基于改进形态学的纱线条干边缘检测方法

为精确评价纱线的表观条干均匀性,提出一种基于改进形态学的纱线条干边缘检测方法;选取棉、麻、涤纶3种原料,通过环锭纺和紧密纺制得15种不同线密度的纱线试样,采用该方法对纱线直径进行测试,并验证该方法的有效性.结果表明:该方法利用全变分模型对纱线图像降噪滤波,利用改进形态学算法去除纱线毛羽,得到的纱线条干边缘清晰、纱线毛羽...     

浅谈玻璃纤维无捻粗纱生产技术的改进

分析了无捻粗纱生产厂家在生产中存在的一些问题,如纱线张力一致性问题、纱线缺股问题、纱线接头问题,针对生产中存在的这些问题进行技术改进,并介绍了3种设备即张力器、断纱自停装置、空气捻接器等新技术在合股无捻粗纱生产中的应用及技术改进。     

最新专利

<正>抗菌安全吸湿速干面料及其制备方法(申请号CN201410528076申请日2014.10.09申请人武汉爱帝高级服饰有限公司)该发明公开了一种抗菌安全吸湿速干面料及其制备方法。该面料由第一纱线、第二纱线以及第三纱线编织而成。其中:第一纱线为纯棉纤维纱线或者为棉纤维型混纺纱线,所述棉纤维型混纺纱线为棉纤维与麻纤维、聚酯纤维、聚丙     

减少纱线纱疵的方法探讨

介绍了纱线纱疵产生的原因、检测方法以及在纱线中的表现形式，分析了原料性能、加工工艺条件以及设备条件对纱线纱疵的影响，提出了减少纱线纱疵的方法并介绍了控制纱疵的方法。     

基于Hough变换和Regionprops函数法静电纺纳米纤维纱线的取向分析

利用MATLAB语言工具,采用Hough变换和Regionprops函数法求取静电纺纳米纤维纱线的取向分布,并比较分析两种方法的特点和优劣。还对静电纺纳米纤维纱线的成纱形态进行分析,探讨纱线直径和纱线中纤维直径的关系并分析纱线的捻度大小,深入研究静电纺纳米纤维纱线的表面形态结构。Hough变换和Regionprops函数方法定量表征结果表明,实验中得到的静电纺纳米纤维纱线的质量较差,静电纺技术下的纱线的排列是不均匀的,静电纺纳米纤维纱线各段纱线直径和该段纱线中纤维直径非正相关。     

碳纳米材料在PU纱线基柔性应变传感器中的应用

聚氨酯（PU）纱线基柔性应变传感器具有质轻柔软、透气性好、力学性能优异、传感性能良好、廉价易得等优点，但存在灵敏度与应变范围的非线性关系以及滞后性的问题。本文首先介绍了碳纳米材料/PU纱线基柔性应变传感器的构成，并分析了各构成部分对传感器性能的影响机理。在此基础上，根据PU传感纱线制备方式的不同，分别对均质PU纱类、涂层PU纱类和结构PU纱类三类传感器的研究进展进行了综述，指出选择合理的纺丝原料添加量、纺丝牵伸比、涂覆黏合剂、导电皮层与非导电芯层厚度比、导电皮层对非导电芯层有效包覆率、多维导电网络以及新颖的纱线结构、纱线成型新技术可提高PU导电纱线的传感性能。最后，分析了碳纳米材料/PU纱线基柔性应变传感器存在的问题，对高性能PU基础纱线、高品质碳纳米材料、新型加工及集成技术、研制和应用过程中应满足的基本条件等未来的重点发展方向进行了展望，以期为开发高性能纱线基柔性应变传感器提供参考。     

灰色聚类法在短季棉转杯纱线性能评价中的应用

利用三因素三水平的正交实验设计了九种转杯纺纺纱实验，测试了九种实验方案纱线的性能，采用灰色聚类分析方法对九种纱线性能进行了综合评价，实验结果表明在所纺的低捻转杯纱中，纱线性能好的方案为5、9，纱线性能中等的为8号试样，纱线性能差的为1、2、3、4、6、7。     

