Co掺杂对锂离子电池材料LiMn_2O_4性能的影响

采用高温固相法和溶胶-凝胶法制备LiCoXMn2-XO4(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.2),研究了掺杂Co后,材料的相结构和充放电性能,并与LiMn2O4相对比.结果表明:掺杂Co后材料的充放电性能相对LiMn2O4均有所提高;两种方法制备的LiCoXMn2-XO4循环40次后,容量保持率、放电比容量均优于LiMn2O4;且当x=0.05时,两种方法制备的LiCoXMn2-XO4的充放电性能均明显优于x=0.1和x=0.2时.     

熔盐法合成LiMn_（1/3）Ni_（1/3）Co_（1/3）O_2及AA电池的电化学性能

以KCl为熔盐,采用熔盐法合成了锂离子电池正极材料LiMn1/3Ni1/3Co1/3O2,扫描电子显微镜（SEM）显示此方法制备产物具有较好的晶形,颗粒较均匀.XRD表征结果显示产物为层状结构,充放电测试结果显示出材料在3.6 V平台附近有较大的可逆容量.在900℃时保温8 h时合成的LiMn1/3Ni1/3Co1/3O2具有较好的电化学性能,制作成AA电池,在2.75～4.2 V之间进行充放电测试,在1 C倍率下放电,LiMn1/3Ni1/3Co1/3O2的初始放电容量可达132.9 mAh/g,循环50多次后容量仍为124.6 mAh/g,容量保持率为93.75﹪.     

Co掺杂对锂离子电池材料LiMn2O4性能的影响

采用高温固相法和溶胶-凝胶法制备LiCoXMn2-XO4（x=0,0.05,0.1,0.2）,研究了掺杂Co后,材料的相结构和充放电性能,并与LiMn2O4相对比.结果表明：掺杂Co后材料的充放电性能相对LiMn2O4均有所提高;两种方法制备的LiCoXMn2-XO4循环40次后,容量保持率、放电比容量均优于LiMn2O4;且当x=0.05时,两种方法制备的LiCoXMn2-XO4的充放电性能均明显优于x=0.1和x=0.2时.     

锂离子电池正极材料LiMn2-xSrxO4的制备与电化学性能研究

采用固相分段煅烧的方法合成了具有尖晶石结构的锂离子电池正极材料LiMn2-xSrxO4（x=0.0、0.05、0.1）,并利用X射线衍射、IR光谱、SEM、充放电、交流阻抗测试对材料进行了表征.结果表明,所合成的锶掺杂改性材料仍具有标准的尖晶石结构,但结晶度有所下降,晶格发生收缩.当x=0.05时,掺杂锶的改性材料LiMn2-xSrxO4具有优异的循环性能,在0.2 C放电速率下,其首次放电容量为116.4 mAh/g,循环20次后,容量保持率超过98%.少量锶的掺杂能使材料循环性能得到大副提高,与锶掺杂引起的结构稳定性提高有关,这说明改善材料结构稳定性对抑制循环过程中容量衰减有重要作用.     

尖晶石型LiMn2O4正极材料的改性及电化学性能研究

采用共沉淀方法合成了尖晶石型LiMn2O4正极材料，并对其工艺进行改进，进行锰源掺杂及Al2O3包覆改性等得到5种材料。首次充放电容量较高，所得纯相尖晶石的首次充放电容量达到130mAh／g，充放电效率高，电化学性能较好。对5种材料进行了XRD以及充放电，循环伏安及交流阻抗测试，考察了不同掺杂元素对电池材料的影响，得出在掺杂工艺相同的条件下，掺Cr所得材料的电化学性能较为理想，循环伏安和交流阻抗测试亦为上述结果进行了有力佐证。     

由无定形Li-Mn-Co-Ti-O前驱体制备改性尖晶石锰酸锂

对水热法合成的无定形Li-Mn-Me-O前驱体(Me=0、Co或Co-Ti)进行热处理,制备了Co掺杂及Co-Ti复合掺杂的尖晶石型LiMn_2O_4正极材料。通过XRD、SEM对Co-Ti复合掺杂的LiMn_2O_4的结构和微观形貌进行分析与表征,并测试了其电化学性能。研究结果表明:所制备的粉体材料具有良好的立方尖晶石结构,无杂相峰存在;Co-Ti复合掺杂使LiMn_2O_4颗粒变小;其在3.0~4.3 V电压范围内,0.5C倍率条件下,首次放电比容量为116.5 m Ah/g,循环100圈后容量保持率为93.5%;与不掺杂样品相比,其初始容量提高,100次循环的容量保持率提高,且高倍率循环性能也明显得到改善。     

复合掺杂与包覆对尖晶石锰酸锂结构和性能的影响

采用固相烧结法与湿法包覆工艺,研究复合掺杂与包覆改性对尖晶石锰酸锂材料性能的影响。采用XRD、SEM、比表面积、振实密度以及电化学分析,发现在复合掺杂适量的Nb元素和Mg元素的基础上,以异丙醇铝为原材料,采用液相湿法对其颗粒表面包覆0.15%的Al_2O_3,样品可获得最优的电化学性能,0.5 C放电比容量为115.73 mA·h/g,100周循环后比容量衰减至113.67 mA·h/g,容量保持率仍高达98.22%。     

共沉淀法制备球形LiCr_(0.1)Ni_(0.45)Mn_(1.45)O_4正极材料及性能表征

采用共沉淀和固相烧结工艺制备LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4和LiCr0.1Ni0.45Mn1.45O4正极材料,对其比表面积、振实密度、倍率性能、高低温循环性能等性能指标进行测试,并利用SEM、XRD对所制材料进行形貌观察及物相分析。结果表明:添加微量Cr元素可稳定材料结构,降低比表面积,改善LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4材料电化学性能;LiCr0.1Ni0.45Mn1.45O4正极材料振实密度可达到2.32 g/cm3,比表面积可达到0.51 m2/g,25℃下1.5C充放电,最高容量达到127.2 m A·h/g,300次循环后容量保持率为94.9%;50℃下1.5C充放电,初始容量达到128.5 m A·h/g,200次循环后容量保持率为88.7%。经XRD分析,循环完成后材料尖晶石的结构没有变化。     

固相合成锂离子电池正极材料LiMn_(1-x)Fe_xPO_4/C的结构与电化学性能

以葡萄糖为碳源,对LiH2PO4、MnCO3、FeC2O4与葡萄糖等反应物进行湿法球磨,随后在750℃温度下煅烧,通过固相反应实现对LiMnPO4的铁离子掺杂和碳包覆改性,得到锂离子电池正极材料LiMn1-xFexPO4/C(x=0、0.05、0.10、0.15、0.20)。利用X射线衍射(XRD),扫描电镜(SEM)及电化学测试等手段研究铁离子掺杂量对磷酸锰锂的晶体结构、微观形貌与电性能的影响。结果表明,LiMn0.9Fe0.1PO4/C结晶度良好,颗粒较均匀细小,具有较好的电化学性能,0.05C倍率下的首次放电比容量达到110(mA·h)/g,经过30次循环后,放电比容量约80(mA·h)/g。     

V掺杂制备尖晶石LiMn204的研究

采用V掺杂固相法合成尖晶石锰酸锂（LiMn2O4）,研究了掺杂后对材料的影响,用感应耦合等离子体（ICP）、XRD、SEM、激光粒度分析（LPS）、BET和充放电测试,对材料进行了分析。实验表明掺杂V的LiMn2O4结晶度更完整,颗粒表面更光滑,平均粒径增大了4．55μm,比表面积减小了0．52m2／g;循环30次的容量保持率提高了4．13％。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.