面优化设计

给出了钢-混凝土连续组合梁截面计算机辅助优化设计的有效方法,以有限元结构分析和优化算法相结合为手段,提出了一种符合实际情况的钢-混凝土组合梁的剪力连接模式,建立钢-混凝土连续组合梁有限元分析模型、优化参数模型,优化数学模型,用ANSYS的参数化设计语言编制了分析文件和优化控制文件,经计算获得钢-混凝土连续组合梁的最优截面形式。该方法的优化效果显著,并且效率高,可广泛应用于钢-混凝土连续组合梁截面优化设计工程。     

Nonlinear behaviour of unprotected composite slim floor steel beams exposed to different fire conditions

An efficient nonlinear 3D finite element model has been developed to investigate the structural performance of composite slim floor steel beams with deep profiled steel decking under fire conditions. The composite steel beams were unprotected simply supported with different cross-sectional dimensions, structural steel sections, load ratios during fire and were subjected to different fire scenarios. The nonlinear material properties of steel, composite slim concrete floor and reinforcement bars were incorporated in the model at ambient and elevated temperatures. The interface between the structural steel section and composite slim concrete floor was also considered, allowing the bond behaviour to be modelled and the different components to retain its profile during the deformation of the composite beam. Furthermore the thermal properties of the interface were included in the finite element analysis. The finite element model has been validated against published fire tests on unprotected composite slim floor steel beams. The time–temperature relationships, deformed shapes at failure, time–vertical displacement relationships, failure modes and fire resistances of the composite steel beams were evaluated by the finite element model. Comparisons between predicted behaviour and that recorded in fire tests have shown that the finite element model can accurately predict the behaviour of the composite steel beams under fire conditions. Furthermore, the variables that influence the fire resistance and behaviour of the unprotected composite slim floor steel beams, comprising different load ratios during fire, cross-section geometries, beam length and fire scenarios, were investigated in parametric studies. It is shown that the failure of the composite beams under fire conditions occurred for the standard fire curve, but did not occur for the natural fires. The use of high strength structural steel considerably limited the vertical displacements after fire exposure. It is also shown that presence of additional top reinforcement mesh is necessary for composite beams exposed to short hot natural fires. The fire resistances of the composite beams obtained from the finite element analyses were compared with the design values obtained from the Eurocode 4 for composite beams at elevated temperatures. It is shown that the EC4 predictions are generally conservative for the design of composite slim floor steel beams heated using different fire scenarios.     

活性粉末混凝土预应力叠合梁受弯性能非线性数值分析

针对活性粉末混凝土预应力叠合梁的受弯性能,利用有限元分析软件ANSYS,建立了活性粉末混凝土预应力叠合梁的三维有限元数值分析模型,对试验全过程进行了仿真模拟,并研究了主要参数(如:有效预应力,后浇层混凝土强度等级,后浇层纵向配筋率等)对叠合梁受弯性能的影响,为活性粉末混凝土预应力叠合梁的设计提供了参考。     

各工程作业考虑下简支组合梁结构性能的数值分析(英文)

提出了一个有关组合梁结构性能的全面数值分析,针对剪切变形效应、不同施工方法、不同程度的钢构件截面应变硬化等情况下,对简支组合梁结构性能进行了一系列的数值分析。使用先进的三维有限元方法,模拟输入特定的材质、几何尺寸、非线性的界面,分析和讨论了24组简支组合梁的承载能力和变形特性。通过分析和考虑两种不同的施工方法,包括混凝土浇筑组合梁时仅采用端部支撑及混凝土浇筑组合梁时采用全支撑,发现剪切连接件滑移的要求在前者的情况下相对较小。另外,若同时考虑欧洲规范第3及第4部分中提及的钢构件截面应变硬化效应后,在全剪切连接情况下,组合梁承载能力有8.5%的显著提升。然而,随着剪切连接程度的减少,截面应变硬化作用减弱,同时,对剪切连接件滑移的要求也会随之减少,因此这样的变化对于组合梁里允许应变而非延性的剪切来说是非常重要的。     

Strength and post‐yield behavior of T‐section steel encased by structural concrete

In this study, the seismic performance of unsymmetrical steel–concrete composite precast beams with T‐shaped steel section were numerically explored and validated by their earlier experimental investigation. This design is based on the proposed calibrated finite element model in which key damage parameters for the evaluation of the nonlinear, post‐yield behavior of the precast composite steel beams were identified. The proposed nonlinear finite‐element‐based numerical model uses various parameters, including the dilatation angle and concrete‐damaged plasticity, to simulate the nonlinear behavior of unsymmetrical composite precast beams with T‐section steel. Greater seismic capacity with greater ductility, contributing to a maximized structural capacity within the composite precast beams was introduced by the effective use of the 2 materials, steel and concrete, and shown by the nonlinear hysteretic investigation of unsymmetrical steel–concrete composite precast beams that was validated experimentally. The post‐yield structural capacity found via the numerical analysis agrees with experimental results when the concrete‐damaged plasticity of the plastic‐damaged seismic model for concrete and the von Mises criteria of the steel section were introduced into the finite element model. Practical design parameters and recommendations were eventually suggested by examining the influence of precast composite beams with unsymmetrical steel sections on the concrete degradations and damage evolution.     

Finite element parametric study of the performance of a deep excavation

Deep excavations are widely used for the development of underground space. The structural performance of any deep excavation is influenced by details of the soil behaviour, the form of the retaining and support structures that are employed and also the sequence of construction. Finite element analysis is potentially an effective tool for considering both the geotechnical and structural aspects of the design of deep excavations. To capture the main features of the excavation behaviour, a finite element model is required that is able to represent the principal deformation and structural mechanisms at an appropriate level of detail. The current paper explores the various modelling assumptions that need to be considered when developing detailed 3D finite element models for the design of deep excavations. A parametric study is described, based on an idealised square excavation, to investigate the influence that certain key features of the model can have on the quality of the computed results. The study includes the choice of element type to model the structural components, the selection of appropriate material parameters, the choice of procedures to model post-cure shrinkage of the concrete elements and the choice of procedure to model the soil/structure interfaces. The results of this parametric study provide guidance for the development of finite element models for practical design purposes.     

Numerical investigation of inelastic buckling of steel–concrete composite beams prestressed with external tendons

The ultimate resistance of a continuous composite beam is governed by either distortional lateral buckling or local buckling, or an interactive mode of the two which is sharply different from the torsional buckling mode in a bare steel beam. A finite element model is developed and based on the proposed FE model, inelastic finite element analysis of composite beams in negative bending is investigated, considering the initial geometric imperfection and the residual stress patterns and the FE results are found agree well with the test results. Parametrical analysis is carried out on the prestressed composite beams with external tendons in negative bending. Factors that influence load carrying performance and buckling moment resistance of prestressed composite beams are analyzed, such as initial geometric imperfection, residual stress in steel beams, force ratio, which is defined as the extent of prestressing force and negative reinforcement in the beams, as well as the slenderness ratios of web, flange, and beams. By varying cross-section parameters, 25 groups of composite beams under negative uniform bending with initial geometric imperfection, residual stress as well as different force ratios, 200 beams in total are studied by means of the FE method. The computed buckling moment ratios are drawn against the modified slenderness proposed by the authors and compared with the Chinese Codified steel column design curve. It is demonstrated that the tentative design method based on the Chinese Codified design curve can be used in assessment of buckling strength of composite beams in a term of the modified slenderness defined.