纳米竹碳纤维、纳米银纤维和珍珠纤维混纺纱线及其制备方法

本发明涉及一种纱线,特别是一种纳米竹碳纤维、纳米银纤维和珍珠纤维混纺纱线及其制备方法。一种混纺纱线,它是由下述质量配比的原料制成的:纳米竹碳纤维10～50、纳米银纤维10～30、珍珠纤维5～60。本发明优点表现在:混纺     

高弹性MXene/TPU纳米纤维纱线的制备及其应变传感性能

采用静电纺丝技术制备了热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)纳米纤维膜,并通过"Biscrolling"的方法制备高弹性过渡金属碳化物/氮化物(Ti_3C_2T_x MXene)改性TPU纳米纤维纱线。通过SEM、电阻测试、传感性能测试等对复合纳米纤维纱线进行结构和性能表征。结果显示,随着MXene负载量的增加,复合纱线的强度先增加后降低,断裂伸长率可达459%以上,展现出优异的弹性和弹性回复性;MXene片可在纳米纤维纱线表面及内部形成连续导电薄膜,赋予复合纱线较好的导电性[电阻(76±16)?/cm]。纱线的应变传感性能测试表明,MXene/TPU纳米纤维纱线的传感系数可高达477.86,线性度高达0.995,高于绝大多数文献报道的纱线传感器,并且在监测人体的各种运动状态上展现出较好的应变传感性能。     

界面摩擦对Kevlar织物吸收冲击能量能力的影响

大量实验证明,在弹体对织物的冲击过程中,弹体与纱线之间和纱线与纱线之间的摩擦对织物吸收弹体冲击能量的能力具有显著的影响。已经证明在球型弹体对织物的冲击中,弹体与纱线之间和纱线与纱线之间的摩擦是影响织物吸能特性的重要因素,但是在平头弹体对织物的冲击过程中,界面摩擦是如何影响织物吸收冲击能量这一问题还未被研究。本文建立了织物的多尺度三维有限元模型,利用LS-DYNA模拟了平头弹体对四边固定织物的冲击过程。结果表明冲击过程中纱线的动能和势能是主要吸能机制,通过摩擦消耗的能量不是主要的吸收能量的机制,但是摩擦能够间接影响织物的吸能特性,较小的摩擦有助于促进纱线之间的相互运动和作用,同时能够增加弹体和织物相互作用的时间,有助于提高织物吸收能量的能力;弹体与纱线之间的摩擦对织物吸能特性的影响很小,纱线与纱线之间的摩擦在冲击过程中对织物吸能特性的影响起主要作用。     

循环冷却水水质电导率与含盐量关系的试验研究

在不结垢的循环水体系中,通过对不同循环水补充水质的动态模拟实验,找出电导率值与含盐量关系,进而达到实现循环水在线连续监控的目的。     

科技特派员是强化和拓展产学研合作教育的桥梁和纽带

文章对我国高校产学研合作教育的主要模式进行了归纳,分析了我国高校实施产学研合作教育存在的不足,详细阐述了企业科技特派员在校企产学研合作教育中所能发挥的桥梁和纽带作用。笔者认为充分发挥科技特派员的独特优势,能够弥补现有合作教育模式的不足,将能开创具有我国特色的产学研合作教育模式。     

整流装置跳闸原因及整改

从离子膜法烧碱整流装置的保护原理出发,通过对某工厂在2005年整流装置跳闸原因的统计和技术分析,发现电网波动和雷击是整流装置跳闸的两个重要原因,并提出了采取修改整定值、增加防晃电交流接触器以及在低压交流侧增加三级防雷措施的整改对策。整改后,整流装置跳闸次数明显减少。     

The role of the symmetry and the flexibility of the anion on the characteristics of the nanostructures and the viscosities of ionic liquids☆

The transport properties of ionic liquids (ILs) are crucial properties in view of their applications in electrochem-ical devices. One of the most important advantages of ILs is that their chemical–physical properties and conse-quently their bulk performances can be well tuned by optimizing the chemical structures of their ions. This will require elucidating the structural features of the ions that fundamentally determine the characteristics of the nanostructures and the viscosities of ILs. Here we showed for the first time that the“rigidity”, the order, and the compactness of the three-dimensional ionic networks generated by the anions and the cation head groups determine the formation and the sizes of the nanostructures in the apolar domains of ILs. We also found that the properties of ionic networks are governed by the conformational flexibility and the symmetry of the anion and/or the cation head group. The thermal stability of the nanostructures of ILs was shown to be con-trolled by the sensitivity of the conformational equilibrium of the anion to the change of temperature. We showed that the viscosity of ILs is strongly related to the symmetry and the flexibility of the constitute ions rather than to the size of the nanostructures of ILs. Therefore, the characteristics of the nanostructures and the viscosities of ILs, especially the thermal stability of the nanostructures, can be fine-tuned by tailoring the symmetry and the conformational flexibility of the anion.     

对乙酰氨基酚注射液制备工艺及稳定性研究

优选对乙酰氨基酚注射液的制备工艺,并考察其稳定性。通过单因素考察确定制剂的辅料用量,最适pH,灭菌工艺等,筛选出最优工艺条件,并根据确定的条件进行稳定性考察。对乙酰氨基酚注射液制备工艺最优条件为磷酸氢二钠用量为175mg,控制产品p H在6.0,并在115℃下高压蒸汽灭菌30min,可以成功制得对乙酰氨基酚注射液,产品规格为10mg/mL。此产品在常温下密封放置30d稳定性良好。合理的制备工艺和条件,可更好的保证对乙酰氨基酚注射液的质量。     

柔性复合材料及其增强体顶破形态和机理的研究

本文研究了柔性机织复合材料及其增强体顶破的破坏形态和失效机理。在MTS-810材料试验机上分别对两种材料进行准静态顶破实验测试,通过观察顶破过程中两种材料变形,指出它们形变的异同点。并对实验得到的载荷—位移曲线进行分析讨论,说明材料在顶破载荷作用下的失效机理以及涂层对织物顶破性能的影响。     

Study on the copper and iron coexisted coloring glaze and the mechanism of the fambe

With copper and iron oxides as colorants, reddish and bluish purple glazes were prepared by changing the raw material ratio at the same firing schedule. Based on the primary factor experiments and the analyses of XRF and SEM/EDS, the fambe mechanism was proposed. The results indicated that glaze colors were related to multiple factors. The difference in copper red and purple glazes was merely caused by the later ingredient containing Ca₃(PO₄)₂, in which liquid-liquid phase separation structures were developed and formed structural colors, while the accumulated Fe₂O₃ in one phase decomposed to Fe²⁺ and bubbles to form blue stains and colorful texture. In addition, both CuO and Fe₂O₃ had a variety of coloring characteristics, which depended on the process parameter, firing temperature and base glaze compositions to make colors and hues change accordingly. In such cases, the multiple chemical colors were coupled with structural colors to form the fambe glaze.     

塑料的生物降解性及其检测方法

讨论了塑料的生物降解性，包括降解因素，微生物分解塑料的各种形式、降解机理等。介绍了目前国内外常用的检测塑料生物降解的方法。     

Innovation and the catalytic process industry-The science and the challenge

The process industry faces new challenges. In particular, environmental objectives call for processes with much higher conversion and better selectivities to minimize the release or removal of products to a degree which would not be economic without considering the environmental objectives. These challenges call for a better understanding of the design basis. The paper analyzes by examples the strength of the “state-of-art” of chemical reactor engineering which as examples formed the basis for progress in ammonia synthesis and in steam reforming. The importance of an integrated approach in process development is illustrated by examples from synthetic gasoline and direct and indirect manufacture of methanol. The new challenges to reactor engineering require more research in a field which has been developed almost to maturity. The better understanding of the micro-kinetics of catalysis has also revealed a complexity which is difficult to describe by the conventional approach. This is in particular true for “ppm reactions” in which one component should be removed down to a ppm level. There is a need to integrate the conventional reactor design models with models describing the fluid mechanics, in particular for reactions carried out with critical mixing (SCR, hydrotreating). Breakthroughs may come from new concepts in combining separation with catalysis and use of transient reactors. This is illustrated by a new solid state alkylation process. In conclusion, chemical engineering science needs more explorative research, if it should not become mature.     

熔喷非织造布生产应用及专用料的制备

介绍了中国熔喷非织造布设备及原料情况,熔喷法制备非织造布工艺及其产品性能用途和专用料的制备。